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Geography: Systematic & Regional Approaches, Globalization, Climate, Culture, Economy, Quizzes of Political Geography

Definitions for various geography terms related to systematic and regional approaches, globalization, climate, cultural interactions, and economic systems. Topics include material and non-material culture, climate regions, urbanization, cultural hybridities, supernatural organization, primary export dependency, altitudinal zonation, and more.

Typology: Quizzes

2009/2010

Uploaded on 10/07/2010

eagle2114
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TERM 1
Systematic Approach to Geography
DEFINITION 1
Studying processes in different places.
TERM 2
Globalization
DEFINITION 2
The increasing interconnectedness of people and places
through converging processes of economic, political, and
cultural change.
TERM 3
Material Culture
DEFINITION 3
Tangible traits ie: Consumer goods
TERM 4
Regional Approach to Geography
DEFINITION 4
Studying how processes interact within a particular
place/region.
TERM 5
Climate
Region
DEFINITION 5
Where similar conditions prevail over a large area,
boundaries are drawn cartograpically around that area.
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Systematic Approach to Geography

Studying processes in different places.

TERM 2

Globalization

DEFINITION 2

The increasing interconnectedness of people and places

through converging processes of economic, political, and

cultural change.

TERM 3

Material Culture

DEFINITION 3

Tangible traits ie: Consumer goods

TERM 4

Regional Approach to Geography

DEFINITION 4

Studying how processes interact within a particular

place/region.

TERM 5

Climate

Region

DEFINITION 5

Where similar conditions prevail over a large area,

boundaries are drawn cartograpically around that area.

Non-Material Culture

Intangible traits ie: Knowledge and beliefs

TERM 7

Cultural "Hybridities"

DEFINITION 7

Unique cultural expressions merging from different cultures.

TERM 8

Climograph

DEFINITION 8

Graphs of average high and low temperatures and

precipitation for an entire year.

TERM 9

Cultural Imperialism

DEFINITION 9

Active promotion of one cultural system at the expense of

another.

TERM 10

Urban Primacy

DEFINITION 10

When a country has a primate city 3 times larger than the

next city.

Altitudinal Zonation

As elevation increases temperatures decrease and

vegetation changes.

TERM 17

Nationalized Industries

DEFINITION 17

Operated by the state with the goal of self-sufficiency.

TERM 18

Neoliberal Policies

DEFINITION 18

Privatization of nationalized industries.

TERM 19

Import Substitution

DEFINITION 19

Foster domestic industry by imposing steep tariffs on

imports.

TERM 20

Maquiladoras

DEFINITION 20

Assembly plants on Mexican border built with foreign capital

to produce exports.

Dollarization

A country that partially or fully adopts US dollar as official

currency.

TERM 22

Informal

Sector

DEFINITION 22

Unregulated and untaxed employment.

TERM 23

Aqueduct

DEFINITION 23

Human made channel for transporting water.

TERM 24

Post-Industrial Economy

DEFINITION 24

An economy in which the tertiary and quaternary sectors

dominate employment and expansion.

TERM 25

"Main Street" Corridor

DEFINITION 25

Canada's most densely populated urban region. Southeast

Canada from Quebec to Windsor. Includes several large

cities.

Sectoral Transformation

Shift in the concentration of a country's economic activity

and employment.

TERM 32

Internally Displaced Persons

DEFINITION 32

Someone who is forced to flee their home but who, unlike a

refugee, remains within their country's borders.

TERM 33

Rift

DEFINITION 33

As plates diverge, land sinks to form valleys.

TERM 34

Transhumance

DEFINITION 34

The seasonal movement of people with their livestock.

TERM 35

Sahel

DEFINITION 35

Zone of ecological transition between the Sahara and wetter

Savanna to the south of Africa.

Desertification

Expansion of desert conditions.

TERM 37

Pastoralism

DEFINITION 37

Specialize in raising livestock.

TERM 38

Total Fertility Rate

DEFINITION 38

Average number of births a woman will have in her lifetime.

TERM 39

Subsistence Agriculture

DEFINITION 39

Self-sufficiency farming in which farmers focus on growing

enough food to feed their families and to sell at local

markets.

TERM 40

Lingua Franca

DEFINITION 40

Common language used to facilitate communication for a

specific purpose, usually trade.

Refugee

A person who flees their country because of a well-founded

fear of persecution based on race, ethnicity, religion,

ideology, or political affiliation.

TERM 47

Isolation Proximity

DEFINITION 47

Sustains cultural diversity, but limits economic opportunity.

Promotes migration to and economic dependence on North

America.

TERM 48

Circular Migration

DEFINITION 48

Move to find work, save money, and return home.

TERM 49

Diaspora

DEFINITION 49

Culture group scattered abroad over a large geographic

area.

TERM 50

Creolization

DEFINITION 50

Blending of European and African cultures.

Transnationalism

Immigrants maintaining close social, economic, and/or

political ties with home countries. Made possible through

media and telecommunications.

TERM 52

Chain Migration

DEFINITION 52

Individuals move first, followed by a chain of family and

friends.

TERM 53

Free-Trade Zones

DEFINITION 53

Tariff-free industrial parks attract assembly work from

foreign corporations.

TERM 54

Capital Leakage

DEFINITION 54

Huge gap between gross receipts and total tourist dollars

that stay.

TERM 55

Offshore Banking

DEFINITION 55

Offer foreign clients confidential and tax-exempt banking.

Physiologic Density

Number of people per unit of arable lands.

TERM 62

Islamic Fundamentalism

DEFINITION 62

Return to traditional beliefs and practices within the religion.

Emerged as a reaction against encroachment of global

population culture in the past 40 years.

TERM 63

Organization of Petroleum Exporting

Countries (OPEC)

DEFINITION 63

Created as a way to control world market price of oil.

TERM 64

Greater Arab Free-Trade Area

(GAFTA)

DEFINITION 64

Spur intraregional cooperation and eliminate trade barriers.

TERM 65

Primary

Sector

DEFINITION 65

Extraction of raw materials

Major Manufacturing Sectors in North

America: Northeast and Great Lakes

Historic core, heavy industry (auto and steel)

TERM 67

Native American Policies

DEFINITION 67

Historically in the 1800s killed them off or relocated them. In

the 1900s assimilation. Since the 1970s, granted greater self-

governance, given back some rights to natural resources,

and given back some land.

TERM 68

Political Tensions in Quebec

DEFINITION 68

French-Canadian back party gained control of parliament in

1976. Made French official language. Held a referendum on

provincial succession.

TERM 69

Major Manufacturing Sectors in North

America: Gulf Coast

DEFINITION 69

Petroleum and petrochemicals

TERM 70

Tertiary

Sector

DEFINITION 70

Services (including retail and transportation)

Top 5 U.S. Trade Partners

Canada China Mexico Japan Germany

TERM 77

The Columbian

Exchange

DEFINITION 77

Biological exchange of plants, animals, and diseases

between Latin America, Europe, and Africa following

European contact.

TERM 78

U.S. Relationship with Puerto Rico

DEFINITION 78

Commonwealth of the U.S. Puerto Ricans have U.S.

citizenship. Don't vote in presidential elections, but do in

primaries. Have a non-voting representative in the House of

Representatives. U.S. military protects Puerto Rico. Puerto

Rico voted in a referendum to stay a commonwealth of the

U.S.

TERM 79

Iraq's International Conflicts

DEFINITION 79

Squelched uprisings by Kurds and Shiites in 1980s and 1990s

Invaded Iran, 1980-1888 (Iran-Iraq War) Invaded Kuwait,

1990-1991(Persian Gulf War) Toppled by the U.S. in 2003

TERM 80

AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa

DEFINITION 80

AIDS originated in Africa in the 1970s. 29.4million people

have AIDS in Sub-Sahara Africa. In 2007, the average life

expectancy was 49 years.

Israel's West Bank

Israeli leadership let Jewish settlers in occupied West Bank.

Israeli security barrier constructed in 2003 to separate Jewish

and Palestinian communities. Barrier obstacle for

Palestinians.

TERM 82

U.S. Relationship with Cuba

DEFINITION 82

Cold War enemy of the U.S. Fidel Castro allied with the USSR.

In 1961, trade embargo, which continues today that includes

travel restrictions. Since 1991, Cuba has opened up to trade,

tourism, and joint ventures with non-communist countries.

TERM 83

Three Distinct Ethnic Groups in Iraq

DEFINITION 83

Shia Arabs Sunni Arabs Sunni Kurds

TERM 84

Niger-Congo Language Family

DEFINITION 84

Spread by pioneering farmers

TERM 85

Islamic Influence of Urban Landscapes

DEFINITION 85

Islam influenced cityscapes, they layout and the look of the

city.