Download Michigan Agri science and Natural Resources Curriculum, covering Units 1–5 and career pla and more Exams Gardening and Horticulture in PDF only on Docsity!
Michigan Agri science and Natural Resources Curriculum ,
covering Units 1– 5 and career planning (Unit 34) Questions
and Correct Answers Plus Rationales 2025
- What is the primary purpose of the FFA organization? A. Raise funds for agriculture programs B. Develop leadership and career skills in students C. Conduct agricultural experiments D. Promote local agribusinesses The FFA fosters leadership, personal growth, and career success in agricultural education.
- What is the ideal soil pH range for most crops? A. 3.5–4. B. 5.0–5. C. 6.0–7. D. 8.0–9. Most crops thrive in slightly acidic to neutral pH levels for optimal nutrient availability.
- Which nutrient is most responsible for leaf growth in plants? A. Phosphorus B. Potassium C. Nitrogen D. Calcium
Nitrogen is essential for vegetative growth and chlorophyll production in leaves.
- What does IPM stand for in pest management? A. International Pest Monitoring B. Invasive Plant Management C. Integrated Pest Management D. Insect Population Method Integrated Pest Management uses a combination of techniques for effective, sustainable pest control.
- Which FFA degree is typically earned first? A. State Degree B. Greenhand Degree C. American Degree D. Chapter Degree The Greenhand Degree is the entry-level award recognizing FFA member participation.
- What is a renewable natural resource? A. Timber B. Coal C. Natural gas D. Uranium Timber is renewable as it can be replanted and regrown, unlike fossil fuels.
Stomata regulate the exchange of gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. 11.What agency oversees agricultural education standards in Michigan? A. FDA B. Michigan Department of Education (MDE) C. USDA D. Department of Natural Resources The MDE sets curriculum and certification pathways for agriscience programs statewide. 12.What is one benefit of crop rotation? A. Increases irrigation needs B. Reduces soil nutrient depletion C. Promotes monoculture D. Increases pest buildup Crop rotation helps replenish soil nutrients and disrupt pest and disease cycles. 13.Which soil horizon contains the most organic material? A. B horizon B. O horizon C. C horizon D. R horizon The O horizon, also called the organic layer, contains decomposed organic matter.
14.Which of the following is a perennial plant? A. Corn B. Tomato C. Alfalfa D. Radish Alfalfa is a perennial crop, growing back each year without replanting. 15.What is the study of soil called? A. Pedology B. Hydrology C. Meteorology D. Ecology Pedology focuses on the formation, classification, and mapping of soils. 16.What does the acronym SAE stand for? A. Standard Agricultural Education B. Soil and Environment C. Supervised Agricultural Experience D. Sustainable Agriculture Exploration SAE refers to hands-on learning experiences outside the classroom in agriculture. 17.What is the best method to control erosion on steep hills? A. Flood irrigation B. Terracing C. Monocropping
C. Silt D. Gravel Clay particles are small and compact, retaining water better than sand or gravel. 22.What does “career pathway” refer to in Unit 34? A. Any random job B. A sequence of education and training in a focused field C. A list of hobbies D. Volunteer work Career pathways outline the progression of skills and education toward industry credentials. 23.What is transpiration? A. Fertilizer application B. Soil movement C. Water loss through plant leaves D. Seed germination Transpiration is the evaporation of water from plant leaves into the atmosphere. 24.What is the main cause of soil compaction? A. Fertilizer B. Heavy equipment traffic C. Rainfall D. Earthworms Machinery compresses soil particles, reducing air space and root growth.
25.What are legumes known for? A. Requiring more nitrogen B. Fixing atmospheric nitrogen C. Reproducing without pollination D. Poor soil adaptability Legumes host nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules, enriching soil nitrogen. 26.A student builds a greenhouse for their SAE. What type is it? A. Research SAE B. Exploratory SAE C. Entrepreneurship SAE D. Analytical SAE Entrepreneurship SAEs involve planning and operating an agricultural business. 27.Which Michigan-based crop is considered a specialty crop? A. Corn B. Soybeans C. Blueberries D. Wheat Michigan is a leading producer of blueberries, a high-value specialty crop. 28.What does the “three-circle model” in ag education include? A. Math, science, English B. Classroom, SAE, FFA C. Crops, animals, soil
32.What is the correct order of the scientific method? A. Conclusion, hypothesis, observation, experiment B. Problem, experiment, data, question C. Question, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion D. Research, experiment, publish Scientific inquiry follows a logical order from hypothesis to conclusion. 33.Which of the following helps prevent nutrient runoff? A. Over-fertilizing B. Cover cropping C. Flood irrigation D. Plowing frequently Cover crops reduce erosion and absorb excess nutrients from the soil. 34.Which Michigan natural resource industry involves tree harvesting? A. Forestry B. Mining C. Aquaculture D. Horticulture Forestry includes timber harvesting, processing, and sustainable management. 35.What is the term for plants that complete their life cycle in one year? A. Annuals B. Perennials C. Biennials
D. Ephemerals Annuals germinate, grow, flower, and die within a single growing season. 36.What is the best definition of biodiversity? A. Number of species in a zoo B. Variety of life in an ecosystem C. Number of farms D. Recycled plant waste Biodiversity refers to the range of species, genetics, and ecosystems. 37.Which nutrient deficiency causes yellowing leaves? A. Nitrogen B. Potassium C. Sulfur D. Boron Nitrogen deficiency commonly leads to chlorosis, or yellowing of older leaves. 38.Which of these is NOT a component of soil? A. Air B. Organic matter C. Plastic D. Minerals Plastic is not naturally found in soil and indicates contamination. 39.What does a forester typically manage? A. Dairy cows B. Aquaculture systems
43.Which water source is considered surface water? A. Groundwater B. River C. Aquifer D. Well Surface water includes visible sources like rivers, lakes, and ponds. 44.What is the main role of a nutrient management plan? A. Maximize crop failure B. Optimize fertilizer use and reduce environmental impact C. Eliminate irrigation D. Delay harvesting A nutrient management plan ensures nutrients are used effectively and safely. 45.What is photosynthesis? A. The process by which plants make food using sunlight B. The absorption of water C. Soil formation D. Transpiration Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy for plant growth. 46.A student interested in plant genetics should pursue what field? A. Agribusiness B. Forestry C. Plant biotechnology
D. Conservation law Plant biotechnology focuses on genetics, breeding, and crop improvement. 47.Which of these is an abiotic factor in an ecosystem? A. Temperature B. Insects C. Fungi D. Plants Abiotic factors are non-living elements such as temperature and sunlight. 48.What is composting? A. Mixing pesticides B. Building fences C. Decomposing organic waste into soil D. Watering crops Composting breaks down organic material into nutrient-rich soil. 49.Which plant part transports sugars? A. Xylem B. Phloem C. Cambium D. Stomata Phloem distributes sugars produced by photosynthesis to the rest of the plant. 50.Which career requires skills in GPS mapping and soil science? A. Florist
Cover crops protect soil from erosion, improve fertility, and suppress weeds. 54.What is the function of a root nodule? A. Store water B. Anchor the plant C. House nitrogen-fixing bacteria D. Produce seeds Root nodules in legumes contain bacteria that convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form. 55.What career pathway involves caring for wild habitats and biodiversity? A. Agribusiness B. Horticulture C. Environmental science D. Animal systems Environmental science careers focus on ecosystem protection and restoration. 56.Which of the following is considered a soft skill? A. Communication B. Tractor operation C. Soil testing D. Welding Soft skills like communication and teamwork are vital for workplace success.
57.Which plant tissue is responsible for transporting water? A. Xylem B. Phloem C. Cambium D. Cortex Xylem carries water and nutrients from the roots up to the rest of the plant. 58.What is the major source of phosphorus in agriculture? A. Rain B. Rock phosphate fertilizers C. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria D. Compost Phosphorus is commonly added through mined rock phosphate-based fertilizers. 59.What is the best practice for conserving water in irrigation? A. Flood irrigation B. Drip irrigation C. Sprinkler irrigation D. Manual watering Drip irrigation delivers water directly to the roots, minimizing evaporation and runoff. 60.What does an ecosystem include? A. Only plants B. Only animals
Agribusiness involves the economics and management of agricultural production and sales. 64.Which of the following contributes to sustainable agriculture? A. Using only chemical fertilizers B. Practicing crop rotation C. Monocropping D. Over-irrigation Sustainable practices like crop rotation promote long-term soil and environmental health. 65.Which type of seedling emergence pushes the cotyledons above the soil surface? A. Epigeal B. Hypogeal C. Dormant D. Dicots Epigeal emergence involves cotyledons rising above the ground as the seedling grows. 66.What is used to test the viability of seeds? A. pH strip B. Soil triangle C. Germination test D. Tensile strength Germination tests measure the percentage of seeds that successfully sprout under controlled conditions.
67.Which of the following describes precision agriculture? A. Broad application of chemicals B. Technology-based management of fields C. Random planting D. Manual fertilization Precision agriculture uses data, GPS, and sensors to optimize crop inputs and increase efficiency. 68.Which career focuses on improving crop genetics and yields? A. Ecologist B. Forester C. Agronomist D. Veterinarian Agronomists specialize in crop production, genetics, and soil management. 69.What is the final step in a scientific experiment? A. Observation B. Form hypothesis C. Draw conclusion D. Record variables Drawing conclusions allows the researcher to interpret the experiment results. 70.What is one major goal of the USDA? A. Sell fertilizer B. Support agriculture and food safety
