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Radiography Core Review: 92 Q&A on X-Ray Principles and Safety, Exams of Medical Sciences

Lone Star Community College SystemMedical Sciences

A comprehensive review of key concepts in radiography, covering topics from x-ray tube components and function to radiation interactions and safety protocols. It includes questions and answers that test understanding of x-ray production, equipment operation, and radiation protection measures. This material is useful for students and professionals in radiology seeking to reinforce their knowledge and prepare for certification exams. A structured approach to learning and review, making it an effective tool for exam preparation and continuous professional development. It covers essential topics such as x-ray tube components, radiation interactions, and safety protocols, providing a solid foundation for understanding radiographic principles and practices. The question-and-answer format promotes active learning and knowledge retention, making it an effective resource for students and professionals alike.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 06/05/2025

Prof.Bradley
Prof.Bradley 🇺🇸

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LMRT Core Review| 92 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Where is the stator of the anode induction motor located?
ANSWER O/S the glass envelope& inside the rotor
2. The exposure switch is found between the
ANSWER Autotransformer & the timer circuit
3. The electrical device used to adjust the mA selection is a/an
ANSWER Variable resistor
4. The timer control is found b/w the
ANSWER Incoming line & the step-down transformer
5. The kVp control is found b/w the
ANSWER Incoming line & the exposure switch
6. All of the following are radiographer-operated controls EXCEPT
ANSWER Rotor speed
7. The key advantage of a curved-top radiographic table is the
ANSWER Smaller Object Image Distance (OID)
8. When using AEC at 80 kVp, b/u times
ANSWER Must not exceed 600 mAs
9. All of the following are XR tube support systems EXCEPT
ANSWER Fluoroscopic tower
10. Nearly all the types of XR equipment operate from an incoming line of
ANSWER -
210V
11. When full-wave rectification is applied to 3-phase current, a_ ripple is
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd

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LMRT Core Review| 92 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

  1. Where is the stator of the anode induction motor located? ANSWER O/S the glass envelope& inside the rotor
  2. The exposure switch is found between the ANSWER Autotransformer & the timer circuit
  3. The electrical device used to adjust the mA selection is a/an ANSWER Variable resistor
  4. The timer control is found b/w the ANSWER Incoming line & the step-down transformer
  5. The kVp control is found b/w the ANSWER Incoming line & the exposure switch
  6. All of the following are radiographer-operated controls EXCEPT ANSWER Rotor speed
  7. The key advantage of a curved-top radiographic table is the ANSWER Smaller Object Image Distance (OID)
  8. When using AEC at 80 kVp, b/u times ANSWER Must not exceed 600 mAs
  9. All of the following are XR tube support systems EXCEPT ANSWER Fluoroscopic tower
  10. Nearly all the types of XR equipment operate from an incoming line of ANSWER - 210V
  11. When full-wave rectification is applied to 3-phase current, a_ ripple is

2 / produced. ANSWER Voltage

  1. A 3-phase, rectified current produces a voltage ripple of_ pulses per Hz. ANSWER 6
  2. Ancillary equipment for titling tables includes ANSWER Handgrips
  3. All of the following are desired features radiographic tables EXCEPT ANSWER Low abrasion surface to lessen patient slippage as they transfer
  4. Automatic exposure control (AEC) technology determines ANSWER Exposure time
  5. When compared to battery-powered portable radiographic units, capacitor discharge mobile units ANSWER Have a tendency to produce leakage exposure after exposure termination
  6. All of the following are related except one. Select the one that is NOT RELATED. ANSWER Thermionic Emission
  7. All of the following are preferred cathode filament materials EXCEPT ANSWER Cop- per
  8. Filament materials are chosen primarily for their ANSWER High melting points
  9. Driving the thermionic cloud from the cathode to the anode requires ANSWER A small amperage
  10. In order to time the XR exposure w/rapid inspiration on an infant ANSWER 3-three phase generators are preferred

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  1. Melting of the anode commonly occurs ANSWER When the stator fails & the rotor ceases to turn
  2. Cracking of the anode typically occurs ANSWER When a cold anode is hit w/a high kVp exposure
  3. The area of the focal spot that is projected out of the tube toward the object being radiograph is the ANSWER Effective focal spot
  4. The actual focal spot is controlled by the ANSWER Length of the filament
  5. As the actual focal spot size increases, the effective focal spot size ANSWER In- creases
  6. As the angle of the anode increase & the incident electron beam size remains the same, the effective focal ANSWER Increases
  7. To cover a 14in. x 17ft field at 40ft, a_ -degree target angle is required ANSWER 12
  8. The rotor is located_ the stator &_ the envelope ANSWER inside; inside
  9. The protective housing controls leakage & scatter radiation through ANSWER Ab- sorption
  10. Insulation of the high-voltage components of the tube & absorption of the heat produced by XR production is achieved through the use of ANSWER Dielectric oil

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  1. What type of radiation is composed of photons not produced at the actual spot? ANSWER Primary
  2. When radiographing a wedge-shaped anatomical structure such as the femur, the thicker portion of the anatomy should be positioned ANSWER under cathode end of the tube
  3. Leakage radiation from the lead-lined housing must not exceed ANSWER 100 mR/hr measure at 1 meter
  4. Almost all the kinetic energy of the incident electrons is converted to ANSWER Heat
  5. What % of the target interaction results in the production of XR photons?- ANSWER 1%
  6. The transfer of the incident electrons' kinetic energy to the outer-shell electrons causing vibration of the outer-shell electrons results in the emission of ANSWER Infrared radiation
  7. The types of target interactions that occur in the productions of XR pho- tons in the diagnostic range are dependent upon the ANSWER Incident electron kinetic energy
  8. The energy of a brems photon is ANSWER The difference between the entering & exiting kinetic energy of the incoming electrons
  9. Brems interactions may occur only when the incident electrons interacts w ANSWER The force field around the nucleus

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  1. During a characteristic interaction, the kinetic energy of the incident elec- tron must be_ the electron it knocks from its orbit ANSWER Greater than that of
  2. The energy of a characteristic photon is ANSWER the difference between the binding energy of the outer & inner shells between which the electron dropped
  3. At the end of the characteristic cascade, the_ shell is missing an electron- ANSWER Outermost
  4. The K shell hold a maximum of_ electrons ANSWER 2
  5. If the peak kVp is 110, the average keV energy of the beam would be ANSWER 33-44 keV
  6. Electrons traveling from the cathode filament to the anode are called ANSWER Inci- dent electrons
  7. When comparing the XR emission spectrum between beams produced at 70 kVp & 110 kVp ANSWER The 110 Kvp beam would demonstrate more brems & a higher characteristic spike
  8. For the element molybdenum, the effective energy of characteristic inter- actions is ANSWER 18 keV
  9. When the XR emission spectra between single- & 3-phase generators are

8 / compared ANSWER 3-phase beams would have a higher average energy

  1. Ionizing radiations are classified as ANSWER Particulate & electromagnetic
  2. In air, alpha particles can travel ANSWER 5cm
  3. Beta Particles ANSWER Can travel 10-100 cm in air
  4. XR interactions w/ matter involves the transfer of energy from the ANSWER Photon to matter
  5. The indirect interaction of w/photon energy involves the absorption of radiation w/in a ANSWER water molecule
  6. For XR & gamma rays approximately_ of the biological effects on tissue are the results of indirect actions ANSWER 70%
  7. Biological effects of ionizing radiation include all of the following EXCEPT- ANSWER Bacterial infections
  8. Somatic effects of irradiation may become evident ANSWER in the exposed individual
  9. The quantity of XR or gamma rays required to produced a given amount of ionization in a unit mass of air defines the ANSWER Roentgen

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  1. When a single personnel monitoring device is worn, it should be worn at the ANSWER Collar level outside the lead apron
  2. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters ANSWER are precise w/low lev- el exposures.
  3. In CT scanning, the total amount of energy directed at matter is expressed as ANSWER Integral dose
  4. All of the following would be recorded on a radiation dosimetery reports EXCEPT ANSWER body mass index (BMI)
  5. Equivalent dose (HT,R) takes into acct ANSWER the absorbed dose & type of radiation
  6. All of the following are considered man-made sources of radiation expo- sure EXCEPT ANSWER radon gas exposure in new home construction
  7. Which of the following agencies is a regulatory agency responsible for protecting both the public & occupationally exposed individuals from the effects of ionizing radiation ANSWER NCRP
  8. When no threshold dose for radiation exists, the effect is known as ANSWER sto- chastic
  9. Radiation exposure limits applicable to the protection of radiation workers are known as_limits ANSWER dose

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  1. The annual effective dose limits for a 24 yr old radiographer to ionizing radiation is_rem ANSWER 50 mSv & 5 rem
  2. The annual effective dose limits for an individual in the general public for infrequent exposure to ionizing radiation is_ rem ANSWER 0.
  3. What is the cumulative dose limits for a 36 yr old radiation worker? ANSWER 360 mSv
  4. If the distance between the individual & the source of radiation is doubled, the exposure to the individual will be reduced by a factor of ANSWER 4
  5. For an individual to reduce exposure by a factor of 25, the distance be- tween the individual & source of ionizing radiation should ANSWER increase by a factor of 5
  6. Protective devices include all of the following EXCEPT ANSWER compensating bolus material
  7. Protective aprons & gloves are usually made lead-impregnated vinyl w/in the range of_ lead equivalency ANSWER 0.25-1.0 mm
  8. For fluoroscopic procedures with a kVp of 100 or more, the protective apron must possess a minimum of_ lead equivalent ANSWER 0.5 mm
  9. Proper XR beam collimation does all of the following EXCEPT ANSWER eliminate the need for gonadal shielding

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  1. The use of a radiographic grid when performing a femur radiograph will result in ANSWER an increase in patient dose
  2. Special gonadal shields should be employed any time the gonads are ANSWER - within 5 cm of the primary beam
  3. As the speed of the IR increases, patient dose ANSWER decreases
  4. The lenses of the eye will receive the greatest dose during which one of the following procedures? ANSWER AP skull
  5. A fetus is most radiosensitive during_ post-conception ANSWER 8-15 wks
  6. The concept of ALARA ANSWER necessarily requires a benefit vs risk assessment by the ordering physician
  7. All of the following would be effective structural protective barrier materi- als EXCEPT ANSWER Bakelite