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Auto and Shop Information: Questions and Answers on Internal Combustion Engines, Exams of Automobile Engineering

A comprehensive overview of the internal combustion engine, covering its fundamental components, operation, and maintenance. It includes detailed explanations of the four-stroke cycle, fuel systems, cooling systems, ignition systems, drive systems, braking systems, and emissions control systems. The document also features a series of questions and answers that test the reader's understanding of the concepts discussed.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 03/05/2025

drillmaster
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MEPS ASVAB Auto and Shop information
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2025 LATEST
Mixture of Gas and Air
(the fuel mixture)
What does the Internal Combustion engine burn?
1. Intake
2. Compression
3. Power
4. Exhaust
What are the 4 strokes that make up a cycle?
(in car engine)
Intake
This valve opens as the connecting rod pulls the piston down, drawing the gas/air mix into the cylinder
Compression
The valves are closed. The connecting rod pushes the piston up, compressing gas/air mix
Power
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19
pf1a
pf1b
pf1c
pf1d
pf1e
pf1f
pf20
pf21
pf22
pf23
pf24
pf25
pf26
pf27
pf28
pf29
pf2a
pf2b
pf2c
pf2d

Partial preview of the text

Download Auto and Shop Information: Questions and Answers on Internal Combustion Engines and more Exams Automobile Engineering in PDF only on Docsity!

MEPS ASVAB Auto and Shop information

QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2025 LATEST

Mixture of Gas and Air

(the fuel mixture)

What does the Internal Combustion engine burn?

  1. Intake
  2. Compression
  3. Power
  4. Exhaust

What are the 4 strokes that make up a cycle?

(in car engine)

Intake

This valve opens as the connecting rod pulls the piston down, drawing the gas/air mix into the cylinder

Compression

The valves are closed. The connecting rod pushes the piston up, compressing gas/air mix

Power

The spar plug ignites the gas/air mix, forcing the piston down. That pushes down on the connecting rod, turning the crankshaft; the crankshaft turns the flywheel, which keeps the engine going

Exhaust

The ___ valve opens as the connecting rod moves the piston back up, pushing out the exploded gases. The valves are times, of course, using pus rods attached to the camshaft.

Inline

The name for cylinders that are arranged in one row

V

The name for cylinders that are arranged in two rows

Four-stroke, one-cycle engine

Most people refer to engines as four-cycle engines but this is false; what are they really called?

Tachometer

Instrument in a vehicle the measures revolutions per minute; rpm

(e.g. when this displays 4,800 rpm, that means the engine is performing 4,800 cycles every minute)

Throttle

___ is mechanically connected to the carburetor

OR

___ is electronically connected to the EFI computer

Advancing (opening) the throttle causes more fuel to be transferred to the carburetor or the fuel injectors. The accelerator (gas pedal) is connected to the throttle by mechanical linkages. The harder you push on the gas pedal, the farther the throttle is advanced (opened). Thus, more fuel is transported to the carburetor or fuel injectors.

What does a Throttle do?

Cooling system

What does the engine have because of the high temperature at which fuel burns?

Water Jackets

Water Pump

Radiator

What are the 3 components of the engine's cooling system?

Water jackets

These surround the parts of the engine that reach the highest temperatures

(engine cooling system)

Water Pump

This circulates water through the water jackets

(engine cooling system)

Radiator

(engine cooling system)

While the water circulates, it absorbs heat from the engine and then passes through the ___, where outside air cools the water.

Antifreeze

___ (a coolant) raises the boiling point of water (which keeps water from boiling away) and lowers its freezing point (which keeps the system from freezing up during cold weather)

Antifreeze

___ is usually mixed with the water in an engine cooling system

Oil Pump

A ___ circulates oil through the engine; oil flows through the crankshaft and connecting rods, lubricating it as it goes.

Distributer

After leaving the coil, the current then passes through ___, an electrical/mechanical switching device; controls the timing of the spark-plug discharges

(ignition system, older cars)

Breaker points

A rotating shaft and a switch within the distributer that routes the current through wires to the spark plugs

(ignition system, older cars)

Condenser

This absorbs excess current and protects the breaker points from the damage by the high-voltage surge

Solid-state electronics controlled by a computer

In modern ignition systems, the distributer, coil, breaker points, and condenser have been replaced by what?

Computer

A ___ controls the ignition system and adjusts it to provide maximum efficiency in a variety of driving conditions

Drive System

Transfers the power of the engine to the wheels, making them move

Axle

The shaft on which the wheels revolve

Universal Joint

Allows the axle to move up and down without breaking the drive shaft

Drive Shaft

The connecting component that carries torque and transmits rotation

Gears

These are located on the axle and allow the vehicle to make turns

Axle shafts

These turn the wheels

The ___ changes the speed of the engine in relation to the speed of the ___ wheels in front-wheel drive.

Transmission

All

The ___ changes the speed of the engine in relation to the speed of ___ the wheels in all-wheel drive.

Automatic

Manual (stick shift)

2 types of transmission

Transmission

Consists of gears in several combinations so that the amount of torque used can vary according to the needs

Torque

The force that produces rotation (of wheels)

More

When the terrain is difficult (as in snow), the wheels need ___ torque in order to move.

Torque Converter

In an automatic transmission, this automatically varies the amount of torque supplied

Clutch

Found in manual transmission, this disconnects the engine from the drive shaft in order to change to a different gear (torque).

Also allows the engine to run when the car isn't moving

Brake

Device found on each wheel that applies friction to the wheel to stop its rotation

Master cylinder

Brake lines

Brake pedal

Drum brakes &/or Disc brakes

Components of a Brake system

Brake lines

Run from the master cylinder, these are filled with brake fluid

Brake pedal

Uses pads that pinch a rotating disc

Emissions-control systems

System placed on cars to prevent pollutants (partially combusted fuel/unburned fuel) from poisoning the atmosphere

Positive-crankcase ventilation

Air-injection system

Catalytic converter

Exhaust-gas-recirculation system

Components of Emission-control systems

Positive-crankcase ventilation

An old method (still in use) that forces unburned or partially burned fuel back into the cylinder so the fuel can be burned

Air-injection system

System that forces air into the engine's exhaust system to burn unburned or partially burned fuel before the fuel comes out the exhaust pipe

Catalytic converter

Oxidizes hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide into water vapor and carbon dioxide; this system doesn't control other types of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides

Exhaust-gas-recirculation system

Helps control nitrogen-oxide emissions by forcing some of the gases back into the cylinders

Striking Tools

Tools that apply driving force to an object

Hammer

Mallet

Sledge

3 Striking tools

Hammer

A striking tool that consists of a handle, a head, a face (part of tool that touches the nail or fastener), a claw (to pull nails), and a wedge that attaches the head to the handle.

Mallet

A striking tool that is used to strike another tool or to strike a surface without damaging it.

Open-end wrenches

Box wrenches

Socket wrenches

Torque wrenches

Pipe wrenches

5 types of Wrenches

Open-end wrenches

These wrenches have open jaws

Box wrenches

These wrenches are closed.

(Some have open-end jaws on one end but this type of wrench on the other)

Socket wrenches

These wrenches have box-type sockets of varying sizes that can be attached to a handle, which in turn can be attached to an extension.

Socket wrenches

Box wrenches

Open-end wrenches

3 types of wrenches that come in set, standard sizes (either in inches or in mm); they are not interchangeable

Torque wrenches

These wrenches apply additional leverage to a fastener. These wrenches look like a socket wrench but have additional internal mechanisms designed to measure and limit the amount of torque (force) being applied.

Pipe wrenches

These wrenches have serrated jaws and grip round objects.

Screwdrivers

A fastening tool that turns screws

Standard screwdriver

Phillips screwdriver

Allen wrench

Offset screwdriver

4 types of Screwdrivers

Standard screwdriver

Cutting

5 types of Pliers

Long-nose or needle-nose

These pliers have tapered jaws that can hold small objects or fit into small spaces

Curved-nose pliers

These pliers have curved jaws

Slip-joint pliers

These pliers can be adjusted so the handles lock in a certain position

Wrench or vise-grip pliers

These pliers have serrated jaws that clamp onto and hold objects of all shapes

Cutting pliers

These pliers are used to cut wire

Cutting Tools

These tools use sharp blades to cut through metal, wood, or other materials; have teeth

Fewer

A saw with ___ teeth is used for rough work, like cutting wood to size.

More

A saw with ___ teeth cuts more finely and is used for more delicate work, like sawing joints and lightweight pieces of wood

Bolt cutters

Circle snips

Crosscut saw

Coping saw

Hacksaw

Pipe cutters and tube cutters

Ripsaw

Snips and shears

8 types of Cutting tools

Bolt cutters

A cutting tool; heavy-duty shears the produce enough force when the handles are closed to slice through metal bolts or rods