lesson topic of Fecalysis, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Nursing

Download lesson topic of Fecalysis and more Study Guides, Projects, Research Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

Fecalysis

Feces / Stool

• Solid/ semi-solid body waste discharged from the large intestine through the anus during defecation.

Macroscopic examination of a normal Stool

Specimen

• Volume: 100-200 grams/day
• Color : Light to Dark Brown
• Odor: Offensive (due to Indole and Skatole)
• Form and Consistency : Soft and well formed
• Reaction: a. Alkaline: Increase protein diet b. Acidic: Increase vegetable, CHO, and fats in the diet

Abnormal variation in color

• Black- upper gastrointestinal bleeding, intake iron, etc.
• Red- bleeding in lower GIT, intake of beets, food coloring, Rifampin and Pyridium compounds.
• Pale Yellow, White, Gray- Bile duct obstruction, Barium intake
• Green- Presence of biliverdin, Oral antibiotics, Green Vegetables

Fecal Sample Collection

• Detailed instructions and appropriate containers should be provided.
• Containers for collection of fecal (stool) samples: - Random samples used for cultures, ova and parasites (O&P), microscopic examination for cells, fats and fibers, and detection of blood are collected in cardboard containers with wax-coated interiors or plastic containers with wide openings and screwcapped tops similar to those used for urine samples.

Preservation of stool

• Refrigeration
• Chemical Preservative
• Sodium Acetate
• Formalin
• Merthiolate Iodine Formaldehyde
• NSS w/ glycerine
• Polyvinyl Acohol

Preparation of Direct Fecal Smear

• 1 drop of Normal Saline Solution/ 1% Lugol’s Iodine Solution on a glass slide. Place a small portion of stool specimen to the drop of solution. Make a smooth emulsion in the drop of saline/ iodine by rotary motion using the applicator stick. a. Formed stool: portion of stool from area to include inside and outside of the specimen b. Stool with mucus: small portion of mucus and mix c. Watery stool: if mucus is not present, small portion of stool
• Cover the saline/ iodine with cover slip

Different types of indicator chromogens

• Gum Guaiac
• Benzidine
• Ortho toluidine
• Positive Result: BLUE chromogen

Dietary Restrictions 3 days before the

examination (FOBT)

• Red Meat
• Horse radish
• Melons
• Raw broccoli
• Cauliflower
• Turnip
• Vitamin C
• Aspirin and NSAIDS- restriction of 7 days prior specimen collection