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MN654 Final Exam Questions And
Complete Answers
Treatment for osteomyelitis - Answer 6wk atbx. Dx w bone bx Staph aureus most common Empiric cov mssa ang gn- vanc/zosyn Mssa- cefazolin Presentation and diagnostics/ findings for subacute thyroiditis? - Answer result of a viral infection. The condition often occurs a few weeks after a viral infection of the ear, sinus, or throat, such as mumps, the flu, or a common cold. most obvious symptom is pain in the neck caused by a swollen and inflamed thyroid gland. Sometimes, the pain can spread (radiate) to the jaw or ears symptoms of hyperthyroidism Treatment for Phalen and Tinel sign? - Answer classic clinical signs of carpal tunnel syndrome Treatment includes RICE, Stretching, and surgery Which primary tumor is likely to mets to bone? - Answer Breast, prostate, thyroid, most likely What diagnostic is needed to confirm cytomegaly virus colitis? - Answer See in immunocompromised and HIV Diagnosed with endoscopy (sigmoid or colonoscopy) with biopsy Biopsies from endoscopic procedures should show cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies Difference between cholecystitis and ascending cholangitis? - Answer Cholecystitis Inflammation of the gallbladder caused by gallstones blocking the bile ducts. Symptoms include constant pain in the right upper quadrant, pain that may radiate to the shoulder and interscapular region, and fever. Ascending cholangitis A bacterial infection of the biliary tree. Symptoms include right upper quadrant pain, fever, and jaundice. Differential diagnosis for mild leukocytosis, eosinophilia and elevated ESR? - Answer
Asthma, Inflammatory bowel disease, What infections are associated with lymphoid malignancy - Answer Epstein bar virus, HTLV-1, H. pylori, Hep B & C, and HIV How would you diagnose ALL? - Answer Pancytopenia hallmark sign, confirmed with bone marrow biopsy CDIFF treatment? - Answer Oral: Metronidazole or vancomycin (or IV Metronidazole if PO not possible. If caused by ABX, stop it. Contraindications for live vaccines? - Answer Hiv, chemo, immunocompromised, pregnancy and known allergic reactions DVT prophylaxis therapy? - Answer Low molecular hep- longer lasting- lovenox Unfractionated hep- shorter acting SCD Hypo vs hypernatremia: If they had DI, what would that look like diagnostic wise - Answer urinary specific gravity of 1.005 or less and a urinary osmolality of less than 200 mOsm/kg. Random plasma osmolality generally is greater than 287 mOsm/kg Which dermatological disorder is most associated with elevated serum IGE levels? - Answer Atopic dermatitis AKA eczema Which cancer develops actinic keratosis - Answer squamous cell carcinoma What warrants treatment for hypothyroidism? - Answer Symptoms CML symptoms and signs? - Answer Unexplained weight loss, night sweats, Philadelphia chromosome & blasts AML signs and symptoms? - Answer sudden onset easy bruising, joint pain, shortness of breath, frequent infection, painless lumps on the body. Increased immature WBC. Appendicitis and diagnostic workup - Answer n/v, wbc, T, RLQ pain. Starts vague periumbilical >RLQ psoas- hip flexion rosving- referred pain mcburnits pt- push RLQ Dx- CT Cholecystitis presentation? - Answer Murphy's sign
Mcburneys sign? - Answer rebound tenderness appendicitis
Murpheys? - Answer inhale deeply while the physician applies steady pressure to the right upper quadrant, just below the ribcage. cholecystitis
Treatment choices for COPD/ asthma? - Answer Mainstay inhaled ipratotopium or NE. Dx spirometry Goal decrease exacerbations Immunizations, supplemental 02 (best most effective), saba, bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids combo
Management of rheumatoid arthritis? - Answer DMARDS (methotrexate), steroids to bridge to immunotherapy, NSAIDS and other pain medications to manage pain
Management of gout? - Answer great toe often. Flare- colchicine, nsaids, steroids. Maintenance- allopurinol
Steven Johnson syndrome vs necrotizing fasciitis? - Answer SJ: severe skin reaction that's often triggered by medications. It's characterized by inflammation, redness, and skin shedding, and can affect less than 10% of the body's surface area.
NF: tissue infection that can rapidly spread and cause tissue to deteriorate. It's often caused by untreated cellulitis or erysipelas
Leading cause of cancer deaths? - Answer Lung cancer
RA Characteristics? - Answer -usually affects joints symmetrically -may begin in couple of joints only -most frequently in wrists, hands, elbows, shoulders, knees, and ankles -Pain improves with movement
OA characteristics? - Answer -Most common joint disease -Progressive "wear and tear" of large joints -Pain usually worsens with use -Asymmetric joint involvement
Symptoms of TLS and what you would find on diagnostic evaluation? - Answer -Symptoms: decreased urine output, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, numbness, tingling, confusion, chest pain and palpitations
-Labs would show Increased Potassium, Phosphorus, Uric Acid and low calcium
Tension headache symptoms? - Answer Pain can be all over the head, but is often worse in the temples, scalp, back of the neck, or shoulders
Migraine characteristics? - Answer unilateral, throbbing, pulsatile, n/v, photosensitivity
Cluster headache symptoms? - Answer severe pain on one side of the head, usually around or behind the eye, that can feel sharp, stabbing, burning, or steady.
Antibiotic considerations for HAP? - Answer empiric therapy may include an agent like cefepime or piperacillin-tazobactam.
Treatment for tumor lysis syndrome? - Answer Aggressive Hydration Treat electrolyte imbalances Potassium Excretion (lokelma) allopurinol or rasburicase Hemodialysis, IV glucose and insulin, IV calcium gluconate, Phosphorous Binders: aluminum hydroxide and aluminum carbonate
