Download Sex Reproduction and Chromosomes: Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction and Determination of Sex and more Quizzes Cell Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
Define Asexual Reproduction and give
examples
creation of individuals without gametes (sperm/eggs) Involves 1 parent ex) bacteria, unicellular eukaryotes, invertebrates (earthworms) TERM 2
Define Sexual Reproduction and give
examples
DEFINITION 2 creation of individuals with gametes involves 2 parents; male & female ex) humans, animals TERM 3
Define a hermaphrodite
DEFINITION 3 individual containing both male and female sex organs ex) earthworm TERM 4
What are advantages of sexual reprod?
DEFINITION 4 new genotypes are made ^'s genetic variability = ^ in survival diversity prevents extinction TERM 5
What are disadvantages of sexual reprod?
DEFINITION 5 more complicated b/c 2 partners are needed sex requires time and energy
What chromosomes are sex chromosomes?
X & Y
TERM 7
What are body chromosomes referred to as?
DEFINITION 7 autosomal chromosomes/autosomes TERM 8
What sex chrom's do males have?
DEFINITION 8 XY TERM 9
What sex chrom's do females
have?
DEFINITION 9 XX TERM 10
What is the male:female?
DEFINITION 10 1:
What is MIF and what produces it?
Mullerian-inhibiting factor excreted by the testes and degenerates female reproductive ducts TERM 17
How do females
develop?
DEFINITION 17 development occurs in the absence of testosterone and MIF the X chrom. expresses ovary-determining genes that repress testicular development females are the default sex TERM 18
How do animals and insects determine sex?
DEFINITION 18 the # of chrom's or environmental temperature can determine sex ex) in turtles, lower temps promote male development TERM 19
What is sex linkage and who investigated it?
DEFINITION 19 traits that are specified by genes located on the chromosomes Hunt Morgan TERM 20
Is sex linkage always X linked?
DEFINITION 20 no but most are ex) SRY gene is Y linked
What is the shorthand for sex linkage? give
ex)
draw the chrom. with a superscript indicating the mutant allele (gene) ex) a male is color blind, where h=color blind, his genotype will be: TERM 22
What organism is studied in sex linkage
research and why?
DEFINITION 22 Fruit flies- Drosophila melanogaster used because they have a short development time TERM 23
What is the normal wild-type eye color in fruit
flies? how would be label it?
DEFINITION 23 red "w+" TERM 24
What is the mutant eye color in fruit flies?
how would we label it?
DEFINITION 24 mutant white-eyed male "w" TERM 25
From Morgan's experiments, what did he
conclude?
DEFINITION 25 the white gene for eye color was X-linked the Y chrom did not carry the gene males only have 1 X, therefore, they inherit the white gene from their mother
