Download MLPAO 163 Exam Practice: Microbiology and Hematology and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
MLPAO 163 EXAM PRACTICE
________________ infections affect the deeper layers of the skin, including muscle and connective tissue - โ โ Subcutaneous __________________ affects the lungs and can disseminate to internal organs or the deep tissues of the body - โ โ Systemic mycosis The _____________ ________________ test is a simple rapid test used to identify Candida albicans - โ โ Germ tube Budding happens more in molds or yeast? - โ โ Yeast Which type of infection causes ring like patches like ring worm - โ โ Cutaneous Which type of immunity is where antibodies are introduced to the blood steam - โ โ Passive Which type of immunity provides lasting immunity - โ โ Active What is the natural resistance of the immune system - โ โ Skin, mucous membrane, tears, sweat, stomach acid What is something that lives on dead organic matter - โ โ Saprophytes What is something that lives on living organisms - โ โ Parasite What is the stain that outlines fungi in black due to the silver precipitating in the cell wall - โ โ Gomori
What is the recommended urine sample for an HCg - โ โ First morning urine Immunologically tests for IM are designed to detect heterophile antibodies in the patients blood. What infection are the referring to
- โ โ IM (infectious mononucleosis) Hemoglobin makes up over ____________ of red blood cell content - โ โ 98% A small branch of an artery leading to a Capillery is - โ โ Arteriole A blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissues is - โ โ Artery A mini blood vessel that connects the smallest arteries to the smallest veins and serves as an oxygen exchange vessel is - โ โ Capillary The form of haemoglobin that binds and transports oxygen is - โ โ Oxyhemoglobin A small vein connecting a Capillary to a vein is - โ โ Venule A blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the tissues to the heart is - โ โ Vein What is a thrombocyte - โ โ A blood platelet What is a leucocyte? - โ โ white blood cell The process of stopping bleeding which includes clot formation and clot in dissolution is - โ โ Haemostasis
Combination of eosin and methylene blue dyes in methanol is - โ โ Wrights Stain Smears that are _____________ can be caused by the stain time being too short, wash time being too long, or the pH of the stain being too acidic. - โ โ Too Pink Smears that are _________________ can be caused by over staining, wash time being too short, or pH of the stain being too alkaline. - โ โ Too Blue The largest circulating WBC - โ โ Monocyte Smallest WBC - โ โ Lymphocyte Reduced colour or hemoglobin content is - โ โ Hypochromic A significant variation on the shape of an RBC is - โ โ Poikilocytosis A hemoglobin diluting reagent that contains iron, potassium, cyanide, and sodium bicarbonate. - โ โ Drabkins Reagent What is the area counted in mm squared for a RBC count - โ โ
What is the area counted in mm squared for a WBC leuko tic method - โ โ 4. What is the area counted in mmm squared for platlets - โ โ
Abnormally high number of platelets in the blood is - โ โ Thrombocytosis
The protein portion of the haemoglobin molecule is - โ โ Globin The iron containing portion of the haemoglobin molecule is - โ โ Heme What is the primary component of RBC and is the oxygen carrying molecule - โ โ Hemoglobin Haemoglobin binds ___________ and transports it to the _______________ and tissues - โ โ Oxygen, lungs The haemoglobin determination can be performed using either _________________ or ____________________ blood - โ โ Capillary, venous The shape of a leukocyte is - โ โ Nuclear shape varies Shape of an erythrocyte is - โ โ biconcave disc The shape of a thrombocyte is - โ โ Varied What percentage of the plasma is water - โ โ 90% An immature erythrocyte that still contains RNA remnants in the cytoplasm is - โ โ Reticulocyte The nucleic acid that is important in protein synthesis and that is found in all living cells is - โ โ RNA A nontoxic die used to stay in living cells or tissues is - โ โ Supra-vital stain The production of red blood cells is - โ โ erythropoiesis
Groups of red blood cells arranged like a roll of coins is - โ โ Rouleau The process of solid particles settling to the bottom of a liquid is - โ โ Sedimentation A slender pipette marked 40 to 200 mm and used in the Westergren Erythrocyte sedimentation rate method is - โ โ Westergren Pipet A slender thick walled tube used in the wintrobe erythrocyte sedimentation rate is - โ โ Wintrobe tube What is a ESR test used to detect - โ โ Inflammation An RBC count above normal is - โ โ Erythrocytosis Increase in WBC count is - โ โ leukocytosis A decrease below normal in the total number of WBC is - โ โ Leukopenia / Leukocytopenia An increase in platelets is called - โ โ thrombocytosis A decrease in platelets is called - โ โ thrombocytopenia If fluid overflows into the moat around the platforms or if air bubbles occur the haemocytometer must be - โ โ Cleaned, dried, reloaded The blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen are - โ โ Erythrocytes The approximate lifespan in peripheral blood for red blood cells is
What is essential to the oxygen carrying capacity of a molecule of haemoglobin - โ โ Iron A haemoglobin variant resulting in a sickle cell anaemia in the homogenous state is - โ โ Hemoglobin S The principal form of haemoglobin found in blood of normal adults is - โ โ Hemoglobin A The principal form of haemoglobin during intrauterine life and at birth is - โ โ Haemoglobin F An irreversible combination of haemoglobin with a sulfa group incapable of transporting oxygen or reverting to functional haemoglobin is - โ โ Sulfhemoglobin Haemoglobin containing iron in a ferric rather than a Ferris state is - โ โ Methemoglobin Thrombocytes are also known as - โ โ platelets The anticoagulant of choice for a complete blood count is - โ โ EDTA Haematologic tests that may not be part of the usual complete blood count is - โ โ Reticulocyte count Anaemia associated with increased plasma volume (pregnancy/over hydration) is - โ โ Normochromic normocytic What is deoxyhemoglobin? - โ โ hemoglobin with no oxygen bound to it What is a megakaryocyte? - โ โ a large bone marrow cell with a lobulated nucleus responsible for the production of blood
Which culture medium is used for inoculating streptococcus - โ โ Blood agar Which bacteria is found in relation to diagnosing a UTI - โ โ E.coli What are cell cultures used for - โ โ Isolating and identifying bacteria What is direct detection - โ โ Detecting a viral antigen in a clinical specimen What kind of specimen should you gather if you are trying to diagnose streptococcus pneumoniae - โ โ Sputum, recommended media is blood agar What is it called when you estimate the number of bacteria in a urine sample - โ โ Colony count UTIs are most commonly found in the - โ โ Urethra Urine specimens are streaked onto two txt pens of media. What are they? - โ โ Primary medium (blood agar) Indicator/Selective medium (EMB or MAC) Most common type of bacteria stain - โ โ Gram stain What is the procedure for gram staining - โ โ Primary Stain, Grams Iodine, Decolorizer, Counter Stain What is the primary stain for a gram stain - โ โ crystal violet What is Gram's Iodine? - โ โ mordant
What is a mordant? - โ โ A substance that causes a dye or a stain to adhere to the object being stained What is a commonly used decolorizer? - โ โ Alcohol or Alcohol\Acetone mixture Which counterstain is used during gram staining - โ โ Safranin (red) What colour is a gram negative bacteria stained - โ โ Pink/Red What colour is a gram positive bacteria stained - โ โ Violet Staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyogenes are gram _____________ bacteria - โ โ Positive Cabinets that protect the worker and the environment but not the culture are which class - โ โ Class 1 Cabinets that protect the worker, the environment, and the culture are what class - โ โ Class 2 What is agar - โ โ Extracts from marine algae. Main function is a solidifying agent. Most microbes can't degrade it so it remains solid. What is the most common primary medium - โ โ Blood agar A medium that inhibits the growth of organisms other than the one being sought is termed a(n) - โ โ Selective medium A medium that detects metabolic activity of a particular microorganism - โ โ Indicator or Differential medium
A test performed to determine the antibiotic which would be most effective in treating a particular infection is called - โ โ Antibiotic susceptibility testing What temperature is mold incubated at - โ โ 22-27 C What temperature is yeast incubated at - โ โ 37 C counterstain in ziehl neelsen - โ โ Safranin How many swabs should you gather from a patient when preparing a smear - โ โ 2 If you can only obtain 1 swab from a patient what should you do before preparing the smear - โ โ Inoculate the bacteria on blood agar A mordant + a dye forms a? - โ โ CVI/Lake Infection caused by a fungus is called - โ โ mycosis Molds have branching filaments called what - โ โ Hyphae The vegetative structure of a fungus made up of hyphae is called
- โ โ Mycelium Fungi reproduce using what - โ โ spores Most molds are aerobic or anaerobic? - โ โ Aerobic What is the medium that selects for growth of pathogenic fungi - โ โ Sabouraud agar Candida species can be found on _______________ __________________ and _________________ without causing
infection in healthy patients - โ โ Mucous membranes and skin What is the most frequently isolated yeast called - โ โ Candida albicans __________________ is a fungal infection caused by yeasts that belong to the genus candida - โ โ Candidiasis _________________ mycosis is one confined to the outermost skin and hair layer - โ โ Superficial _________________infections affect the keratinized layer of the skin hair or nails - โ โ Cutaneous
