Midterm Review | Study notes | Study notes Introduction to Cultural Anthropology

CSUSB - ANTH 341

Prof. Hareem Khan

Midterm review

Key terms

Globalization is the flows of trade, people, finance, cultures, and ideas in which the conflict

between the ‘global’ and ‘local’ is happening.

According to Lewellen, globalization is defined by 4 characteristics:

1. Time-space compression, the border distance is narrowed as the communicate development

and technology revolution,

2. Flexible accumulating, multinational corporations increase their profit by free trade,

3. The internationally movement of people creating the increased migration,

4. Uneven development, globalization unequally affects benefit distribution

ð Anthropologists define globalization different than other disciplines as they use culture as a

prism to approach other spheres such as economic or political.

According to Appadurai, his definition of globalization has 5 perspectives:

1. Ethnoscape is the movement of people by the rapid development of transportation or the

multi-directional of refugees and migrants

2. Technoscape is the movement and diffusion of technology across national boundaries

3. Financescape is the movement of money through transactions, trades, deregulation

4. Mediascape is the movement of global reach in which media allows us to view different cultures

and vice versa

5. Ideoscape is the movement of ideas or narratives from one area to all around the world

ð From those -scape, the ‘imagined’ world is no longer defined as realities changing, instead, it is

a combined world where we imagine, views, dreams to live in. things that missed from that

vission

Cultural homogenization versus cultural heterogenization:

Homogenization is not going to happen because of 2 reasons:

1. Americanization doesn’t have a strong reach to global cultures, instead, it would strongly affect

the neighbor cultures. For example, Cambodian culture is affected by Vietnam than America.

2. To adapt to a new culture, the local resistance is essential so it can create a world’s culture with

diversification without assimilation.

3 perspectives of globalization

o Skeptical: Globalization doesn’t exist or doesn’t matter

o Evolutionary: Look at the history to understand how globalization is being experienced today

o Hyperglobalist: Believe today globalization is different than it was in the past

Globalization: According to Inda and Rosaldo, globalization is establishment and proliferation of

complex international connection which are caused by various form of movements such as people,

commodities, capital, image, and ideologies.

Partial preview of the text

Download Midterm Review | Study notes and more Study notes Introduction to Cultural Anthropology in PDF only on Docsity!

CSUSB - ANTH 341

Prof. Hareem Khan Midterm review

Key terms

Globalization is the flows of trade, people, finance, cultures, and ideas in which the conflict between the ‘global’ and ‘local’ is happening. According to Lewellen, globalization is defined by 4 characteristics :

Time-space compression, the border distance is narrowed as the communicate development and technology revolution,
Flexible accumulating, multinational corporations increase their profit by free trade,
The internationally movement of people creating the increased migration,
Uneven development, globalization unequally affects benefit distribution ð Anthropologists define globalization different than other disciplines as they use culture as a prism to approach other spheres such as economic or political. According to Appadurai, his definition of globalization has 5 perspectives:
Ethnoscape is the movement of people by the rapid development of transportation or the multi-directional of refugees and migrants
Technoscape is the movement and diffusion of technology across national boundaries
Financescape is the movement of money through transactions, trades, deregulation
Mediascape is the movement of global reach in which media allows us to view different cultures and vice versa
Ideoscape is the movement of ideas or narratives from one area to all around the world ð From those - scape, the ‘imagined’ world is no longer defined as realities changing, instead, it is a combined world where we imagine, views, dreams to live in. things that missed from that vission Cultural homogenization versus cultural heterogenization: Homogenization is not going to happen because of 2 reasons:
Americanization doesn’t have a strong reach to global cultures, instead, it would strongly affect the neighbor cultures. For example, Cambodian culture is affected by Vietnam than America.
To adapt to a new culture, the local resistance is essential so it can create a world’s culture with diversification without assimilation. 3 perspectives of globalization o Skeptical: Globalization doesn’t exist or doesn’t matter o Evolutionary: Look at the history to understand how globalization is being experienced today o Hyperglobalist: Believe today globalization is different than it was in the past Globalization: According to Inda and Rosaldo, globalization is establishment and proliferation of complex international connection which are caused by various form of movements such as people, commodities, capital, image, and ideologies.

Culture: ‘the order of life in which human beings construct meaning through practice of symbolic representation. A system of meaning to interpret and make sense of the world’ => the existence of human is approach through the prism of culture in which is created by various material forms such as norms, value, symbols, and structures of power (media, politics, religion). According to the text, ‘a culture’ is referred by a group of people in which they share the meaning to interpret and make sense of the world, thus ‘a culture’ is a systematic idea and forms a country territory physically. But with the global flows, we see the mobility/change in those culture’s elements. As Inda and Rosaldo say about a globalization of interconnectedness or interdependence flow, so this has radically pulled culture apart from place. De/territorialization (Inda and Rosaldo) culture and place, space and time, process transcend. Globalized culture: For anthropologists, globalized culture is the movement of both deterritorialization and reterritorialization. While deterritorialized movement is about the lifting of culture subjects and objects in ‘space and time’ in which the ties between cultures and specific places is weakening or the culture no longer necessarily belongs to a particular place, reterritorialized refers to a process of re-localize culture in a new time - space context where it. Global women, de: move themselves to another places, re: impact the new environment, …., don’t forget the culture…bring to the new country, don’t just move n fit in, move n challenging, can relate to international students Kerala model of development: the debates from 2 sides (globalized promotion and globalized uneven, this both happens in Kerala and makes this place as a mode of development) Gulf houses refers to many men who migrate to a specific place where they can find a better job, better life, it call house with better….. transnational migration…ethnoscapes The crisis of consumerism and why it is important? The crisis: the pressure of daily practicing and negotiate in order to become a citizenship and belong to a society. People get stuck in participating between their consumption (ideas, money, culture) and culture consumption. Why does Rodney use underdevelopment vs development? Rodney uses the concept underdevelopment/development to point out the missing idea between Third countries and First countries. The majority refer underdevelopment as the economic inequality among countries by economic index such as GDP, CPI, PPI. However, Rodney deeply looks into the history of underdeveloped and developed countries which is a relationship of exploitation. For example, Africa is rich in natural, human, and culture resources but had been exploited for decades by Europe and North America countries. Thus, the exploiter become developed and the exploited become underdeveloped. In addition, the stage of development (communalism, slavery, feudalism, and capitalism) is emphasized as a tool to extract all the resources, expand the power, generate capital of exploiter countries. At the time being, neoliberalism is the next stage of development in which we see the participant of Third countries into the global flows based on the advancement of technology, culture, politics, etc. However, third countries are still being the victim of exploitation through another exploitative instruments like WTO, IMF, World Bank, MNCs, or international finance institutions which is called globalization and forced by First countries. I would say neoliberalism is a temporary level of capitalism to legalize the exploitation and improve power of First countries. Finally, neoliberalism is hidden face of recolonization Care drain: o a loss of love for children and an unbalanced role in families in the Third world

Midterm Review | Study notes, Study notes of Introduction to Cultural Anthropology

Related documents

Partial preview of the text

Download Midterm Review | Study notes and more Study notes Introduction to Cultural Anthropology in PDF only on Docsity!

CSUSB - ANTH 341

Key terms