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List of Medical Terms (Notes), Study notes of Medicine

List Prefixes and Suffixes of Medical Terms

Typology: Study notes

2019/2020

Uploaded on 11/10/2020

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MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY
PREFIX- ROOT -SUFFIX
MEANING
a-
no; not; without
an-
no; not; without
ab-
away from
abdomin/o
abdomen
-ac
pertaining to
acanth/o
spiny; thorny
acar/o
mites
acetabul/o
acetabulum (hip socket)
acous/o
hearing
acoust/o
hearing, sound
acr/o
extremeties; top; extreme point
acromi/o
acromion (extension of shoulder bone)
actin/o
light
acu/o
sharp; severe; sudden
-acusis
hearing
ad-
toward
-ad
toward
aden/o
gland
adenoid/o
adenoids
adip/o
fat
adren/o
adrenal gland
adrenal/o
adrenal gland
aer/o
air
af-
toward
agglutin/o
clumping; sticking together
-agogue
producer, leader
-agon
to assemble; gather
agora-
marketplace
-agra
excessive pain
-al
pertaining to
alb/o
white
albin/o
white
albumin/o
albumin (protein)
alges/o
sensitivity to pain
-algesia
sensitivity to pain
-algia
pain
all/o
other
alveol/o
alveolus; air sac; small sac
ambi-
around, on both sides, about
ambly/o
dim; dull
amphi-
around, on both sides
-amine
nitrogen compound
ammon/o
ammonium
amni/o
amnion (ssac surrounding the embryo)
amyl/o
starch
an/o
anus
-an
pertaining to
ana-
up; apart; backward; again; anew
andr/o
male
aneurysm/o
aneurysm (widening of blood vessel)
angi/o
vessel (blood)
anis/o
unequal
ankyl/o
stiff
ante-
before; forward
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15

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MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY

PREFIX- ROOT - SUFFIX MEANING

a- no; not; without an- no; not; without ab- away from abdomin/o abdomen

  • ac pertaining to acanth/o spiny; thorny acar/o mites acetabul/o acetabulum (hip socket) acous/o hearing acoust/o hearing, sound acr/o extremeties; top; extreme point acromi/o acromion (extension of shoulder bone) actin/o light acu/o sharp; severe; sudden
  • acusis hearing ad- toward
  • ad toward aden/o gland adenoid/o adenoids adip/o fat adren/o adrenal gland adrenal/o adrenal gland aer/o air af- toward agglutin/o clumping; sticking together
  • agogue producer, leader
  • agon to assemble; gather agora- marketplace
  • agra excessive pain
  • al pertaining to alb/o white albin/o white albumin/o albumin (protein) alges/o sensitivity to pain
  • algesia sensitivity to pain
  • algia pain all/o other alveol/o alveolus; air sac; small sac ambi- around, on both sides, about ambly/o dim; dull amphi- around, on both sides
  • amine nitrogen compound ammon/o ammonium amni/o amnion (ssac surrounding the embryo) amyl/o starch an/o anus
  • an pertaining to ana- up; apart; backward; again; anew andr/o male aneurysm/o aneurysm (widening of blood vessel) angi/o vessel (blood) anis/o unequal ankyl/o stiff ante- before; forward

MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY

PREFIX- ROOT - SUFFIX MEANING

anter/o front anthrac/o coal anthr/o antrum of the stomach anti- against anxi/o uneasy; anxious aort/o aorta (largest artery)

  • apheresis removal aphth/o ulcer apo- off; away aponeur/o aponeurosis (type of tendon) append/o appendix appendic/o appendix aque/o water
  • ar pertaining to arachn/o spider
  • arche beginning arsenic/o arsenic arter/o artery arteri/o artery arteriol/o arteriole (small artery) arthr/o joint
  • arthria articulate (speak distinctly) articul/o joint
  • artresia closure, occlusion atreto- closed, lacking an opening
  • ary pertaining to asbest/o asbestos
  • ase enzyme aspir/o removal
  • assay to examine, analyze
  • asthenia lack of strength astr/o star, star-shaped atel/o incomplete ather/o plaque (fatty substance)
  • ation process; condition atri/o atrium (upper heart chamber) atmo- steam, vapor audi/o hearing audit/o hearing aur/o ear auricul/o ear auscult/o to listen aut/o self; own aut- self; own auto- self; own aux/o growth, acceleration axill/o armpit axi/o axis azot/o urea; nitrogen bacill/o bacilli (bacteria) bacteri/o bacteria balan/o glans penis bar/o pressure; weight bartholin/o Bartholin glands
  • centesis surgical puncture to remove fluid centr/o center cephal/o head cerebell/o cerebellum (posterior part of the brain) cerebr/o cerebrum (largest part of the brain) cerumin/o cerumen cervic/o neck; cervix (neck of uterus)
  • chalasia relaxation
  • chalasis relaxation cheil/o lip chem/o drug; chemical
  • chezia defacation; elimination of wastes chir/o hand chlor/o green chlorhydr/o hydrochloric acid chol/e bile; gall cholangi/o bile; vessel cholecyst/o gallbladder choledoch/o common bile duct cholesterol/o cholesterol chondr/o cartilage chore/o dance chori/o chorion (outermost membrane of the fetus) chorion/o chorion choroid/o choroid layer of eye
  • chroia skin coloration chrom/o color chron/o time chrys/o gold chyl/o chyle chym/o to pour cib/o meal
  • cide killing
  • cidal pertaining to killing cine/o movement circum- around cirrh/o orange-yellow cis/o to cut
  • clasis to break
  • clast to break claustr/o enclosed space clavicul/o clavicle (collar bone) cleid/o clavicle clin/o to slope, bend
  • clysis irrIgation; washing coagul/o coagulation (clotting)
  • coccus berry-shaped bacterium coccyg/o coccyx (tail bone) cochle/o cochlea (inner part of ear)
  • coimesis sleeping col/o colon (large intestine) coll/a glue colon/o colon (large intestine) colp/o vagina comat/o deep sleep comi/o to care for
  • coma deep sleep

con- together; with coni/o dust conjunctiv/o conjuctiva (lines of eyelids) consci/o awareness, aware constrict/o narrowing, binding

  • constriction narrowing contra- against; opposite contus/o to bruise cor/o pupil core/o pupil corne/o cornea coron/o heart corpor/o body cortic/o cortex, outer region cost/o rib cox/o hip crani/o skull cras/o mixture; temperament crin/o secrete
  • crine to secrete; separate
  • crit to separtate critic/o crisis, dangerous cry/o cold crypt/o hidden cubit/o elbow, forearm culd/o cul-de-sac cupr/o copper
  • cusis hearing cutane/o skin cyan/o blue cycl/o ciliary body of eye; cycle; circle
  • cyesis pregnancy cyst/o urinary bladder; cyst; sac of fluid cyt/o cell
  • cyte cell
  • cytosis condition of cells; slight increase in numbers dacry/o tear dacryoaden/o tear gland dacryocyst/o tear sac; lacriman sac dactyl/o fingers; toes de- lack of; down; less; removal of dem/o people dent/i tooth derm/o skin
  • derma skin dermat/o skin desicc/o drying
  • desis to bind; tie together dextr/o right dia- complete; through diaphor/o sweat
  • dilation widening; stretching; expanding dilat/o to enlarge, expand dipl/o double dips/o thirst dis- apart, to separate dist/o far; distant

esophag/o esophagus esthes/o nervous sensation esthesi/o nervous sensation

  • esthesia nervous sensation estr/o female ethm/o sieve eti/o cause eu- good; normal
  • eurysm widening ex- out; away from exanthemat/o rash exo- out; away from extra- outside faci/o face
  • facient to cause, make happen fasci/o fascia (membrane supporting muscles) febr/i fever femor/o femur (thigh bone)
  • ferent to carry ferr/i, ferr/o iron fet/o fetus fibr/o fiber fibros/o fibrous connective tissue fibul/o fibula
  • fication process of making
  • fida split fil/i, fil/o, filament/o threat, threadlike five pent-, penta-, quinque- flav/o yellow flex/o to bend fluor/o luminous follicul/o follicle; small sac fore- before, in front
  • form resembling; in the shape of four quadri, tetra- fovea/o small pit or depression frig/o, frigid/o cold funct/o performance fung/i fungus; mushroom (organism lacking chlorophyll) furc/o forking; branching fusc/o dark brown
  • fusion to pour; to come together galact/o milk ganglion/o ganglion; collection of nerve cell bodies gastr/o stomach gel/o to freeze, congeal gemell/o twins
  • gen substance that produces
  • genesis producing; forming
  • genic produced by or in geni/o chin genit/o reproduction ge/o earth, soil ger/o old age geront/o old age gest/o pregnancy gester/o pregnancy

gigant/o huge gingiv/o gum glauc/o gray gli/o glial cells; neuroglial cells

  • globin protein
  • globulin protein glomerul/o glomerulus gloss/o tongue gluc/o glucose; sugar glyc/o glucose; sugar glycogen/o glycogen; animal starch glycos/o glucose; sugar gnath/o jaw gnos/o knowledge gon/o seed gonad/o sex glands goni/o angle
  • grade to go
  • gram record granul/o granule(s)
  • graph instrument for recording graph/o writing
  • graphy process of recording gravid/o pregnancy
  • gravida pregnant woman gynec/o woman; female gyr/o circle, spiral half demi, hemi, semi hallucin/o hallucination hapl/o simple, single helc/o ulcer heli/o sun
  • helminth worm hem/o blood hemat/o blood hemi- half hemoglobin/o hemoglobin hepat/o liver heredo- heredity herni/o hernia
  • hexia habit hidr/o sweat hirsut/o hairy hirund/i leech hist/o tissue histi/o tissue holo- entire, complete home/o sameness; unchanging; constant hormon/o hormone hymen/o hymen humer/o humerous hydr/o water hygr/o moisture hyper- above; excessive hypn/o sleep hypo- deficient; below; under; less than normal hypophys/o pituitary gland

kinesi/o movement

  • kinesis movement klept/o to steal koil/o hollow, concave, depressed kraur/o dry kym/o waves kyph/o humpback
  • labile unstable, perishable labi/o lip lacrim/o tear; tear duct; lacrimal duct lact/o milk lal/o, - lalia speech, babble lamin/o lamina lampr/o clear lapar/o abdominal wall; abdomen
  • lapse to slide, fall, sag laryng/o larynx (voice box) later/o side lecith/o yolk, ovum lei/o smooth leiomy/o smooth (visceral) muscle
  • lemma sheath; covering lepid/o plakes, scales lepr/o leprosy
  • lepsy seizure lept/o thin, slender
  • leptic to seize, take hold of leth/o death leuk/o white levo- left lex/o word; phrase
  • lexia word; phrase lien/o spleen ligament/o ligament ligat/o binding, tying lim/o hunger lingu/o tongue lip/o fat; lipid
  • lipsis omit, fail
  • listhesis condition of stones lith/o stone, calculus
  • lithotomy incision (for removal) of a stone lob/o lobe logad/o whites of the eyes
  • logist specialist log/o study
  • logy study (process of) loph/o ridge lord/o curve; swayback lox/o oblique, slanting
  • lucent to shine lumb/o lower back; loin lumin/o light lute/o yellow lux/o to slide lymph/o lymph ly/o to dissolve, loosen

lymphaden/o limph gland (node) lymphangi/o lymph vessel

  • lysis breakdown; separation; destruction; loosening
  • lytic to reduce, destroy, separate; breakdown macro- large mal- bad
  • malacia softening malleol/o malleolus mamm/o breast mandibul/o mandible (lower jaw bone)
  • mania obsessive preoccupation
  • masesis mastication, chewing mast/o breast mastoid/o mastoid process (behind the ear) maxill/o maxilla (upper jaw bone) meat/o meatus (opening) medi/o middle medic/o to heal, healing mediastin/o mediastinum medi/o middle medull/o medulla (inner section); middle; soft, marrow mega- large
  • megaly enlargement melan/o black mel/o limb, limbs men/o menses; menstruation mening/o meninges (membranes covering the spinal cord & brain) meningi/o meninges ment/o mind; chin mer/o part meso- middle meta- change; beyond metacarp/o metacarpals (hand bones) metatars/o metatarsals (foot bones)
  • meter measure method/o procedure, technique metr/o uterus (womb); measure metri/o uterus (womb)
  • metry process of measuring mi/o smaller; less micro- small
  • mimesis imitation, simulation
  • mimetic mimic; copy
  • mission to send
  • mnesia memory mogi- difficult mon/o one; single morph/o shape; form mort/o death
  • mortem death
  • motor movement muc/o mucus mucos/o mucous membrane (mucosa) multi- many muscul/o muscle mut/a genetic change

opisth/o backward, behind

  • opsia vision condition
  • opsy view of opt/o eye; vision optic/o eye; vision
  • or one who or/o mouth orch/o testis orchi/o testis orchid/o testis
  • orexia appetite organ/o organ orth/o straight osche/o scrotum
  • ose full of; pertaining to; sugar
  • osis condition, usually abnormal
  • osmia smell osphresi/o sense of smell ossicul/o ossicle (small bone) oste/o bone
  • ostosis condition of bone ot/o ear
  • otia ear condition
  • ous pertaining to ov/o egg ovari/o ovary ovul/o egg ox/o oxygen
  • oxia oxygen oxy- swift; sharpp; acid oxysm/o sudden pachy- heavy; thick
  • pagus conjoined twins palat/o palate (roof of mouth) pale/o old pali- recurrence, repetition palliat/o to soothe, relieve palpebr/o eyelid palp/o, palpat/o to touch gently palpit/o flutter, throbbing pan- all pancreat/o pancreas pant/o all, whole papill/o nipple-like; optic disc papul/o papule, pimple par- other than; abnormal para- near; beside; abnormal; apart from; along the side of
  • para to bear, bring forth (live births)
  • parous to bear, bring forth parasit/o parasite parathyroid/o parathyroid glands
  • paresis weakness
  • pareunia sexual intercourse
  • partum birth; labor patell/a patella patell/o patela

path/o disease

  • pathy disease; emotion pector/o chest pedicul/o louse ped/o child; foot pelv/i pelvis; hip region pelv/o pelvis; hip region pend/o to hang
  • penia deficiency
  • pepsia digestion per- through percuss/o to tap peri- surrounding perine/o perineum peritone/o peritoneum per/o deformed, maimed perone/o fibula perspir/o breathe through petr/o stone, petrous region of temporal bone
  • pexy fixation; to put in place phac/o lens of eye phag/o eat; swallow
  • phage eat; swallow
  • phagia eating; swallowing phak/o lens of eye phalang/o phalanges (of fingers and toes) phall/o penis phaner/o visible, apparent pharmac/o drug pharmaceut/o drug pharyng/o throat (pharynx) phas/o speech
  • phasia speech phe/o dusky; dark
  • pheresis removal phil/o like; love; attraction to
  • phil attraction for
  • philia attraction for phim/o muzzle phleb/o vein phob/o fear
  • phobia fear phon/o voice; sound
  • phonia voice; sound
  • phor/o to bear
  • phoresis carrying; transmission
  • phoria to bear, carry; feeling (mental state) phosphat/o phosphate phot/o light phren/o diaphragm; mind
  • phthisis wasting away
  • phylaxis protection phyl/o race, species, type physi/o nature; function physic/o physical, natural
  • physis to grow phys/o air, gas

pseudo- false psor/o itching psych/o mind psychr/o cold

  • pterygium abnormality of the conjunctiva
  • ptosis droop; sag; prolapse; protrude ptyal/o saliva
  • ptysis spitting pub/o pubis (anterior part of hip bone) pulmon/o lung puls/o, pulsat/o to beat, beating
  • puncture to pierce a surface pupill/o pupil (dark center of eye) purpur/i purple purul/o pus py/o pus pycn/o thick, dense pyel/o renal pelvis pyl/e portal vein pylor/o pylorus; pyloric sphincter pyr/o fever; fire pyret/o fever pyrex/o fever quadri- four, square qual- quality, characteristic quant- how much quasi- to some degree, as if quart- fourth, four quer- to seek, search quercin oak quint- fifth, five quota- how many rachi/o spinal column; vertebrae radi/o x-rays; radioactivity; radius (lateral lower arm bone) radicul/o nerve root re- back; again; backward
  • receptor, - ceptor receiver rect/o rectum ren/o kidney respir/o breath resuscit/o to revive reticul/o network retin/o retina retro- behind; back; backward rhabd/o rod rhabdomy/o striated (skeletal) muscle rhe/o flow, current, stream rheumat/o watery flow rhin/o nose rhiz/o root rhod/o red, rosy rhytid/o wrinkle roentgen/o x-rays rose/o rosy rot/o, rotat/o turn, revolve
  • rrhage bursting forth (of blood)
  • rrhagia bursting forth (of blood)
  • rrhaphy suture
  • rrhea flow; discharge
  • rrhexis rupture rhythm/o rhythm rubr/o, rubr/i red sacchar/o sugar sacr/o sacrum salping/o fallopian tube; auditory (eustachian) tube
  • salpinx fallopian tube; oviduct sangu/i blood sanit/a health sapr/o rotten, decay sarc/o flesh (connective tissue) scapul/o scapula; shoulder blade
  • schisis to split schist/o split, cleft schiz/o split sinistr/o left scint/i spark scirrh/o hard scler/o sclera (white of eye)
  • sclerosis hardening scolec/o worm scoli/o crooked; bent
  • scope instrument for visual examination
  • scopy visual examination scot/o darkness seb/o sebum sebace/o sebum sect/o to cut semi- half semin/i semen; seed
  • sepsis putrefaction seps/o infection sept/o partition ser/o serum, serous seven hepta-, sept-, septi- sial/o saliva sialaden/o salivary gland sider/o iron sigmoid/o sigmoid colon silic/o glass sinus/o sinus
  • sis state of; condition sit/o food six hex-, hexa-, sex- skelet/o skeleton
  • sol solution somat/o body
  • some body somn/o sleep
  • somnia sleep son/o sound
  • spadia to tear; cut span/o scanty, scarce
  • spasm sudden contraction of muscles

systol/o contraction tachy- fast tal/o talus tars/o tarsus; hindfoot or ankle tauto- identical, same tax/o order; coordination techn/o skill, art tel/o complete tele/o distant temp/o, tempor/o period of time, the temples ten deca- ten/o tendon tendin/o tendon

  • tension pressure tens/o stretched, strained tephr/o gray (ashen) terat/o monster; malformed fetus test/o testis tetan/o tetanus tetra- four thalam/o thalamus thalass/o sea thanat/o death the/o put; place thec/o sheath thel/o nipple therapeut/o treatment
  • therapy treatment therm/o heat thorac/o chest
  • thorax chest; pleural cavity three tri- thromb/o clot
  • tropia to turn thym/o thymus gland
  • thymia mind (condition of)
  • thymic pertaining to mind thyr/o thyroid gland; sheild thyroid/o thyroid gland tibi/o tibia (shin bone)
  • tic pertaining to toc/o labor; birth
  • tocia labor; birth (condition of)
  • tocin labor; birth (a substance for) tom/o to cut
  • tome instrument to cut
  • tomy process of cutting ton/o tension tone/o to stretch tonsill/o tonsil top/o place; position; location torso twisted tox/o poison toxic/o poison trache/o trachea (windpipe) trans- across; through traumat/o trauma, injury, wound

trem/o, tremul/o shaking, trembling

  • tresia opening tri- three trich/o hair trigon/o trigone (area within the bladder) tri/o to sort out, sorting
  • tripsy to crush troph/o nourishment; development
  • trophy nourishment; development (condition of)
  • tropia to turn
  • tropic turning
  • tropin stimulate; act on tub/o tube tumesc/o, - tumescence swelling tympan/o tympanic membrane (eardrum); middle ear
  • type classification; picture typhl/o cecum, blindness
  • ule little; small uln/o ulna (middle lower arm bone) ul/o scar, scarring ultra- beyond; excess
  • um structure; tissue; thing umbilic/o umbilicus (navel) ungu/o nail uni- one uran/o palate
  • uresis urination ur/o urine; urinary tract ureter/o ureter urethr/o urethra
  • uria urination; condition of urine uric/o urine condition urin/o urine
  • us structure; thing uter/o uterus (womb) uve/o uvea, vascular layer of eye (iris, choroid, ciliary body) uvul/o uvula vaccin/o vaccine vag/o vagus nerve vagin/o vagina valv/o valve valvul/o valve varic/o varicose veins vas/o vessel; duct; vas deferens vascul/o vessel (blood) ven/o vein ven/i vein vener/o venereal (sexual contact) ventil/o to aerate, oxygenate ventr/o belly side of body ventricul/o ventricle (of heart or brain) venul/o venule (small vein) verm/i worm verruc/i wart
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