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information systems (IS) ANSWER¥ V An automated system that uses computer hardware and software to record, manipulate, store, recover, and disseminate data (that is, a system that receives and processes input and provides output); often used inter-changeably with information technology (IT) systems development life cycle (SDLC) ANSWERV V A model used to represent the ongoing process of developing (or purchasing) information systems Informatics ANSWERV ¥ the science of information management.A field of study that focuses on the use of tech-nology to improve access to, and utilization of, information information management. ANSWERV ¥ The acquisition, organization, analysis, storage, retrieval, and dissemination of information to support decision-making activities Tlealthcare informatics ANSWERV V¥ the field of information science concerned with the management of all aspects of health data and information through the application of computers and computer technologies. The field of information science concerned with the management of all aspects of health data and information through the application of computers and computer technologies information science ANSWERV ¥ The study of the nature and principles of information. Applied healthcare informatics ANSWERV V Automated information systems applied to healthcare delivery business and work-flow processes, including the diagnosis, therapy, and systems of managing health data and information within the health-care setting clinical data repository ANS WERV V a component of the EHR that captures data. A central database that fo-cuses on clinical information. data types ANSWERV V A technical category of data (text, numbers, cur-rency, date, memo, and link data) that a field in a database can contain discrete data ANSWERV V Data that represent separate and distinct val-ues or observations; that is, data that contain only finite num-bers and have only specified values. Tree-text data ANS WERV ¥ Data that are narrative in nature structured data ANSWERV ¥ Binary, computer-readable data Diagnostic image data ANS WERV V¥ Bit-mapped images used for medi-cal or diagnostic purposes (for example. chest x-rays or com-puted tomography scans) bit-mapped data ANSWERV V Data made up of pixels displayed on a horizontal and vertical grid or matrix Real audio data ANSWERV ¥ sound bytes, such as digital heart sounds.The storing, manipulating, and displaying of sound in a computer-readable formatMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). [ealth Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. Motion or streaming video/frame data ANSWERV V cardiac catheterizations, consist of digital film attributes, such as fast forwarding.A medium for storing, manipulating, and displaying moving images in a format, such as frames, that can be presented on a computer monitorMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., ct al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour. K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Fichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. vector graphic ANSWERV ¥ Digital data that have been captured as points and are connected by lines (a se-ries of point coordinates) or areas (shapes bounded by lines)MLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts. Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. signal tracing data ANSWERV V created by saving lines plotted between a series of points, accounting for the familiar electrocardiograms (L-CGs), electroencephalograms (EEGs), and fetal heart rate (FHR) tracings. unstructured data ANSWERV ¥ Nonbinary, human-readable dataMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. multimedia ANSWERV ¥ The combination of free-text, raster or vector graphics, sound, and motion video/frame dataMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. speech recognition technology ANSWERV ¥ Technology that translates speech to text(MLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Fichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. Continuous speech input ANSWERV ¥ The quality of speech/voice rec-ognition technology that does not require users to pause be-tween words to allow the computer to distinguish between the beginnings and endings of wordsMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management CM and CPT evaluation and management codes for billing and coding purposesMLA 8th Ldition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts. Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. Text mining and data mining ANSWERV ¥ terms commonly used to describe the process of extracting and then quantifying and filtering free-text data and discrete data, respectively. The process of extracting and then quantifying and filtering free-text dataMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. electronic document/content management (ED/ CM) system ANSWERY ¥ any electronic system that manages an organization's analog and digital documents and content (that is, not just the data) to realize significant improvements in business work processes. storage solution based on digital scanning technology in which souree documents are scanned to create digital images of the documents that can be stored electronically on optical disksMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald. S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. Document imaging technology ANSWERV ¥ This technology electronically captures, stores, identifies, retrieves, and distributes documents that are not generated digitally or are generated digitally but are stored on paper for distribution purposes. The practice of electroni-cally scanning written or printed paper documents into an op-tical or electronic system for later retrieval of the document or parts of the document if parts have been indexedMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., ct al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AIIIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. document management technology ANSWER ¥ automatically organizes, assembles, secures, and shares documents.Technology that or-ganizes and assembles, secures, and shares documents, and includes such functions as document version control, check in-check out control, document access control, and text and word searchesMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AIIIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. Concepts, Principles, and Practi Electronic records management technology ANS WERV V includes components that must ensure the authenticity, security, and reliability of an organization's electronic records.Systems that create and preserve electronic recordsMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Lichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. Automated forms-processing (e-forms) technology ANS WERV V allows users to electronically enter data into online forms and electronically extract the data from the online forms for various data-manipulation purposes. Tech-nology that allows users to electronically enter data into on-line, digital forms and electronically extract data from online, digital forms for data collection or manipulationMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald. S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. Digital signature management technology ANSWERV ¥ offers both signer and document authentication for analog or digital documents. The practice of validating the identity of an individual sending data through the use of an electronic signatureMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. bar-coding technology ANSWERV V A method of encoding data that consists of parallel arrangements of dark clements, referred to as bars, and light elements, referred to as spaces, and in-terpreting the data for automatic identification and data col-lection purposesMLA 8th Ldition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts. Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. optical character recognition (OCR) technology ANSWERV V A method of encoding text from analog paper into bit-mapped images and translating the images into a form that is computer readableMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M.., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA. Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. intelligent character recognition (ICR) technology. ANSWER¥V V A meth-od of encoding handwritten, print, or cursive characters and of interpreting the characters as words or the intent of the write¢MLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, $., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts. Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. mark sense technology. ANSWERY ¥ Technology that detects the pres-ence or absence of hand-marked characters on analog docu-ments; used for processing questionnaires, surveys, and tests, such as [filled-in circles by Number 2 pencils on exam formsMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AIIIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Management Association, Eichenwald, $., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. Intelligent document recognition (IDR) technology ANSWERV ¥ Tech-nology that automatically recognizes analog items, such as tangible materials or documents, or recognizes characters or symbols from analog items, enabling the identified data to be quickly, accurately, and automatically entered into digital systemsMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc. )LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Iealth Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. master patient index (MPI), ANSWERY V A list or database created and maintained by a healthcare facility to record the name and identification number of every patient who has ever been ad-mitted or treated in the facilityMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. [lealth Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. Ath ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. : Vol. 4th ed. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practi AHIMA Press. enterprise master patient indexes (EMPIs). ANSWER¥ ¥ An index that provides access to multiple repositories of information from overlapping patient populations that are maintained in sepa- rate systems and databasesMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. identity management. ANSWERV V In the master patient index, policies and procedures that manage patient identity, such as prohibit-ing the same record number for duplicate patients or dupli-cate records for one patientMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AIIIMA Press. secure messaging systems ANS WERV V A system that eliminates the se-curity concerns that surround e-mail but retains the benefits of proactive, traceable, and personalized messagingMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHTMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Ilealth Information Management Association, Lichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. clinical messaging systems ANSWERV V Secure messaging systems that are important, pervasive tools included in a broad set of con-textual collaboration tools for clinicians MLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information s, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, 8., & Oac! Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Lichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. e-health ANSWERV ¥ The application of e-commerce to the healthcare industry, including electronic data interchange and links among healthcare entitiesMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. clinical workstation ANSWERV ¥ A single point of access that includes a common user interface to view information from disparate applications and to launch applicationsMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information. Management : Concepts. Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. web portal ANSWERV V A website entryway through which to access, find, and deliver informationMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th cd, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHTMA Press. clinician/physician web portals ANSWERV V The media for providing clinician/physician access to the provider organization's mul-tiple sources of data from any network-connecled device MLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, 8., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information. Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. patient/member web portals ANSWERV V The media for providing patient/member access to the provider organization's mul-tiple sources of data from any network-connected deviceMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. intranets ANSWERV Vv A private information network that is similar to the Intemet and whose servers are located inside a firewall or security barrier so that the general public cannot gain access to information housed within the networkMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S8., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. extranets ANS WERV V A system of connections of private Internet networks outside an organization's firewall that uses Internet technology to enable collaborative applications among enterprisesMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. open source technology ANSWERV ¥ Applications whose source (human-readable) code is freely available to anyone who is interested in downloading the codeMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AIIIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S.. & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. Data warehouses ANSWERV V A database that makes it possible to access data from multiple databases and combine the results into a single query and reporting interfaceMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. Data warehousing ANSWERV ¥ the acquisition of all the business data and information from potentially multiple, cross-platform sources, such as legacy databases, departmental databases, and online transaction-based databases, and then the warehouse storage of all the data in one consistent format. The acquisition of all the business data and information from potentially multiple, cross-platform sources, such as legacy databases, departmental databases, and online transaction-based databases, and then the ware-house storage of all the data in one consistent formatMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. object-oriented database ANSWERV V A type of database that uses commands that act as small, self-contained instructional units (objects) that may be combined in various waysMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. online/real-time transaction processing (OLTP). ANSWER¥V ¥ An opti-mized query generator that can retrieve the correct informa-tion from the warehouse to accommodate what-if queriesMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AHIMA Press. 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Eichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. online/real-time analytical processing (QLAP) ANSWERV ¥ The real-time processing of day-to-day business transactions from a databaseMLA 8th Edition (Modern Language Assoc.)LaTour, Kathleen M., et al. Health Information Management : Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Vol. 4th ed, AIIIMA Press, 2013.APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Assoc.)LaTour, K. M., American Health Information Management Association, Lichenwald, S., & Oachs, P. K. (2013). Health Information Management : Concepts. Principles, and Practice: Vol. 4th ed. AHIMA Press. metadata ANSWERV V Descriptive data that characterize other data to create a clearer understanding of their meaning and to achieve greater reliability and quality of 
