LESSON Computer science 756432, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Programming Languages

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EMOTIONAL

INTERACTION

Emotions And The User Experience ⊡ HCI has traditionally been about designing efficient and effective systems ⊡ Now more about how to design interactive systems that make people respond in certain ways □ e.g. to be happy, to be trusting, to learn, to be motivated ⊡ Emotional interaction is concerned with how we feel and react when interacting with technologies

Emotional Design Model ⊡ Norman, Ortony and Revelle (2004) model of emotion

Claims From

Model

⊡ Our emotional state changes how we think □ when frightened or angry we focus narrowly and body responds by tensing muscles and sweating ■ more likely to be less tolerant □ when happy we are less focused and the body relaxes ■ more likely to overlook minor problems and be more creative

⊡ Provide reassuring feedback that can be both informative and fun ⊡ But can also be intrusive, causing people to get annoyed and even angry ⊡ Color, icons, sounds, graphical elements and animations are used to make the ‘look and feel’ of an interface appealing □ conveys an emotional state ⊡ In turn this can affect the usability of an interface □ people are prepared to put up with certain aspects of an interface (e.g. slow download rate) if the end result is appealing and aesthetic Expressive Interfaces

Friendly Interfaces ⊡ Microsoft pioneered friendly interfaces for technophobes - ‘At home with Bob’ software ⊡ 3D metaphors based on familiar places (e.g. living rooms) ⊡ Agents in the guise of pets (e.g. bunny, dog) were included to talk to the user □ Make users feel more at ease and comfortable

Clippy ⊡ Why was Clippy disliked by so many? ⊡ Was it annoying, distracting, patronising or other? ⊡ What sort of user liked Clippy?

Frustrating ⊡ Many causes:^ Interfaces □ When an application doesn’t work properly or crashes □ When a system doesn’t do what the user wants it to do □ When a user’s expectations are not met □ When a system does not provide sufficient information to enable the user to know what to do □ When error messages pop up that are vague, obtuse or condemning □ When the appearance of an interface is garish, noisy, gimmicky or patronizing □ When a system requires users to carry out too many steps to perform a task, only to discover a mistake was made earlier and they need to start all over again

“The application Word

Wonder has unexpectedly

quit due to a type 2 error.”

Error Messages

Error Messages Why not instead:

“the application has expectedly

quit due to poor coding in the

operating system”

Website Error

Messages

“The requested page /helpme is not available on the web server. More Helpful Error Message If you followed a link or bookmark to get to this page, please let us know, so that we can fix the problem. Please include the URL of the referring page as well as the URL of the missing page. Otherwise check that you have typed the address of the web page correctly. The Web site you seek Cannot be located, but Countless more exist.”

Should computers say they’re sorry? ⊡ How sincere would they think the computer was being? For example, after a system crash: □ “I’m really sorry I crashed. I’ll try not to do it again” ⊡ How else should computers communicate with users?

Detecting Emotions And Emotional Technology ⊡ Sensing technologies used to measure GSR, facial expressions, gestures, body movement ⊡ Aim is to predict user’s emotions and aspects of their behavior – ⊡ E.g. what is someone most likely to buy online when feeling sad, bored or happy