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A comprehensive overview of key concepts and answers for med surg 2 exam 2, focusing on common conditions and disorders. It covers topics such as thyroid disorders, diabetes, and endocrine system abnormalities, offering valuable insights for nursing students preparing for their exams. Detailed explanations of symptoms, causes, and management strategies for various conditions, making it a valuable resource for understanding and retaining essential medical knowledge.
Typology: Exams
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HYPERthyroidism - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Intolerance to heat Fine Straight hair Bulging eyes Facial flushing Enlarged Thyroid Tachycardia High systolic Breast enlargement Weight loss Muscle wasting Localized edema Menstrual changes Tremors diarrhea Finger clubbing HYPOthyroidism - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Intolerance to cold Receding Hairline Facial & eyelid edema Extreme fatigue Thick tounge-slowspeech Anorexia
Brittle nails & hair Menstrual disturbances Muscle ache & weakness Constipation Hair loss Lethargy Dry skin Late manifestations -Subnormal Temp -Bradycardia -Weight gain -Thickened Skin -Decreased LOC Cushing's syndrome - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Personality changes Hyperglycemia Moon face CNS irritability NA & fluid retention Increased BP GI distress Thin extremities Thin skin Dependent edema Susceptibility to infection
Sex-Androgens Type 1 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Polyuria Polydipsia (increased thirst) Polyphagia (increased hunger) Weight loss Fatigue Increased infections Rapid onset Insulin dependent Familial tendency Peak from 10-15 years of age Hyperglycemia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Hot & dry= Sugar high Hypoglycemia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Cold & clammy= Need some candy Hypoglycemia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔T Tachycardia I Irritability R Restless E Excessive hunger D Diaphoresis Depression Inability to concentrate, headache, confusion, memory lapses, slurred speech, drowsiness.
Type 1 Diabetes defintion - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-Insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas are destroyed by a combination of genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors -Results in decreased insulin production, unchecked glucose production by the liver and fasting hyperglycemia -Affects 5% of adults with diabetes Type 2 Diabetes definition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-Insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion -Affects 95% of adults with diabetes, onset over age 30 years, increasing in children r/t obesity -Slow, progressive glucose intolerance and may go undetected for years Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults (LADA) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Subtype of diabetes in which progression of autoimmune beta cell destruction in the pancreas is slower than in types 1 and 2 diabetes Not insulin dependent in the initial 6 months of disease onset. -Clinical manifestation of LADA shares the features of types 1 and 2 diabetes -Emerging subtype has led some to propose the diabetes classification scheme should be revised to reflect changes in the beta cells in the pancreas Management of Hypoglycemia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Give 15 g of fast- acting, concentrated carbohydrate Three or four glucose tablets 4 to 6 oz of juice or regular soda (not diet soda) Retest blood glucose in 15 minutes; retreat if >70 mg/dL or if symptoms persist more than 10 to 15 minutes and testing is not possible
Very long acting: "Peakless" Glargine (Lantus) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔• Onset- 1 hour
Dysmenorrhea- cramps Amenorrhea- no period abnormal uterine bleeding:
Hyperparathyroidism - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Overproduction of parathormone by the parathyroid glands and is characterized by bone decalcification and the development of renal calculi containing calcium Increase calcium Hyperparathyroidism manifestations - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Have no symptoms or may experience s/s resulting from involvement of several body systems. Apathy, fatigue, muscle weakness, N/V, constipation, hypertension, and cardiac dysrhythmias.
