Download Thoracic Cavity Anatomy: Exam Q&A for Medical Students and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity!
MD3001 Thoracic Cavity Exam Questions
And 100% Correct Answers
What are the functions of body cavities? - Answer 1. Movement of organs
- Expansion/contraction of organs
- Compartmentalisation What are the 2 layers of pleura? - Answer 1. Visceral - organ
- Parietal - wall What does the pleura cover? - Answer 1. Lungs
- Diaphragm
- Thoracic wall Where does pleura reflect itself around? - Answer Root of lung What are the 4 parts of parietal pleura? - Answer 1. Costal
- Cervical
- Mediastinal
- Diaphragmatic What is the mediastinum enclosed by? - Answer 1. Right and left pleural sacs
- Sternum
- Costal cartilages
- Thoracic vertebrae
- Diaphragm
What is the mediastinum separated into? (4) - Answer Superior Inferior
- Anterior
- Middle
- Posterior Where is the superior mediastinum? - Answer portion of the mediastinal space superior to transverse plane of the sternal angle and extending upward to the superior thoracic aperture Where is inferior mediastinum? - Answer Inferior to the transverse plane through the sternal angle and the diaphragm Structures on the RIGHT of mediastinum - Answer 1. Superior vena cava
- Azygos arch
- Inferior vena cava Structures on the LEFT of mediastinum - Answer 1. Left common carotid artery
- Left subclavian artery
- Aortic arch
- Thoracic aorta Contents of middle mediastinum - Answer 1. Heart
- Pericardium
- Origins of aorta and pulmonary trunk
- Terminal parts of superior and inferior vena cava
- Pulmonary veins
- Phrenic nerves
What are the 2 sinuses of the pericardium? - Answer 1. Transverse pericardial sinus
- Oblique pericardial sinus
Location of transverse pericardial sinus - Answer - Posterior to ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
- Anterior to superior vena cava
Location of oblique pericardial sinus - Answer Surrounded by reflection of serous pericardium, right and left pulmonary veins and inferior vena cava
What are the fibres supplying the pericardium? - Answer 1. Sensory - phrenic
- Vasomotor
- Vagus: parasympathetic
- Splanchnic: sympathetic
What does the phrenic nerve supply? - Answer Motor: diaphragm
Sensory:
- Mediastinal parietal pleura
- Peritoneum & pleura related to central tendon of diaphragm
- Parietal pericardium
Pathway of RIGHT phrenic nerve - Answer 1. Descends over scalenus anterior muscle
- Enters between subclavian artery and vein into mediastinum
- Passes anterior to root of lung
- Lies between fibrous pericardium and parietal pleura
- Passes adjacent to superior vena cava
- Passes along inferior vena cava
- Passes through Caval opening
Supply diaphragm from INFERIOR surface
Pathway of LEFT phrenic nerve - Answer 1. Descends over scalenus anterior muscle
- Enters between subclavian artery and vein into mediastinum
- Passes anterior to root of lung
- Lies between fibrous pericardium and parietal pleura
- Crosses aortic arch, over left ventricle
Supply diaphragm from SUPERIOR surface
How does phrenic nerve allow referred pain? - Answer - Visceral sensory fibres allow pain detection
- Supraclavicular nerves (C3 & C4)
