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Math Formula Cheat Sheet
Distance/Rate Problems
Distance) = ) (rate)(time)
Mnemonic: “DIRT”
D = Distance
R=Rate
T=Time
Average)Rate =Total)Distance)Traveled
Total)Time
*Important Formula
Graphing Formulas
Slope Formulas:
y = mx + b , m = slope and b = y-intercept
y2 – y1 = m(x2-x1) à m = 7897:
;89;:
Parallel lines: Slopes must be equal
Perpendicular lines: slopes will be negative
reciprocal (flipped)
Distance between two points = make a right
triangle and solve for the hypotenuse, or:
d = ) x=− x?=+ y=− y?=
Midpoint = average together the x values and
the y values, or:
m = [ x?+ x=
2,y?+ y=
2]
Conversions
K = °C +273 and °F = F
G°C +32
0°C =32°F and −40°C = −40°F
1 in = 2.54 cm
1 mile = 5280 ft
1 ft = 12 in
1 yard = 3 ft
1 m = 1.1 yd
1 kg = 2.2 lbs
1 lb = 454g = 16 ounces
Dilution Problems
𝐶?𝑉
?) = ) 𝐶=𝑉
=
C = Concentration, V = Volume
*Can use with any concentration unit
(Molarity, molality, % concentration)
Quadratic Equations
For any equation in the format:
𝑎𝑥=+𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0
𝑥 + 𝑦 == 𝑥=+ 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦=
𝑥 − 𝑦 == 𝑥=− 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦=
𝑥 + 𝑦 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 𝑥 =− 𝑦=
Exponent Rules
• (xa)(xb) = xa+b
• ;U
;V = xa-b
• (xa)b = xW×Y
• (xb)(yb) = (xy)b
• (;V
7V) = (;
7)b
Log Rules
• log (x) + log (y) = log (x ∙ y)
• log (x) – log (y) = log (;
7)
• loga(xb) = b ∙ logW(x)
• When solving a log problem,
remember:
o log x = b can be solved as x =
10b
Percent Increase/Decrease:
);8)–;:
;:×100% = percent change
Percent Increase/Decrease Word Problems
“of” = multiplication
“equal to” = equal sign
Example: 30% of 100 is equal to x
(0.30)(100) = x
