Mastering Microbiology Ch 4 Exam Questions And

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This activity will have you classify cellular features as prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Using

the terms listed below, fill in each boxes with a about whether that feature is prokaryotic

or eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells Single, looped chromosome, not contained within a

nuclear envelope Peptidoglycan-containing cell wall 70s ribosomes Flagella that rotate,

are made up of flagellin Eukaryotic cells

linear chromosomes enclosed within a nuclear envelopeCellulose or chitin-containing

cell wallFlagella that wave, composed of microtubulesGolgi

apparatusLysosomesMitochondria80s ribosomesEndoplasmic reticulum

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Membrane transport describes the processes by which solutes cross the plasma

membrane, but there are other structures of prokaryotic cells through which a solute

would pass as it moves into or out of the cell. In what order would a solute pass through

the following structures as it moves from the external environment into the cytoplasm of

a prokaryotic cell?.

External Environment capsule cell wall plasma membrane Cytoplasm

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In fact there is considerably more to the cell wall than it would seem from Figure 4.6.

There are two basic kinds of bacterial cell walls: Gram-positive cell walls, and

Gram-negative cell walls. These two cell wall-types can be differentiated by using a Gram

stain, which results in Grampositive bacteria staining a deep purple, and Gram-negative

organisms staining a pink or red. This difference in cell wall structure results in more

than just color differences when bacteria are Gramstained, however. It can, thus, be seen

that knowing the type of cell wall an organism has may allow one to predict other

characteristics about it. These include its sensitivity to certain antibiotics, its toxin

production, and its sensitivity to disruption by various environmental agents.

Understanding such differences begins with knowledge of the structural differences

between these two cell wall types.

Common structures will first be identified for all prokaryotic cells while others are

presented for only certain bacterial species or strains.

Which of the structures listed below are present in all bacterial cells? nucleoid ribosomes

cytoplasm plasma membrane