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Modern technologies and It's functions, Lecture notes of Information Technology

Modern technology refers to the cutting-edge innovations and advancements that have transformed the way we live, work, and communicate. It encompasses a wide range of devices, systems, and platforms that are designed to improve efficiency, productivity, and quality of life.

Typology: Lecture notes

2023/2024

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Modern Technologies
It refers to the advancement of old technology through
new additions and modifications. It has significantly
impacted various aspects of our lives. Let’s explore some
examples and discuss its advantages and disadvantages.
Modern technologies are rapidly evolving, and as of 2024,
some of the most exciting advancements include:
1. Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that
integrates natural sciences and engineering. Its core
principle involves harnessing biological systems and
organisms such as bacteria, yeast, and plants to
perform specific tasks or produce valuable
substances.
Here are some key points about biotechnology:
Applications
-Medicine: Biotechnology has led to life-saving
drugs, including insulin and vaccines.
-Agriculture: Genetically modified crops (GMOs)
improve crop yield and resistance.
-Industrial: Fermentation produces products like
beer, wine, and cheese.
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Modern Technologies

It refers to the advancement of old technology through new additions and modifications. It has significantly impacted various aspects of our lives. Let’s explore some examples and discuss its advantages and disadvantages. Modern technologies are rapidly evolving, and as of 2024, some of the most exciting advancements include:

  1. Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that integrates natural sciences and engineering. Its core principle involves harnessing biological systems and organisms such as bacteria, yeast, and plants to perform specific tasks or produce valuable substances. Here are some key points about biotechnology: Applications
  • Medicine : Biotechnology has led to life-saving drugs, including insulin and vaccines.
  • Agriculture : Genetically modified crops (GMOs) improve crop yield and resistance.
  • Industrial : Fermentation produces products like beer, wine, and cheese.
  • Environmental : Biodegradable plastics and microbial cleanup of contaminated sites.
  1. Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the ability of digital computers or computer-controlled robots to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. These tasks include reasoning, discovering meaning, generalizing, and learning from past experiences. Since the development of digital computers in the 1940s, it has been demonstrated that they can carry out complex tasks, such as proving mathematical theorems or playing chess, with great proficiency. However, there are still no programs that can match full human flexibility across wider domains or tasks requiring extensive everyday knowledge. Some applications of AI include medical diagnosis, computer search engines., voice or handwriting recognition, and chatbots.
  2. Computing refers to any goal-oriented activity that involves using or creating computing machinery. It encompasses both the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, as well as the development of hardware and software. Here are some key points about computing: Disciplines of Computing :

Components of a Robot : o Mechanical Construction : Robots are designed for specific environments. For example, the Mars 2020 Rover’s individually motorized wheels help it navigate the harsh terrain of the red planet. o Electrical Components : Robots require electrical components (like batteries) to power their machinery. o Software Programming : Robots run on computer programs, enabling them to carry out tasks effectively.  Control System : o The control system acts as a robot’s central processing unit, similar to how our brain sends signals throughout our body. o Robotic tasks range from minimally invasive surgery to assembly line packing.  Sensors : o Sensors provide robots with stimuli (electrical signals) to interact with the outside world.

  1. Climate technologies aimed at combating climate change, such as carbon capture and renewable energy systems, are gaining traction.

Importance of Climate Tech: o Climate tech encompasses a diverse range of technologies explicitly designed to combat climate change. o These technologies aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enhance carbon sequestration, and promote sustainability across various sectors.