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Medication Aide 2023- Texas Questions With
Correct Answers.
PRN - ANSWER- as needed, whenever necessary MAR - ANSWER- Medication Administration Records CSA - ANSWER- Controlled Substances Act of 1970 ADME - ANSWER- absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion After drug is administered it goes thru how many stages - ANSWER- 4 Aersols - ANSWER- Fine spray or mist (Nebulizer) Drops - ANSWER- a very small amount of liquid, given by dropper. Elixir - ANSWER- Clear, flavored contains alcohol Spray - ANSWER- a liquid pushed through the air in tiny drops; may be sprayed into the nose Solution - ANSWER- Solid, liquid, gas dissolved in a liquid Suspension - ANSWER- Liquid mixture containing drug particles that are NOT completely dissolved must be shaken or stirred Syrup - ANSWER- a medication in a solution of sugar (or other sweetener) and water Tincture - ANSWER- an extract, usually of a plant material, dissolved in alcohol. Tablets - ANSWER- Formed by being pressed, scored in the middle Enteric- Coated tablets - ANSWER- Covered in film to protect it from stomach acid. Meant to pass THRU the stomach. Should NEVER BE CRUSHED OR BROKEN Film- Coated tablets - ANSWER- Coated with a thin film to mask an undesirable taste for easier swallowing Caplets - ANSWER- Are oblong or oval, smoother finish making them easy to swallow Chewable tablets - ANSWER- Designed to be chewed before swallowing
Oral disintegrating tablets - ANSWER- Dissolve in the mouth and DO NOT NEED TO BE CHEWS OR TAKEN WITH WATER Sublingual (SL) tablets - ANSWER- Placed under the tongue Buccal tablets - ANSWER- Designed to pass by digestive system, absorb thru the lining of the mouth for RAPID drug release. (Cheek) Effervescent tablets - ANSWER- Release bubbles of carbon dioxide gas when dropped in water. Capsules - ANSWER- Are made of a hard or soft gelatin that breaks a apart or dissolves in the stomach Lozenges - ANSWER- Similar in texture to hard candy, release when dissolved in the mouth Troches - ANSWER- Related to lozenges may have hard or gummy consistency Controlled release (CR), (sustained release, extended release or long acting) - ANSWER- Products are designed for continuous release of a drug over time Semisolid medications - ANSWER- May be soft and squishy Topical - ANSWER- Drugs that are applied to a body surface Ointments - ANSWER- Are fairly THICK and greasy Creams - ANSWER- Are thinner contain soothing or moisturizing ingredients Lotions - ANSWER- Are thinner creams Pastes - ANSWER- Are THICK and STIFF, non greasy Suppositories - ANSWER- Drug mixed with a waxy substance then pressed in a small round cone shape (rectal, vaginal) Liniments - ANSWER- Maybe SEMISOLID or liquid, prepared with oil and contain pain relieving medications that are rubbed on the skin Patches - ANSWER- Stick to patients skin, contain a semisolid or liquid form of medication that is ABSORBED through the skin then enters the blood stream Prescription drugs - ANSWER- Medicines that are safe and effective under a doctors care, must be ordered or prescribed
SOB - ANSWER- shortness of breath t.i.d - ANSWER- three times a day TPR - ANSWER- temperature, pulse, respiration v.s, VS - ANSWER- Vital signs Route of administration is - ANSWER- The path that gets a drug into the body Oral route - ANSWER- Most common route of administration; convenient ,easy to administer.( liquids, tablets, capsules) Parenteral routes - ANSWER- Quickly absorbed or given in high dose in specific area (injections) Intradermal - ANSWER- Just under the outer layer of the skin (tuberculosis test) Subcutaneous - ANSWER- Injections given under the skin in the fat layer above the muscle, given in abdomen or thigh Intramuscular - ANSWER- Injections are given in the muscle, upper arm or thigh Intravenous - ANSWER- Injections are made straight into a persons vein QUICKLY REACHING BLOOD STREAM Rectal route - ANSWER- inserted into the rectum Vaginal route - ANSWER- inserted into the vagina Ocular route (optic) - ANSWER- Administered in the eye Otic route - ANSWER- administered in the ear Nasal route - ANSWER- Delivered in spray Inhalation route - ANSWER- inhaled through the nose or mouth Topical route - ANSWER- involves applying a drug to the skin or mucous membranes. Transdermal route - ANSWER- delivers the drug through a patch on the skin Accumulation - ANSWER- Drug build up in a persons body, can not process the medication as quickly as given. Can cause UNWANTED SIDE EFFECTS
Different ways medication can be ordered - ANSWER- Written, sent via fax, or verbal order stat orders - ANSWER- To be administered immediately Medication order must include - ANSWER- Identifies resident, physician, date & sign a paper order, patients address, DEA number, drug name, strength, dosage, directions for use, refills DEA number - ANSWER- A number assigned by the Drug Enforcement Administration Each time a med is given the MA must confirm - ANSWER- Right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time All medications administered to residents are recorded on each residents? - ANSWER- MAR - medication administration record, must be documented How many people need to be present every time a count takes place? - ANSWER- 2 the one ending shift and the one starting shift Normal pulse rate is - ANSWER- 60-100 beats per minute Normal respiration rate - ANSWER- 12-20 respirations per minute Normal blood pressure - ANSWER- 120/ anaphylactic reaction - ANSWER- Person develops an allergy to a medication, often an antibiotic. Edema - ANSWER- Swelling Hypertensive emergency - ANSWER- Higher than 180/ 60 gtt - ANSWER- 1 tsp 1 tsp - ANSWER- 5 mL 1 tbsp - ANSWER- 15 mL 1 fl oz - ANSWER- 30 mL 1 C - ANSWER- 240 mL 1 pt - ANSWER- 480 mL 1 qt - ANSWER- 960 mL
Dependence - ANSWER- Occurs when the body does not function normally when the drug is not in the system Addiction - ANSWER- Is a serious medical condition that takes place when repeated use of a certain substance causes a change in brain activity Drug- disease interaction - ANSWER- The process of a drug working in the body Drug- drug interaction - ANSWER- Type of interaction involves the administration of different drugs to the same patient Acetaminophen - ANSWER- Tylenol (analgesic) Drug- nutrient interaction - ANSWER- Food, drink or dietary supplements can alter the effects of certain drugs Warfin (Coumadin) - ANSWER- Blood thinner How many times do you do a safety check? - ANSWER- 3 eMAR - ANSWER- electronic medication administration record Inhalers should be - ANSWER- Shaken vigorously for 5 seconds If more than one inhalation is ordered how long do you wait to give the other? - ANSWER- 1 minute and shake again before given for suppositories patient should be at what position - ANSWER- Sims position For vaginal suppository at what position should patient be at - ANSWER- Dorsal recumbent position OTC (over the counter) - ANSWER- Non prescription drugs FDA - ANSWER- Food and Drug Administration What is the largest organ and system in the body? - ANSWER- Skin penicillin and cephalosporin(oral) - ANSWER- Are classes of antibiotics most often used to treat cellulitis Antibiotics - ANSWER- Clindamycin, trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole(bactrim) amoxicillin Malathion(ovide) Permethrin(Nix or elimite) and benzyl alcohol - ANSWER- Topical treatment for lice and scabies
antibiotic ointments(topical) - ANSWER- Mupirocin(bactroban), bacitracin, neomycin, polymyxin B Allopurinol (Zyloprim) - ANSWER- Used for gout reduce level of uric acid Colchicine (Colcrys) - ANSWER- Anti-gout drug Bisphosphonates: fosmax(alendronate), actonel(risedronate) strengthen bones - ANSWER- Osteoporosis Antieplieptic drugs also known as anticonvulsant, or anti-seizure - ANSWER- Work by increasing calming chemicals in the brain or decrease chemicals in the brain that excite the nervous system Antiepileptic drugs - ANSWER- Lorazepam(Ativan, diazepam(Valium), divalproex sodium(depakote), carbamazepine(tegretol) Baclofen (Lioresal)is used for - ANSWER- Relieving muscle spasms Drugs for Parkinson's Disease include - ANSWER- Dopamine replacements such as carbidopa/levodopa(sinemet) Cholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil(aricept) and rivastigmine(exelon) may be prescribed to treat the symptoms of? - ANSWER- Alzheimer's disease SNRI - ANSWER- serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor Duloxetine (Cymbalta)and venlafaxine(Effexor) - ANSWER- Examples of SNRIs Opioid medications examples - ANSWER- Hydrocodone, hydromorphone, morphine, oxycodone, tramadol and fentanyl Psychotropic medications are - ANSWER- Drugs used to treat mental health conditions Anxiolytics drugs - ANSWER- Reduce anxiety examples of anxiolytic drugs - ANSWER- Fluoxetine(Prozac), paroxetine(Paxil), sertraline(Zoloft) Benzodiazepines examples - ANSWER- Alprazolam (Xanax) Diazepam (Valium) Lorazepam (Ativan) Tricylic Antidepressants examples - ANSWER- Amitriptyline(Elavil), doxepine(silenor) nortriptyline(pamelor)
Short acting bronchodilators med examples - ANSWER- Iprateopium bromide, ipratropium bromide/albuterol long acting bronchodilators med examples - ANSWER- Tiotropium(spiriva), salmeterol(serevent)
