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Name____________________________________________________________Date ______
Meiosis Worksheet
Identifying Processes On the lines provided, order the different stages of meiosis I THROUGH meiosis II, including interphase in the proper sequence.
1. _____________ homologous chromosome line up in the center of the cell 2. ______________ spindle fibers pull homologous pairs to ends of the cell 3. _____________ 4 haploid (N) daughter cells form 4. _____________ cells undergo a round of DNA replication 5. ______________ sister chromatids separate from each other 6. _____________ 2 haploid (N) daughter cells form 7. ______________ spindle fibers attach to the homologous chromosome pairs 8. _____________ individual chromatids move to each end of the cell 9. ______________ crossing-over (if any) occurs
Short Answer
10. Compare the number and type of cells that result from meiosis vs. mitosis. 11. How do the genetic contents of cells resulting from mitosis and meiosis differ? 12. Comparing and Contrasting Describe a similarity and a difference between meiosis I and meiosis II.
13 Applying Concepts If a diploid cell containing 28 chromosomes undergoes meiosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?
14 Compare and Contrast: How are mitosis and meiosis similar and different?
Read each statement, and then on the line write down the phase of mitosis or meiosis that the action occurs. IF the action occurs in both, write both. The first one is done for you
1. metaphase I meiosis ___________________ homologous chromosome line up in the center of the cell 2 ________________________________________ The individual chromosomes move apart. 3. ________________________________________ spindle fibers pull homologous pairs to ends of the cell 4. _______________________________________ 4 haploid (N) daughter cells form 5. _______________________________________ cells undergo a round of DNA replication 6. _______________________________________ The chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell. 7. _______________________________________ Chromosomes become visible. 8. ________________________________________ sister chromatids separate from each other 9. _______________________________________ 2 haploid (N) daughter cells form 10. ______________________________________ Sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes. 11. ______________________________________ Nuclear envelope re-forms. 12. _______________________________________ spindle fibers attach to the homologous chromosome pairs 13. ______________________________________ individual chromatids move to each end of the cell 14. ______________________________________ The nucleolus disappears and the nuclear envelope beaks down. 15. ______________________________________ Each chromosome is connected to a spindle fiber. 16. _______________________________________ crossing-over (if any) occurs
VOCABULARY:
_____1. Asexual reproduction _____2. Asters _____3. Cell cycle _____4. Cell plate _____5. Centromere _____6. Chiasma _____7. Chromatid _____8. Chromatin _____9. Chromosomes _____10. Clone _____11. Crossing over _____12. Cytokinesis _____13. Diploid _____14. Fertilization _____15. Gamete _____16. Haploid _____17. Interphase _____18. Karyotype _____19. Kinetochore _____20. Meiosis _____21. Metaphase _____22. Mitosis _____23. Prophase _____24. S phase _____25. Sexual reproduction _____26. Spindle _____27. Synapsis _____28. Telophase _____29. Tetrad _____30. Zygote
A. Division of the cell nucleus, results in two daughter nuclei, each have the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus. B. One two identical halves of a duplicated chromosome C. Clusters of microtubules radiating out from the poles in dividing cells. They are present in animal cells, but not in the cells of flowering plants and most gymnosperms. D. The breaking and rejoining of homologous (non sister) chromatids during early meiotic prophase I, resulting in an exchange of genetic material. E. The 2n cell that results from the union of n gametes in sexual reproduction. Species that are not polyploidy have haploid gametes and diploid zygotes. F. The stage of mitosis, and of meiosis I and II, in which the chromosomes line up on the equatorial plane of the cell. G. The condition of having one set of chromosomes per nucleus. H. The complex of DNA, proteins and some RNA that makes up eukaryotic chromosomes. I. Structures in the cell nucleus, composed of chromatin and containing the genes J. Cyclic series of events in the life of a dividing eukaryotic cell; consists of stages of interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis K. The first stage of mitosis, and of meiosis I and II; chromosomes become visible as distinct structures, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and a spindle forms L. An X-shaped site in a tetrad marking the location where homologous chromatids previously underwent crossing over M. A sex cell; in plants and animals, an egg or sperm. N. Type of reproduction in which two gametes (usually, but not necessarily, contributed by two different parents) fuse to form a zygote. O. The chromosomal constitution of an individual; generally prepared by photographing the chromosomes and arranging the homologous pairs according to size, centromere position and pattern of bands. P. Structure consisting mainly of microtubules that provides the framework for chromosome movement during cell division Q. Process in which a 2n cell undergoes two successive nuclear divisions, potentially producing four nuclei; leads to the formation of gametes in animals and spores in plants. R. A type of reproduction involving only one parent (genetically identical offspring.) S. Stage of the cell cycle between successive mitotic divisions; Its subdivisions are the G 1 (first gap), S (DNA synthesis) and G 2 (second gap) phases. T. Stage in interphase of the cell cycle during which DNA and other chromosomal constituents are synthesized. U. Chromosome complex formed by the synapsis of homologous chromosomes during meiotic prophase I. V. A population of cells descended by mitotic division from a single ancestral cell, or a population of genetically identical organisms asexually propagated from a single individual. W. The condition of having two sets of chromosomes per nucleus. X. Stage of cell division in which the cytoplasm is divided to form two daughter cells. Y. Portion of the chromosome centromere to which the mitotic spindle fibers attach. Z. The process of physical association of homologous chromosomes during prophase I AA. The structure that forms during cytokinesis in plants, separating the two daughter cells produced by mitosis. BB. Fusion of n gametes; results in the formation of a 2n zygote. CC. Specialized constricted region of a chromatid; contains the kinetochore. In cells at prophase and metaphase, sister chromatids are joined in the vicinity of their centromeres. DD. The last stage of mitosis, and of meiosis I and II, when, having reached the poles, chromosomes become decondensed, and a nuclear envelope forms around each group.
- Asexually reproducing organisms produce offspring that are genetically identical to each other and to the parents. What type of cell division are the offspring a product of? a. mitosis b. meiosis c. binary fission d. fertilization
- At which stage of meiosis do chromatids separate and become daughter chromosomes? a. metaphase I b. anaphase I c. metaphase II d. anaphase II e. telophase II
- The process in which haploid gametes are formed in diploid organisms is called: a. cytokinesis b. interphase c. meiosis d. mitosis e. nuclear division
- Which of the following correctly ranks nucleic acid structures in order of size, from smallest to largest? a. chromosome, nucleotide, gene, codon b. nucleotide, codon, gene, chromosome c. chromosome, gene, codon, nucleotide d. codon, nucleotide, chromosome gene
- A human cell containing 44 autosomes and two X chromosomes is... a. a somatic cell of a male b. a zygote c. a somatic cell of a female d. a sperm cell e. an ovum
- Independent assortment is one of the factors that contributes to genetic diversity. Independent assortment is associated with which stage of meiosis? a. anaphase I b. prophase I c. metaphase I d. anaphase II e. metaphase II
- The fertilized egg (zygote) of a human contains how many chromosomes? a. 1 b. 22 c. 46 d. 23 e. 48
- Which cells of the human body are made through the process of meiosis? a. gametes b. somatic cells c. all cells of the body d. X and Y chromosomes e. autosomes
- A _____________ is the complete set of chromosomes of an organism, arranged and displayed in pairs and ordered by size. (Select the BEST answer.) a. genome b. karyotype c. nucleus d. heredity e. gene
- Which 2 cells would be more genetically similar to each other? a. two gametes produced by the same person b. two somatic cells produced by the same person c. two eggs produced by the same woman d. two sperm produced by the same man
- If a diploid organism has a genome consisting of 22 chromosomes, its gametes will have _____ chromosomes. a. 44 b. 11 c. 22 d. 88 e. 19
- When does DNA replication occur during meiosis? a. interphase I b. prophase I c. interphase II d. prophase II e. interphase I and II
- The term 'synapsis' is associated with which process? a. crossing over b. independent assortment c. mitosis d. anaphase e. fertilization
