Module 6 Mendelian Genetics, Exercises of Genetics

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Module 6

Mendelian Genetics

Student Name: ________________________________________

Total Possible Marks Your Mark

Lesson 2

Lesson 3

Lesson 4

Lesson 5

Lesson 6

Lesson 7

Lesson 9

Lesson 10

Total

Marks

Teacher Comments:

Calculations

(1 mark) 1.^ Based on the information from “Question 1” (of crossing hybrids) on the^ previous page, what was the

expected ratio of Black : White offspring? **** Note: “expected ratio” is NOT the result of the first cross you did in the gizmo**

(2 marks) 2.^ What actual numbers did you discover from 100 crosses? How do these numbers compare to the

expected ratio?

(1 mark) 3.^ Based on the information from “Question 2” (of crossing a heterozygous and a homozygous mouse)

on the previous page, what was the expected ratio of Black : White offspring?

(2 marks) 4. What actual numbers did you discover from 100 crosses? How do these numbers compare to the

expected ratio?

Conclusions

Answer the following questions about the simulation you carried out.

(1 mark) 1. What combinations of parents give rise to only white-fur offspring?

(1 mark) 2. What combinations of parents give rise to only black-fur offspring?

(1 mark) 3.^ What combinations of parents give rise to both black-fur and white-fur offspring?

(2 marks) 4.^ Complete the following Punnett Square.

Parent 1

Parent 2

F f

F

f

(1 mark) 5.^ When a homozygous, or pure breeding, white mouse is crossed with a heterozygous black mouse,

what is the expected Black : White ratio in the offspring?

(1 mark) 6.^ When a homozygous, or pure breeding, white mouse is crossed with a homozygous black mouse,

what is the expected Black : White ratio in the offspring?

(1 mark) 7. The parents in both of the crosses look the same. Why are the results different?

(2 marks) 8. How can a pure white mouse help determine the genotype of a black mouse? (Hint: We cannot see

genotype but we can see differences in the phenotype of their offspring).

Conclusions

Answer the following questions about the simulation you carried out.

(2 marks) 1.^ Complete the following Punnett Square

Parent 1

Parent 2

FR^ FW

FR

F

W

(2 marks) 2. When a homozygous chicken (white or red) is bred to a heterozygous chicken (red/white),

a.) approximately what percentage of the offspring will be homozygous? b.) what percentage will be heterozygous?

a. __________

b. __________

(3 marks) 3.^ Are there any combinations of parent chicken genotypes that produce both red offspring and white

offspring, but no red/white offspring? Explain why or why not.

(29 marks) (^) Lesson 4: Dihybrid Crosses

This Module 6: Lesson 4 Assignment is worth 29 marks. The value of each question is stated in the left margin.

Two Trait Mouse Genetics Lab on the LearnAlberta website, search “Mouse Genetics (Two Traits)”

Observations

(2 marks) 1.^ Activity A

Work through the activity until you complete step 4 (crossing FfEe x FfEe). Click on the “Copy Screen” button near the bottom right and paste the resulting image in a Paint document. Save the image and then print it and attach it to the assignment, or draw it below (you need to include the Punnett square in your drawing). Be sure “Show statistics” is turned on.

CALCULATIONS

(1 mark) 1.^ Based on FfEe crossed with FfEe, what is the expected ratio of Black : White fur offspring?

(2 marks) 2.^ What actual numbers did you discover from 100 crosses? How do these numbers compare to the

expected ratio?

(1 mark) 3.^ Based on the FfEe crossed with FfEe, what is the expected ratio of Black : Red eye offspring?

(2 marks) 4. What actual numbers did you discover from 100 crosses? How do these numbers compare to the

expected ratio?

(1 mark) 4.^ How many have white fur and red eyes?

(1 mark) 5.^ How do these numbers compare to the probabilities you calculated in question 5 in the

“CALCULATIONS” section? Do they coincide?

ACTIVITY B

(2 marks) 1.^ Work through the activity until you complete^ step^3 (crossing FfEe x Ffee). Click on the “Copy

Screen” button near the bottom right and paste the resulting image in a Paint document. Save the image and then print it and attach it to the assignment, or draw it below (you need to include the Punnett square in your drawing). Be sure “Show statistics” is turned on.

PREDICTION

1. Predict the fraction or percentage for all possible offspring phenotypes given each pair of genotypes below. You may choose to create a Punnett square, or to work with probabilities.

(2 marks) a.^ FfEe x ffee

Black Fur, Black Eyes:

Black Fur, Red Eyes:

White Fur, Black Eyes:

White Fur, Red Eyes:

(2 marks) b. FfEE x Ffee

Black Fur, Black Eyes:

Black Fur, Red Eyes:

White Fur, Black Eyes:

White Fur, Red Eyes:

(11 marks) (^) Lesson 5: Probability

This Module 6: Lesson 5 Assignment is worth 11 marks. The value of each question is stated in the left margin.

(1 mark) 1.^ What is the general rule for determining the probability of inheriting two specific traits at the same

time?

(2 marks) 2.^ Apply the concept of probability to a Di-hybrid cross, using widow’s peak hairline and free earlobes as

the inherited traits. Widow’s peak is dominant to a straight hairline, and free earlobes are dominant to attached earlobes. Use W for widows peak and w for straight hairline, and E for free earlobes and e for attached earlobes. What are the chances that two individuals heterozygous for widow’s peak and free earlobes, EeWw , will have a girl with a straight hairline and attached earlobes? (Do not forget that gender outcome is also a probability.)

3. In humans, Rh+ blood is dominant to Rh–. A man and woman are both Rh+, but their first child is Rh–.

(1 mark) a. What is the chance that their next child will be Rh–?

(2 marks) b.^ Calculate the probability that the next child will be an Rh+ girl.

(24 marks) (^) Lesson 6: Chromosomal Theory and Sex-linked Inheritance

This Module 6: Lesson 6 Assignment is worth 24 marks. The value of each question is stated in the left margin.

(3 marks)

(3 Marks)

Sex Linked Traits Lab (Virtual lab on Biology 30 site: Module 6 > Lesson 6 > Lab page)

Drosophila Mating

Use the following tables, to record the data you obtained from conducting the two different P crosses (Cross One: red male and white female; Cross Two: white male and red female) using the vials on the shelf.

Cross One: Red Male x White Female

Phenotype

of Male

Parent

Phenotype

of Female

Parent

# of

Red-eye

Male

Offspring

# of

White-eye

Male

Offspring

# of

Red-eye

Female

Offspring

# of

White-eye

Female

Offspring

P Gen

F1 Gen

F1 Used in

Cross

F2 Gen

Cross Two: White Male x Red Female

Phenotype

of Male

Parent

Phenotype

of Female

Parent

# of

Red-eye

Male

Offspring

# of

White-eye

Male

Offspring

# of

Red-eye

Female

Offspring

# of

White-eye

Female

Offspring

P Gen

F1 Gen

F1 Used in

Cross

F2 Gen

Make sure you have conducted several crosses in the notebook on the screen. This drag and drop practice is easy to do and will help you understand how to analyze X-linked crosses.

Answer the following questions about the simulation you just carried out (these are the Journal questions from the simulation).

(2 marks) 1. Describe the phenotypes and genotypes of the parents that you chose on the Punnett squares

screen.

(3 marks) 2.^ a) Describe the offspring (F1 generation) phenotype and genotype ratios that resulted from crossing

the parents that you chose on the Punnett squares screen. Then using these ratios, b) what percentage is white-eyed? c) what percentage is red-eyed?

( 3 marks) 3. Did you mate Drosophila in the laboratory first, or did you perform genetic crosses using Punnett

squares first? Why? Compare and contrast the data you collected from the Punnett squares to the data you collected from the Drosophila mating.

(2 marks) 4. In a mating between a red-eyed male fruit fly and a red-eyed heterozygous female, what percentage

of the female offspring is expected to be carriers? How did you determine the percentage?

Gecko and Bird Lab on the Learn Alberta website, search “Effect of Temperature on Gender”

During this lab you created two larger collections of data: one for the effect of temperature on chicken hatchings, and one for the effect of temperature on gecko hatchings. You followed the instructions given in the guide under heading #2 to create the table and graph for the chicken experiments. Paste the Table and Graph data into the answer boxes below by either copying into a Paint document and printing, or by drawing an approximation of the screenshot in the space below.

(2 marks) a.^ Table of Evidence for the Chicken Hatchings

(2 marks) b.^ Graph for the Chicken Hatchings (choose either male or female)

(1 6 marks) (^) Lesson 7: Genes and the Environment

This Module 6: Lesson 7 Assignment is worth 16 marks. The value of each question is stated in the left margin.

2. In a similar fashion, follow the instructions under heading #3 to create the table and graph for the gecko experiments.

(2 marks) Table of Evidence for the Gecko Hatchings

(2 marks) Graph for the Gecko Hatchings (choose either male or female)

(10 marks) (^) Lesson 9: Crossing Over Frequencies and Gene Mapping

This Module 6: Lesson 9 Assignment is worth 10 marks. The value of each question is stated in the left margin.

(6 marks)

(2 marks)

(2 marks)

Lab: Mapping Chromosomes

Constructing gene maps allows researchers to locate and study genes and their inheritance more easily. You will practice creating your own map by completing Part A of “Thought Lab 17.1” on page 602 of your textbook.

Follow the instructions given in the text for part A. Create a simple graphic indicating the distance in map units between the genes studied. Make sure your map is correct with respect to relative distance. Use a key such as 1 cm = 1 map unit. Place a copy of the chromosome map here:

Analysis – Part A

(11 Marks) (^) Lesson 10: Plant, Animal and Human Genetics

This Module 6: Lesson 10 Assignment is worth 11 marks. Each genotype given is worth one mark

The pedigree below shows the family history for a gene that causes the absence of toenails. The allele causing the presence of toenails is dominant to the one causing the absence of toenails. Identify the genotype of all individuals in the pedigree below using the following symbols

T = dominant allele t = recessive allele ? = cannot determine this allele from the information given

Two genotypes have been given.

This is the end of the module. Please check your work, make sure your name is on the cover, and submit

the completed module to your instructor for marking.