Answers
BRIDGE TO NGLEX EXAMINATION
1. The key anatomic landmark that separates the upper respiratory tract from the lower
respiratory tract is the
carina.
larynx.
trachea.
epiglottis.
2. A patient asks, "How does air get into my lungs?" The nurse bases their answer on
knowledge that air moves into the lungs because of
positive intrathoracic pressure.
contraction of the accessory abdominal muscles.
stimulation of the respiratory muscles by the chemoreceptors.
a decrease in intrathoracic pressure from an increase in thoracic cavity size.
3. The nurse can best determine adequate arterial oxygenation of the blood by assessing
heart rate.
hemoglobin level.
arterial oxygen partial pressure.
arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure.
6. To detect early signs or symptoms of inadequate oxygen-ation, the nurse would examine
the patient for
dyspnea and hypotension.
apprehension and restlessness.
cyanosis and cool, clammy skin.
increased urine output and diaphoresis.
7. During the respiratory assessment of an older adult, the nurse would expect to find
(select all that apply)
a vigorous reflex cough.
increased chest expansion.
increased residual volume.
decreased lung sounds at base of lungs.
increased anteroposterior (AP) chest diameter.
