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Understanding the Deaf Community: Terms, Communication, and Historical Context - Prof. Len, Study notes of School management&administration

Lansing Community CollegeSchool management&administration
Prof. Lenore S. Coscarelli

An overview of the deaf community, including terms related to hearing loss, parts of an audiogram, and communication methods. It also covers historical context, including the roles of thomas hudson gallaudet and alexander graham bell, and the cultural model of deafness. The document concludes with a discussion of the deaf community, its values and norms, and the differences between signers and interpreters.

Typology: Study notes

2010/2011

Uploaded on 11/17/2011

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DEAF COMMUNITY MID-TERM
CHAPTER 1:
TERMS:
•Deaf – group who share ASL language and a culture.
•Hard of Hearing – have some hearing, may benefit from hearing aids, receivers,
transmitters.
•Deaf blind - both hearing and vision loss
•Archaic & offensive terms of people w/hearing loss:
1. Deaf & Dumb
2. Handicapped
3. Deaf Mute
4. Disability
CHAPTER 2 :
•Parts of an audiogram:
1. Decibels (dB) – is loudness
2. Frequency (Hz) – is pitch
3. Threshold – is the softest sound a person can hear
4. Above line – can’t hear
5. Below line – can hear
6. Speech banana – areas between 250 Hz – 4000 Hz
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Download Understanding the Deaf Community: Terms, Communication, and Historical Context - Prof. Len and more Study notes School management&administration in PDF only on Docsity!

DEAF COMMUNITY MID-TERM

CHAPTER 1:

TERMS:

  • Deaf – group who share ASL language and a culture.
  • Hard of Hearing – have some hearing, may benefit from hearing aids, receivers, transmitters.
  • Deaf blind - both hearing and vision loss
  • Archaic & offensive terms of people w/hearing loss: 1. Deaf & Dumb 2. Handicapped 3. Deaf Mute 4. Disability

CHAPTER 2 :

  • Parts of an audiogram :
    1. Decibels (dB) – is loudness
    2. Frequency (Hz) – is pitch
    3. Threshold – is the softest sound a person can hear
    4. Above line – can’t hear
    5. Below line – can hear
    6. Speech banana – areas between 250 Hz – 4000 Hz

20 dB – 60 dB If a person’s hearing threshold crosses this area, human speech sounds will be unclear or muffled. If the threshold falls below this area, they can’t process speech through their ears at all.

CHAPTER 3:

TERMS:

  • Pre-lingual – loss existed before language development
  • Post-lingual – loss occurred after language development
  • Congenita l – loss occurred before birth
  • Adventitious – loss occurred after birth
  • Conductive – loss occurred in the outer or middle ear
  • Sensorineural – loss occurred in the inner ear or auditory cortex
  • Mixed – loss is some combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss.
  • 30% of speech reading is available from the lips alone.
  • Making speech reading easier by : 1. A quite environment 2. Be aware of light sources 3. Have their attention 4. Eye contact 5. Avoid gum/chewing 6. Repeat then restate
  1. Cultural – baby boomers, Italians
  • Feedback – receiver understands message and responds
  • Noise – all factors that interfere with message:
  1. Physical – sound and visual information
  2. Physiological – hearing loss, vision loss, illness, disabilities
  3. Psychological – forces inside sender or receiver that interfere with the message.
  • 5 Decision Making Models :
  1. Consensus – everyone agrees
  2. Majority vote – most agree
  3. Minority Decision – few members make the decision that affects the entire group
  4. Expert Opinion – one person with skills and knowledge makes informed decision
  5. Authority Rule – one person makes final decision.

CHAPTER 5:

  • Who is Thomas Hudson Gallaudet and where did he get his teaching methods? Thomas Hudson Gallaudet went to (Paris) Europe to research teaching methods at the National Institute for the Deaf & Dumb with money funded by Mason Cogswell, Alice Cogswell’s father.
  • Who is AG Bell and what were his teaching methods****? Alexander Graham Bell He said signing wasn’t a real language

He tried to get a Bill passed for sterilization Didn’t want deaf people to marry

  • What are the historical roots of ASL? First reported use of sign language was 1000 B.C.
  • In what ways did the NAD seek to protect Deaf Americans’ rights? Fought for deaf people’s right to drive Endorsed the terms “deaf” & “hard-of-hearing” Fought for foster children
  • What is eugenics & what does it mean for Deaf Americans’ rights? They did not want deaf people to inter-marry for fear they would have more deaf children.
  • What was decided at the Milan Conference & what was the result? The oral method should be preferred to that of signs in the education and instruction of deaf mutes. Felt the pure oral method should be preferred. RESULTS : Deaf teachers loss their jobs Fledgling National Association of the Deaf attracted more supporters as deaf people fought to save their language & culture President of Gallaudet College decided to retain sign language on the Gallaudet campus

CHAPTER 6:

  • How do CODA’s fit in the Hearing Community? They don’t, they are in the middle
  • What are the four requirements to be in the “core” Deaf Community?
    1. Audiological
    2. Social
    3. Linguistic
    4. Political
  • What is the difference between a signer & an interpreter? Signers: Interpreters: Not professional Certified or qualified professionals Little socializing with Involved in the deaf community Deaf community Have had 1-2 sign language Formally trained classes Know basic sign language Have essential knowledge of Deaf Culture & background in ASL
  • What is the difference between a sign system & a sign language? Sign systems - wasn’t universal Sign language – used since the est. of ASD