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Pathogenesis, Biopsychosocial Perspective, and Health Concepts in LIFESCI 4U03, Exams of Nursing

Cedarville UniversityNursing

A comprehensive overview of key concepts in health and disease, including stages of pathogenesis, the biopsychosocial perspective, and the who definition of health. It explores the international classification of disease (icd) and its coding patterns, emphasizing the importance of data collection and classification in healthcare. The document also delves into the soap (subjective, objective, assessment, plan) model for collecting client/patient information and the icf (international classification of functioning, disability, and health) model. It further examines the pathogenesis of disease, including ethiology, pathogenesis, and clinical outcome, and discusses concepts like homeostasis, allostasis, and allostatic load. The document concludes with a detailed explanation of disease transmission, stages of disease, the chain of infection, and models of prevention.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 02/04/2025

bryanryan
bryanryan 🇺🇸

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LIFESCI 4U03 Quiz Questions With Complete Solutions
Stages of Pathogenesis
1. Exposure
2. Adhesion
3. Invasion
4. Infection
5. Transmission
Biopsychosocial Perspective
Biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors are seen as
influencing the development of the individual
George Engel's Critiques of Biomedicine
Alterations in our biochemistry, physiology, biomechanics,
anatomy and/or psychology can lead to disease, illness, ailment
and/or injury
WHO definition of health
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-
being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Health vs Disease
- health : the absence of disease & infirmity, as well as the
presence of physical, mental, & social well-being
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LIFESCI 4U03 Quiz Questions With Complete Solutions Stages of Pathogenesis

  1. Exposure
  2. Adhesion
  3. Invasion
  4. Infection
  5. Transmission Biopsychosocial Perspective Biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors are seen as influencing the development of the individual George Engel's Critiques of Biomedicine Alterations in our biochemistry, physiology, biomechanics, anatomy and/or psychology can lead to disease, illness, ailment and/or injury WHO definition of health Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well- being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Health vs Disease
  • health : the absence of disease & infirmity, as well as the presence of physical, mental, & social well-being
  • disease : a discrete natural entity that can be clinically identified & treated by a health professional ICD (International Classification of Disease)
  • allows systematic recording, analysis, interpretation
  • comparison of mortality and morbidity data
  • ensures semantic interoperability and reusability of recorded data for beyond health statistics (decision support, resource allocation, reimbursement, guidelines) Coding Pattern Condition (Classification)
  • diagnosis
  • injury
  • signs/symptoms Extension Codes (terminology)
  • anatomy
  • severity
  • anatomy
  • infectious agents Classification & Data Collection in Practice
  • Surgical
  • Medical
  • Death
  • Obstetrical

O: Objective

  • factual information or metrics the client provides (observed by physician) A: Assessment
  • clinical interpretations based on the information provided thus far (tests ordered) P: Plan
  • what is the treatment plan and the next steps? ICF Model International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health Pathology of disease
  • ethiology
  • pathogenesis
  • clinical outcome Ethiology Cause of disease
  • most of the time has multiple causes (e.g. COVID-19: exposure, immune system, past illness, etc.)

Pathogenesis The manner in which a disease develops (e.g. how the pathogen infects the host or how the trauma affects the host) Clinical Outcome Measures patient health or well being. (symptoms -> diagnosis -

treatment) Homeostasis A biological system's state of internal dynamic equilibrium with respect to external or internal changes Allostasis The variation of an organism's internal parameters in order to appropriately match them to external stressors Allostatic Load The stresses of basic body systems that burden overall functioning, such as hypertension, lack of sleep, poor diet, dehydration, drugs, etc. Allostatic Overload The consequences of long-term elevations of stress-related catabolic hormones, including cardiovascular disease, mental illness, kidney disease, liver failure, etc. Types of Diseases (terms)

DALY: Disability-Adjusted Life Years -DALYs equal the sum of years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs). One DALY equals one lost year of healthy life. YLD: Years Lived with Disability -It is measured by taking the prevalence of the condition multiplied by the disability weight for that condition. Types of Transmission Direct:

  • transplacental (mother to fetus)
  • person to person (bite, droplets, contact) Indirect: food, water, surfaces, air, biological, etc. Stages of Disease
  1. incubation period
  2. prodromal period
  3. period of illness
  4. period of decline
  5. period of convalescence Chain of Infection
  1. Infectious agent
  2. reservoir
  3. portal of exit
  4. means of transmission
  5. portal of entry
  6. susceptible host. Models of Prevention Stages: Primordial- prevent the occurrance of a disease/injury at a pop. level Primary- prevent the occurrance of a disease/injury Secondary- detect/treat a disease in it's early stages, preventing its progression & complications Tertiary- prevent complications and disabilities, improve quality of life Quaternary- prevent the harm or mitigate the consequences of medical interventions, reducing unneccessary or excessive treatments (& side effects)