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MGHB12 Final Exam Key Terms and
Definitions
Selection - correct answer ✔✔The process of choosing individuals who have relevant qualifications to fill existing or projected job openings Reliability - correct answer ✔✔the degree to which interviews, tests, and other selection procedures yield comparable data over time Validitiy - correct answer ✔✔the degree to which a test or selection procedure measures a person's attributes and predicts future behavior video resumes - correct answer ✔✔short video clips that highlight applicants' qualifications beyond what they can communicate on their resumes nondirective interview - correct answer ✔✔An interview in which the applicant is allowed the maximum amount of freedom in determining the course of the discussion, while the interviewer carefully refrains from influencing the applicant's remarks structured interview - correct answer ✔✔an interview in which a set of standardized questions having an established set of answers is used situational interview - correct answer ✔✔An interview in which an applicant is given a hypothetical incident and asked how he or she would respond to it Behavioral Description Interview (BDI) - correct answer ✔✔an interview in which an applicant is asked questions about what he or she actually did in a given situation
panel interview - correct answer ✔✔An interview in which a board of interviewers questions and observes a single candidate sequential interview - correct answer ✔✔a format in which a candidate is interviewed by multiple people, one right after another Video Interviews - correct answer ✔✔interviews conducted via videoconferencing or over the web Computer-administered (automated) interview - correct answer ✔✔Interview in which the questions are administered to applicants via computers; the interview can be conducted at a firm's facilities, using kiosks, online, or via phone preemployment test - correct answer ✔✔An objective and standardized test used to gauge a person's knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics (KSAOs) relative to other individuals assessment centres - correct answer ✔✔a process by which individuals are evaluated as they participate in a series of situations that resemble what they might encounter on the job criterion-based validity - correct answer ✔✔the extent to which a selection tool predicts, or significantly correlates with, important elements of work behavior concurrent validity - correct answer ✔✔The extent to which test scores (or other predictor information) match criterion data obtained at about the same time from current employees
Organization Analysis - correct answer ✔✔Examination of the environment, strategies, and resources of the organization to determine where training emphasis should be placed task analysis - correct answer ✔✔The process of determining what the content of a training program should be on the basis of a study of the tasks and duties involved in the job competency assessment - correct answer ✔✔Analysis of the sets of skills and knowledge needed for decision-oriented and knowledge-intensive jobs person analysis - correct answer ✔✔determination of the specific individuals who need training instructional objectives - correct answer ✔✔desired outcomes of a training program Experiential Learning - correct answer ✔✔The process of learning by "doing," reflecting on it, critically analyzing it, and applying it in new situations or settings Behaviour modification - correct answer ✔✔A technique that operates on the principle that behaviour that is rewarded, or positively reinforced, will be exhibited more frequently in the future, whereas behaviour that is penalized or unrewarded will decrease in frequency spot rewards - correct answer ✔✔Programs that award employees "on the spot" when they do something particularly well during training or on the job on the job training - correct answer ✔✔A method by which employees are given hands-on experience with instructions from their supervisor or other trainer apprenticeship training - correct answer ✔✔a system of training in which a worker entering the skilled trades is given thorough instruction and experience, both on and off the job, in the practical and theoretical aspects of the work
cooperative training - correct answer ✔✔A training program that combines practical on-the-job experience with formal educational classes blended learning - correct answer ✔✔The use of multiple training methods to achieve optimal learning on the part of trainees transfer of training - correct answer ✔✔the effective application of principles learned to what is required on the job Benchmarking - correct answer ✔✔The process of measuring one's own services and practices against the recognized leaders in order to identify areas for improvement orientation - correct answer ✔✔The formal process of familiarizing new employees with the organization, their jobs, and their work units Onboarding - correct answer ✔✔The process of systematically socializing new employees to help them get "on board" with an organization chief ethics officer - correct answer ✔✔A high-ranking manager directly responsible for fostering the ethical climate within the firm Performance Management - correct answer ✔✔The process of creating a work environment in which people can perform to the best of their abilities performance review - correct answer ✔✔A process in which a manager evaluates an employee's performance relative to the requirements of his or her job and uses the information to show the person where improvements can be made and how.
leniency or strictness error - correct answer ✔✔A performance rating error in which the appraiser tends to give employees either unusually high or unusually low ratings forced distribution - correct answer ✔✔A performance ranking system whereby raters are required to place a certain percentage of employees into various performance categories temporal error - correct answer ✔✔a performance rating error in which the evaluation is based largely on the employee's most recent behavior rather than on behavior throughout the evaluation period contrast error - correct answer ✔✔A performance rating error in which an employee's evaluation is biased either upward or downward because of comparison with another employee just previously evaluated similar-to-me error - correct answer ✔✔A performance rating error in which an appraiser inflates the evaluation of an employee because of a mutual personal connection graphic rating scale method - correct answer ✔✔A trait approach to performance appraisal whereby each employee is rated according to a scale of characteristics mixed-standard scale method - correct answer ✔✔A trait approach to performance rating similar to other scale methods but based on comparison with (better than, equal to, or worse than) a standard forced-choice method - correct answer ✔✔A trait approach to performance appraisal that requires the rater to choose from statements designed to distinguish between successful and unsuccessful performance
Essay Method - correct answer ✔✔A trait approach to performance appraisal that requires the rater to compose a statement describing employee behavior critical incident - correct answer ✔✔An unusual event that denotes superior or inferior employee performance in some part of the job Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale (BARS) - correct answer ✔✔A behavioral approach to performance rating that consists of a series of vertical scales, one for each important dimension of job performance behaviour observation scale (BOS) - correct answer ✔✔A behavioural approach to performance rating that measures the frequency of observed behaviour Management by Objectives (MBO) - correct answer ✔✔A results review process that rates the performance of employees based on their achievement of goals set mutually by them and their manager hourly work - correct answer ✔✔Work paid on an hourly basis Piecework - correct answer ✔✔Work paid according to the number of units produced Consumer Price Index (CPI) - correct answer ✔✔measure of the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services escalator clauses - correct answer ✔✔Clauses in collective agreements that provide for quarterly cost-of-living adjustments in wages, basing the adjustments on changes in the consumer price index
Broadbanding - correct answer ✔✔collapses many traditional salary grades into a few wide salary bands Competency-based pay - correct answer ✔✔Pay based on an employee's skill level, variety of skills possessed, or increased job knowledge pay equity - correct answer ✔✔equal pay for work of equal value wage rate compression - correct answer ✔✔Compression of differentials between job classes, particularly the differential between hourly workers and their managers Straight Piecework - correct answer ✔✔An incentive plan under which employees receive a certain rate for each unit produced Differential Piece Rates - correct answer ✔✔A compensation rate under which employees whose production exceeds the standard amount of output receive a higher rate for all of their work than the rate paid to those who do not exceed the standard amount Standard Hour Plan - correct answer ✔✔an incentive plan that pays workers extra for work done in less than a preset "standard time" bonus - correct answer ✔✔an incentive payment that is supplemental to the base wage spot bonus - correct answer ✔✔an unplanned bonus given for employee effort unrelated to an established performance measure
Merit Guidelines - correct answer ✔✔Guidelines for awarding merit raises that are tied to performance objectives lump-sum merit program - correct answer ✔✔Program under which employees receive a year- end merit payment, which is not added to their base pay straight salary plan - correct answer ✔✔A compensation plan that permits salespeople to be paid for performing various duties that are not reflected immediately in their sales volume straight commission plan - correct answer ✔✔a compensation plan based on a percentage of sales Combined Salary and Commission Plan - correct answer ✔✔A compensation plan that includes a straight salary and a commission salary plus bonus plan - correct answer ✔✔A compensation plan that pays a salary plus a bonus achieved by reaching targeted sales goals Workers' Compensation Insurance - correct answer ✔✔Insurance provided to workers to defray the loss of income and cost of treatment resulting from work-related injuries or illness severance pay - correct answer ✔✔A lump-sum payment given to terminated employees by an employer at the time of an employer-initiated termination silver handshake - correct answer ✔✔An early retirement incentive in the form of increased pension benefits for several years or a cash bonus contributory plan - correct answer ✔✔A pension plan in which contributions are made jointly by employees and employers
Depression - correct answer ✔✔negative emotional state, marked by feelings of low spirits, gloominess, sadness, and loss of pleasure in ordinary activities stress - correct answer ✔✔any adjustive demand caused by physical, mental, or emotional factors that require coping behavior Eustress - correct answer ✔✔positive stress Disstress - correct answer ✔✔negative stress burnout - correct answer ✔✔The most severe stage of distress, manifesting itself in depression, frustration, and loss of productivity host country - correct answer ✔✔A country in which an international corporation operates international corporation - correct answer ✔✔a domestic firm that uses its existing capabilities to move into overseas markets Multidomestic Corporation - correct answer ✔✔A firm with independent business units operating in multiple countries global corporation - correct answer ✔✔Firm that has integrated worldwide operations through a centralized home office. Transnational Corporation - correct answer ✔✔a firm that attempts to balance local responsiveness and global scale via a network of specialized operating units
expatriates - correct answer ✔✔Employees from the home country who are on international assignment host-country nationals - correct answer ✔✔Employees who are natives of the host country third-country nationals - correct answer ✔✔Employees who are natives of a country other than the home country or the host country work permit (visa) - correct answer ✔✔A government document granting a foreign individual the right to seek employment guest workers - correct answer ✔✔foreign workers invited to perform needed labor transnational teams - correct answer ✔✔teams composed of members of multiple nationalities working on projects that span multiple countries global manager - correct answer ✔✔A manager equipped to run an international business cultural environment - correct answer ✔✔The communications, religion, values and ideologies, education, and social structure of a country core skills - correct answer ✔✔skills considered critical to an employee's success abroad augmented skills - correct answer ✔✔skills helpful in facilitating the efforts of expatriate managers failure rate - correct answer ✔✔The percentage of expatriates who do not perform satisfactorily
