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A comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts and equations governing the dynamics of mechanical pendulums. It covers the key aspects of pendulum motion, including the mathematical descriptions of the displacement, angular displacement, and the associated forces and moments. The document delves into the derivation of the differential equations of motion for various types of pendulums, such as the simple pendulum, the torsional pendulum, and the mass-spring pendulum. Additionally, it explores the concepts of potential and kinetic energy, as well as the work done by the restoring forces and the weight of the pendulum. This information is crucial for understanding the behavior and applications of mechanical pendulums in fields like physics, engineering, and applied mechanics.
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Pendule
Elastique De torsion simple pesant
Abscisse
Coordonnée cartésienne x
Abscisse angulaire θ
Abscisse angulaire θ
Abscisse angulaire θ Inertie La masse m
Le moment d’inertie J∆= 𝟏𝟏 𝒎𝒎 l 2 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
Le moment d’inertie J∆=m.l 2
Le moment d’inertie J∆= 𝟏𝟏 𝒎𝒎 l 2 𝟑𝟑 Force de rappel
Tension du ressort : Fx = - K.x
Moment de torsion MC = -Cθ
Moment de poids 𝐌𝐌∆(𝐏𝐏⃗⃗) = -m.gdsinθ
Moment de poids 𝐌𝐌∆(𝐏𝐏⃗⃗ ) = -m.gdsinθ
Equation différentiell e
𝒙𝒙𝒙 + 𝑲𝑲 𝒙𝒙 = 𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝒎 𝜽𝜽𝒙^ +^
𝑪𝑪 𝜽𝜽 = 𝟎𝟎 𝑱𝑱 (^) ∆
𝜽𝜽𝒙 +
𝒈𝒈 𝜽𝜽 = 𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒍
𝜽𝜽𝒙 +
𝒎𝒎𝒈𝒈𝒎𝒎 𝜽𝜽 = 𝟎𝟎 𝑱𝑱 (^) ∆
Equation horaire
x = Xmcos (ω 0 t + φ) θ(t) = θmcos( 𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟐 𝒕𝒕 + 𝝋𝝋) 𝑻𝑻 (^) 𝟎𝟎
(t) = θmcos( 𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟐 𝒕𝒕 + 𝝋𝝋) 𝑻𝑻 (^) 𝟎𝟎
(t) = θmcos( 𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟐 𝒕𝒕 + 𝝋𝝋) 𝑻𝑻 (^) 𝟎𝟎
La période T 0
2π √ 𝒎𝒎 𝑲𝑲
2π √ 𝑱𝑱 (^) ∆ 𝑪𝑪
2π √ 𝒍𝒍 𝒈𝒈
2π √ 𝑱𝑱∆ 𝒎𝒎𝒈𝒈𝒎𝒎
Travail de la force de rappel
2 𝑖𝑖^ 𝑓𝑓
1 .C.(𝜃𝜃^2 − 𝜃𝜃^2 ) 2 𝑖𝑖^ 𝑓𝑓^
W(𝑃𝑃⃗ )= m.g.l.(cosθi - cosθf)
W(𝑃𝑃⃗ ) = -m.g.𝑙𝑙^ .( cosθi - 2 cosθf)
Energie potentielle
Epe = 1 .K.x^2 + C 2 ΔEpe = -W(𝐹𝐹 )
Ept = 1 .C.θ^2 + C 2 ΔEpt = -W( M C )
Epp = m.g.l.(1-cosθ)
Epp = m.g.𝑙𝑙.(1-cosθ) 2
Energie cinétique
Ec = 1 2 .m.v 2 Ec^ =^
1 2 .J Δ^ .ω^2 Ec^ =^
1 2 .J Δ^ .ω^2 Ec^ =^
1 2 .JΔ^ .ω^2