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Microbiology: An introduction plus mastering
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Microbiology: An Introduction, 13e (Tortora et al.)
Chapter 1 The Microbial World and You
1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
Microorganisms are involved in each of the following processes EXCEPT A) infection. B) decomposition of organic material. C) O2 production. D) food production. E) smog production. Answer: E Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering Learning Outcome: 1. Global Outcome: 5
Each of the following organisms would be considered a microbe EXCEPT A) yeast. B) protozoan. C) bacterium. D) mushroom. E) virus. Answer: D Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering Learning Outcome: 1.
The term used to describe a disease-causing microorganism is A) microbe. B) bacterium. C) virus. D) pathogen. E) infection. Answer: D Section: 1.
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering Learning Outcome: 1.
1 .
Common commercial benefits of microorganisms include synthesis of A) riboflavin. B) acetone. C) insulin. D) aspirin. E) riboflavin, acetone and insulin. Answer: E Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 6. Learning Outcome: 1.
What factors contribute to the rising incidence of antibiotic resistance? A) overuse of the specific drugs B) misuse of the specific drugs C) random mutations in bacterial genomes D) random mutations, overuse and misuse of specific drugs E) overuse and misuse of specific drugs Answer: D Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding ASMcue Outcome: 4. Learning Outcome: 1. Global Outcome: 5
The formal system for classifying and naming organisms was developed by A) Robert Koch. B) Ignaz Semmelweis. C) Aristotle. D) Carolus Linnaeus. E) Louis Pasteur. Answer: D Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering Learning Outcome: 1.
3 .
- Figure 1.
The bacterial shape of the cells in the scanning electron micrograph shown in Figure 1.1 would best be described as A) bacillus. B) spiral. C) coccus. D) ovoid. E) columnar. Answer: A Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding ASMcue Outcome: 2. Learning Outcome: 1.
Protozoan motility structures include A) cilia. B) flagella. C) pseudopods. D) cilia and pseudopods only. E) cilia, flagella, and pseudopods. Answer: E Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering Learning Outcome: 1.
Viruses are not considered living organisms because they A) cannot reproduce by themselves. B) are structurally very simple. C) can only be visualized using an electron microscope. D) are typically associated with disease. E) are ubiquitous in nature. Answer: A Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 4.
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Learning Outcome: 1.
Microbes that live stably in and on the human body are called the A) transient microbiota. B) human microbiome. C) pathogenic microorganisms. D) virulent microorganisms. E) opportunistic microbiota. Answer: B Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 5. Learning Outcome: 1.
Which of the following is NOT a domain in the three-domain system? A) animalia B) archaea C) bacteria D) eukarya Answer: A Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 1. Learning Outcome: 1.
A system of classification grouping organisms into 3 domains based on the cellular organization of organisms was devised by A) Carolus Linnaeus. B) Anton van Leewenhoek. C) Carl Woese. D) Louis Pasteur. E) Robert Koch. Answer: C Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 1. Learning Outcome: 1.
Learning Outcome: 1.
6 .
If you were setting up an experiment to disprove spontaneous generation in a liquid medium, which of the following would be essential to the experiment? A) supplying the liquid with nutrients B) starting with a liquid that contains microorganisms C) adding antibiotics to the liquid D) using a sterile liquid and eliminating exposure to microorganisms E) adding carbon dioxide to the liquid Answer: D Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.
The arguments supporting spontaneous generation were finally disproved by A) Louis Pasteur. B) Francesco Redi. C) Rudolf Virchow. D) John Needham. E) Lazzaro Spallanzani. Answer: A Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering Learning Outcome: 1.
Regarding Louis Pasteur's experiments with the S-neck flask, which of the following statements is TRUE? A) Air exchange was involved. B) A food source was provided. C) The possibility of contamination was removed. D) All preexisting microorganisms were killed. E) Air exchange occurred, a food source was provided, preexisting microorganisms were killed and contamination was prevented Answer: E Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.
The microbial process of converting sugars to alcohol is known as A) fermentation. B) pasteurization. C) tyndallization. D) lyophilization.
E) alcoholism. Answer: A Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 3.
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Learning Outcome: 1.
Proof that a microbe could cause disease was provided by A) Pasteur. B) Lister. C) Koch. D) Wasserman. E) Semmelweis. Answer: C Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 5. Learning Outcome: 1.
The use of phenol (carbolic acid) as a wound disinfectant was first practiced by A) Lister. B) Semmelweis. C) Pasteur. D) Holmes. E) Koch. Answer: A Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 3. Learning Outcome: 1.
Mycology is the study of A) mycoplasma. B) mushrooms. C) protozoa. D) molds. E) molds, yeast, and mushrooms. Answer: E Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering Learning Outcome: 1.
The first step for directly linking a microbe to a specific disease according to Koch's postulates is to A) culture the blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal using nutrient medium. B) inject a sample of blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal into a healthy animal. C) obtain a sample of blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal. D) compare the blood of a sick animal to blood obtained from a healthy animal. E) isolate microbes from the blood of healthy animals. Answer: C Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying ASMcue Outcome: 5. Learning Outcome: 1.
In which of the following situations would Koch's postulates be utilized? A) determination of the cause of a new emerging disease by scientists studying disease transmission B) development of a new antibiotic in a pharmaceutical lab C) determination of the cause of cancer in a patient D) formulation of a vaccine against a new pathogen in a genetic engineering lab E) whenever the scientific method is used to investigate a microbiological problem Answer: A Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying ASMcue Outcome: 5. Learning Outcome: 1. Global Outcome: 5
Robert Koch identified the cause of A) smallpox. B) anthrax. C) diphtheria. D) AIDS. E) rabies. Answer: B Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 5. Learning Outcome: 1. Global Outcome: 5
Which physician is first associated with vaccination? A) Ehrlich B) Jenner C) Lister D) Koch
Learning Outcome: 1. Global Outcome: 5
Fungal infections are studied by A) virologists. B) bacteriologists. C) parasitologists. D) mycologists. E) herpetologists. Answer: D Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 5. Learning Outcome: 1.
When our bodies overcome the offensive tactics of a particular microorganism, this is referred to as A) therapy. B) colonization. C) disease. D) resistance. E) deficiency. Answer: D Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 5. Learning Outcome: 1.
Recombinant DNA refers to the A) study of bacterial ribosomes. B) study of the function of genes. C) interaction between human and bacterial cells. D) synthesis of proteins from genes. E) DNA resulting when genes from one organism are inserted into another organism. Answer: E Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 4. Learning Outcome: 1.
Molecular biology includes the study of A) DNA synthesis. B) RNA replication. C) protein synthesis. D) enzyme function. E) how genetic information directs protein synthesis.
Answer: E Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding ASMcue Outcome: 4. Learning Outcome: 1.
Microorganisms are essential to our life. Each of the following is an example of a beneficial function of microorganisms EXCEPT A) alternative fuel production. B) bioremediation. C) gene therapy. D) agriculture. E) increased number of illnesses. Answer: E Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 6. Learning Outcome: 1. Global Outcome: 5
The major food producers for other living organisms is/are A) higher plants. B) cyanobacteria. C) algae. D) higher plants and algae. E) higher plants, cyanobacteria, and algae. Answer: E Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 6. Learning Outcome: 1.
Gene therapy is currently used to treat all of the following diseases EXCEPT A) severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID). B) Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. C) cystic fibrosis. D) LDL-receptor deficiency. E) colon cancer. Answer: E Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 6. Learning Outcome: 1. Global Outcome: 5
Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 1. Learning Outcome: 1.
Who challenged the idea of spontaneous generation with the concept of biogenesis? A) Louis Pasteur B) Rudolf Virchow C) Anton van Leewenhoek D) John Needham E) Francesco Redi Answer: B Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering Learning Outcome: 1.
All of the following are true concerning emerging infectious diseases EXCEPT A) they always involve sporadic cases in endemic areas. B) they include newly described infectious agents. C) known pathogens develop evolutionary changes. D) known diseases spread to new regions or populations. E) they result from human exposure to a pathogen due to ecological changes. Answer: A Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding ASMcue Outcome: 1. Learning Outcome: 1.
Microorganisms are beneficial to humans in all of the following ways EXCEPT A) marine and freshwater organisms form the basis of the food web. B) soil microorganisms break down matter. C) some microorganisms live symbiotically with plants and transform nitrogen gas into organic compounds. D) Pseudomonas, molds and other microorganisms break down lettuce and strawberries at refrigeration temperatures. E) Fermenting microorganisms produce yogurt and sauerkraut from milk and cabbage. Answer: D Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding ASMcue Outcome: 6. Learning Outcome: 1.
What mistake did John Needham make that caused him to conclude that spontaneous generation for microorganisms occurred? A) He failed to seal his flasks of boiled broth.
B) He allowed his assistant to conduct the experiment which he did not monitor closely. C) He did not boil his broth solutions, only warmed them. D) He re-contaminated his boiled broth solutions. E) He destroyed the vital force in the solutions. Answer: D Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering Learning Outcome: 1.
From the list below, which would NOT be considered an emerging pathogen? A) Zika virus B) Avian influenza C) smallpox virus D) Ebola virus E) Lyme disease Answer: C Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding ASMcue Outcome: 1. Learning Outcome: 1.
All of the below are examples of a biofilm EXCEPT A) archaea as part of the plankton community in the open ocean. B) dental plaque. C) vegetations on a patient heart valve. D) slimy layer on riverbed rocks. E) infection of a patient catheter. Answer: A Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding ASMcue Outcome: 5. Learning Outcome: 1.
1.2 True/False Questions
Infectious disease is almost totally eradicated in our world. Answer: FALSE Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 5. Learning Outcome: 1.
A student has obtained a sample of pond water for study. Using the high-power lens, he observes several cells with nuclei. He can conclude that the cells are NOT bacteria. Answer: TRUE
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 1. Learning Outcome: 1.
The first antibiotic was discovered by Paul Ehrlich. Answer: FALSE Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 6. Learning Outcome: 1.
Enzymes from Bacillus organisms are used to remove spots on clothing. Answer: TRUE Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering ASMcue Outcome: 6. Learning Outcome: 1.
1.3 Essay Questions
What is an emerging disease, and what are some of the sources for these "new" infectious diseases? Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding ASMcue Outcome: 1. Learning Outcome: 1. Global Outcome: 8
Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Analyzing ASMcue Outcome: 2. Learning Outcome: 1. Global Outcome: 8
What was the function and importance of S-necked flasks in Louis Pasteur's experiments in disproving spontaneous generation? Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding Learning Outcome: 1. Global Outcome: 5
Explain the germ theory of disease and discuss why this theory is essential to the treatment of infectious disease. Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating
ASMcue Outcome: 5. Learning Outcome: 1. Global Outcome: 5
- Explain the concept of the formation and maintenance of the human microbiome and discuss the effect of the microbiome on transient microbiota and potential pathogens. Section: 1. Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating ASMcue Outcome: 5. Learning Outcome: 1. Global Outcome: 8
Microbiology: An Introduction, 13e (Tortora et al.) Chapter 2 Chemical Principles
2.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
Which of the following statements about the atom is C FALSE? A) It has 6 protons in its nucleus. B) It has 12 neutrons in its nucleus. C) It has 6 electrons orbiting the nucleus. D) Its atomic number is 6. E) Its atomic weight is 12. Answer: B Section: 2. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding Learning Outcome: 2. Global Outcome: 2
Table 2.
H
Using the information in Table 2.1, calculate the molecular weight of ethanol, C2H5OH. A) 96 B) 46 C) 34 D) 33 E) The answer cannot be determined. Answer: B Section: 2. Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying Learning Outcome: 2. Global Outcome: 2
O C
