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Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction: Understanding the Process of Producing Haploid Cells, Quizzes of Human Biology

Oakland Community CollegeHuman Biology

Definitions and terms related to meiosis and sexual reproduction. Learn about the role of meiosis in producing haploid cells, the differences between meiosis and mitosis, and the significance of homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids in the process.

Typology: Quizzes

2012/2013

Uploaded on 03/23/2013

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TERM 1
What does sexual reproduction depend on?
DEFINITION 1
meiosis
TERM 2
What is meiosis?
DEFINITION 2
a type of cell division that produces four cells, ech with half
the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
TERM 3
How many cells do meiosis produce?
DEFINITION 3
4- each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent
cell.
TERM 4
Where does meiosis take place in animals?
DEFINITION 4
in the sex organs
TERM 5
Where does meiosis take place in the sex
organs?
DEFINITION 5
Testes in males and ovaries in females
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Download Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction: Understanding the Process of Producing Haploid Cells and more Quizzes Human Biology in PDF only on Docsity!

What does sexual reproduction depend on?

meiosis

TERM 2

What is meiosis?

DEFINITION 2

a type of cell division that produces four cells, ech with half

the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

TERM 3

How many cells do meiosis produce?

DEFINITION 3

4- each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent

cell.

TERM 4

Where does meiosis take place in animals?

DEFINITION 4

in the sex organs

TERM 5

Where does meiosis take place in the sex

organs?

DEFINITION 5

Testes in males and ovaries in females

Do almost all cells have the same number

and types of chromosomes?

yes

TERM 7

How many chromosomes does a human

have?

DEFINITION 7

46 chromosomes - 23 from Mother and 23 from father = 46

chromosomes

TERM 8

What is a karyotype?

DEFINITION 8

a display of 46 chromosomes that an individual human has

TERM 9

Each chromosome has a twin that resembles

it in size and shape?

DEFINITION 9

True

TERM 10

You inherit one chromosome of EACH PAIR

from your mother and the other PAIR from

your father?

DEFINITION 10

True

What is the male chromosomes?

One X and one Y

TERM 17

What is the female chromosomes?

DEFINITION 17

Two Y's

TERM 18

All human cells are diploid?

DEFINITION 18

Yes

TERM 19

What is diploid?

DEFINITION 19

Contains two homologous sets of chromosomes

TERM 20

What is the 46 chromosomes in humans

referred to as?

DEFINITION 20

Diploid Number (2n, as in 2n = 46)

What is a gamete?

Sex cells ( egg and sperm)

TERM 22

How many sets of chromosomes do gametes

have?

DEFINITION 22

single SET of chromosomes, one from each homologous pair.

TERM 23

What is a haploid?

DEFINITION 23

A cell with a SINGLE SET of chromosomes

TERM 24

What is the haploid number?

DEFINITION 24

23= SINGLE SET

TERM 25

How many chromosomes are in a SINGLE

SET?

DEFINITION 25

23 chromosomes

Is a zygote a diploid or haploid?

Diploid

TERM 32

How many sets of chromosomes does a

zygote have?

DEFINITION 32

Two homologous sets of chromosomes- one from each

parent.

TERM 33

The zygote develops into sexually mature

adult with trillions of cells produced by

MITOSIS?

DEFINITION 33

True

TERM 34

As a result of altering fertilization and meiosis

life cycles of all sexually reproducing

organisms involve alternating?

DEFINITION 34

diploid and haploid stages

TERM 35

What keeps the number of chromosomes

from doubling in every generation?

DEFINITION 35

Producing haploid gametes by meiosis

The alternation of meiosis and fertilization

keeps the number of chromosomes in a

species?

the SAME from generation to generation.

TERM 37

What type of cell does meiosis produce?

DEFINITION 37

haploid daughter cells from specialized cells in diploid

organisms.

TERM 38

What are the 2 ways meiosis is different from

mitosis?

DEFINITION 38

2 Ways- meiosis produces 4 new offspring cells each with

ONE SET of chromosomesMitosis produces 2 offspring cells

each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent

cell AND the exchange of genetic material between

chromosomes Meiosis involves

TERM 39

Which cycle involves the exchange of genetic

material?

DEFINITION 39

Meiosis

TERM 40

What is a homologous chromosome?

DEFINITION 40

ONE of the MATCHING PAIR of chromosomes, one inherited

from each parent

What phase in meiosis do sister chromatids in

the tetrad exchange genetic material in

"crossing over?

Prophase I

TERM 47

What phase of meiosis do the tetrads move to

the middle of the cell and line up across the

spindle?

DEFINITION 47

Metaphase I

TERM 48

What phase in Meiosis do the chromosomes

separate?

DEFINITION 48

Anaphase I

TERM 49

What phase in Meiosis do the chromosomes

migrate to the opposite pole of the spindle?

DEFINITION 49

Anaphase I

TERM 50

In what phase of Meiosis do chromosomes

arrive at each pole?

DEFINITION 50

Telephase I

When does cytokinesis occur?

With Telephase I

TERM 52

How many haploid daughter cells does

cytokinesis form?

DEFINITION 52

Two

TERM 53

In what phase of Meiosis does each daughter

cells form spindles and attache to centemers?

DEFINITION 53

Prophase II

TERM 54

What phase in Meiosis do chromosomes line

up in the middle of the cell with microtubes

attached?

DEFINITION 54

Metaphase II

TERM 55

What phase in Meiosis do sister chromatids

separate and move to opposite poles?

DEFINITION 55

Anaphase II

What does Monosomy mean?

One MISSING chromosome

TERM 62

What does Triploidy mean?

DEFINITION 62

An EXTRA SET of chromosomes = 3

TERM 63

Triosomy 21?

DEFINITION 63

a condition where you have 3 number 21 chromosomes

resulting in Down Syndrome

TERM 64

What is sexual reproduction?

DEFINITION 64

a process which genetic material from two parents combine

and produce offspring that differ genetically from either

parent

TERM 65

What is fertilization?

DEFINITION 65

the fusion of the nuclei and cytoplasm of a haploid sperm cell

and a haploid egg cell- forming a diploid gamete

What is a gamete?

an egg or sprem that contains a single SET of chromosomes

TERM 67

What does the female gamete

provide?

DEFINITION 67

Egg

TERM 68

What does the male gamete

provide?

DEFINITION 68

Sperm

TERM 69

The male(sperm) and female (egg) gametes

are?

DEFINITION 69

Haploids= have a single set of chromosomes

TERM 70

What is a zygote?

DEFINITION 70

a diploid cell or a haploid sperm cell that fuses whith a

haploid egg cell

What is a gamete?

Egg or sperm that contains a single set of chromosomes

TERM 77

How many sets of chromosomes do humans

have?

DEFINITION 77

two sets of 23 chromosomes = 46 chromosomes