Download Mental Health Nursing- Medications Exam Questions And Accurate Answers. and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
Mental Health Nursing- Medications Exam
Questions And Accurate Answers
Benzodiazepines - answer Main type of anti-anxiety medication. Relieves symptoms of anxiety-related disorders quickly. Most popular ones: *Clonazepam (Klonopin) *Alprazolam (Xanax) *Diazepam (Valium) *Lorazepam (Ativan) All addictive. For short term use only. DO NOT STOP ABRUPTLY, patients must be weaned off these meds or they will have SEIZURES. Buspirone (BuSpar) - answer Secondary type of Anti-Anxiety med. NOT A BENZO! This med does NOT give the tranquilizer effect that the benzodiazepines do. BuSpar's action is unknown. *Takes 2 weeks to take effect *Side effects are slurred speech and dizziness Beta Blockers - answer Another type of anti-anxiety medication. Not a benzo. USED PRN. PROPRANOLOL (Inderal) (common one) *Typically used to treat heart conditions and hypertension, but sometimes used to control "performance anxiety" CHECK PATIENT'S BP and PULSE before administering Antidepressants - answer Not uppers *6-8 weeks to take effect, continued for 6-12 months (or more)
THREE main groups of antidepressants: 1.Tricyclic 2.Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) MY FAVE!!!!!!!!! 3.Selective Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) Tricyclic Antidepressants - answer * Raise the level of epinephrine and serotonin in the brain by slowing the rate at which they are reabsorbed by nerve cells.
- SIDE EFFECTS: anticholinergic in nature (dry mouth, constipation), blurred vision, dizziness, drowsiness, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, hypotension, increased suicide risks the first few weeks of therapy THE MEDS: Amitriptyline (Elavil) Nortriptyline (Pamelor) Imipramine (Tofranil) anticholinergic side effects - answer Dizziness, headaches, excitement, cough, urinary retention, dry mouth, irritability, delayed GI motility Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) - answer Block the action of monoamine oxidase and prevent breakdown of norepinephrine and serotonin. The MEDS: Phenelzine (Nardil) tranylcypromine (Parnate) isocarboxazid (Marplan) Side effects: anticholinergic effects, dry mouth, orthostatic hypotension, headache DO NOT TAKE THESE MEDS WITH NASAL DECONGESTANTS or with FOOD CONTAINING high levels of TYRAMINE (a precursor to norepinephrine) AVOID THESE FOODS: AGED CHEESE, AVACADOS, YOGURT, SOUR CREAM, CHICKEN & BEEF LIVERS (DAMMIT!), pickled herring, corned beef, bean pods, bananas, raisins, figs, smoked & processed meat, yeast supplements, chocolate (NOOOOOOOOO!), MSG, soy sauce, beer,
The Meds: chlorpromazine (Thorazine) Haloperidol (Haldol) Fluphenazine (Prolixin) thioridazine (Mellaril) thiothixine (Navane) trifluoperazine (Trilafon) trifluoperazine (Stelazine) ****They block DOPAMINE RECEPTORS in the brain (which are the immediate precursors to norepinephrine). These affect neurotransmitters that allow for communication between nerve cells. Adverse reactions: hypotension, dizziness, fainting, dry mouth, possible impotence in men, photosensitivity, blood dyscrasias (abnormal values) THERE ARE MORE ADVERSE REACTIONS! SEE NEXT CARD! Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPS) (more adverse reactions from antipsychotics/neuroleptics)
- answer These types of symptoms appear to be dose related and are the most frightening to patient:
- Dystonia: difficult or bad muscle tone in head & neck, swallowing problems, tongue sticks out
2.Akathisia- inability to sit down. restlessness.
- Pseudo-Parkinsonism: side effects like tremors & "stiff face" that resemble Parkinson's disease. Occur a few weeks to a few months after therapy. May be controlled by anti- Parkinsonism med. 4.Tardive Dyskinesia: rhythimical, involuntary movements of tongue, face, mouth, jaw, trunk, extremities. No effective tratment. 5.NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME (NMS): uncommon reaction to neuroleptics, but could cause death. Muscle rigidity, hyperpyrexia (fever), fluctuations in BP, altered or loss of consciousness. NEEDS IMMEDIATE MEDICAL CARE! Atypical Antipsychotics - answer Block multiple dopamine & serotonin receptors. The MEDS: clozapine (Clozaril) (lowers WBC count (agranulocytosis), monitor blood work every 1- weeks) risperidone (Risperdal) planzapine (Zyprexa) aripiprazole (Abilify) Paliperidone (Invenga) Antimanic Agent (calms patients in manic phase) - answer The Med: LITHIUM used for bipolar disorder, calms patient in manic phase
+Tegretol: 6-12 mcg/ml +Depakene & Depakote: 50-100 mcg/ml Stimulants - answer Directly stimulate the CNS, used to promote alertness, diminish appetite, combat narcolepsy. Also used to treat ADHD The Meds: methylphenidate (Ritalin) Side effects: increased or irregular heart rate, hypertension, hyperactivity, dry mouth, hand tremor, rapid speech, diaphoresis, confusion, depression, seizures, suicidal ideation, insomnia DO NOT GIVE TO PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOLISM, MANIA or display suicidal or homicidal thoughts DO NOT USE with heart disease or glaucoma MAY impair judgement, drive with caution DO NOT USE with MAOIs ( may cause hypertensive crisis) Take at least 6 hours before sleep to avoid sleep disturbances
