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Physiology of middle ear quick revision
Typology: Cheat Sheet
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The middle ear is an air-filled cavity between the outer and inner ear. Main role: Transmit and amplify sound from the external environment to the cochlea.
Connection: Links middle ear to nasopharynx (upper throat). Function:- Equalizes air pressure on both sides of tympanic membrane
Tensor Tympani : - Attaches to malleus. Function: Tenses the tympanic membrane to dampen loud sounds. Stapedius Muscle: - Attaches to stapes. Function: Stabilizes the stapes and reduces vibration intensity.
Three small bones: Malleus (hammer): Attached to the tympanic membrane. Incus (anvil): Connects malleus to stapes. Stapes (stirrup): Fits into the oval window of the inner ear. Function: Amplify and convey sound vibrations from tympanic membrane to inner ear.
Location: Separates external ear from middle ear. Structure: Thin, semi-transparent membrane. Function: Vibrates in response to sound waves and transmits vibrations to auditory ossicles.