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Moons Phases and Tides, Exams of Astronomy

The Earth's tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon. • The Earth bulges slightly both toward and away from the Moon. -As the Earth rotates daily, ...

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2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

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Moons Phases and Tides
Moon Phases
Half of the Moon is always lit up by the sun.
As the Moon orbits the Earth, we see different parts of the lighted area.
From Earth, the lit portion we see of the moon waxes (grows) and
wanes (shrinks).
The revolution of the Moon around the Earth makes the Moon look as if
it is changing shape in the sky
The Moon passes through four major shapes during a cycle that repeats itself
every 29.5 days.
The phases always follow one another in the same order:
New moon
Waxing Crescent
First quarter
Waxing Gibbous
Full moon
Waning Gibbous
Third (last) Quarter
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Moon’s Phases and Tides

Moon Phases

 Half of the Moon is always lit up by the sun.

 As the Moon orbits the Earth, we see different parts of the lighted area.

 From Earth, the lit portion we see of the moon waxes (grows) and

wanes (shrinks).

The revolution of the Moon around the Earth makes the Moon look as if

it is changing shape in the sky

 The Moon passes through four major shapes during a cycle that repeats itself every 29.5 days.  The phases always follow one another in the same order: New moon

Waxing Crescent

First quarter

Waxing Gibbous

Full moon

Waning Gibbous

Third (last) Quarter

Waning Crescent

• IF LIT FROM THE RIGHT, IT IS WAXING OR GROWING

• IF DARKENING FROM THE RIGHT, IT IS WANING (SHRINKING)

Tides

  • The Moon's gravitational pull on the Earth cause the seas and oceans to rise and fall in an endless cycle of low and high tides.
  • Much of the Earth's shoreline life depends on the tides.
    • Crabs, starfish, mussels, barnacles, etc.

Tides caused by the Moon

  • The Earth's tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon.
  • The Earth bulges slightly both toward and away from the Moon. -As the Earth rotates daily, the bulges move across the Earth****.
  • The moon pulls strongly on the water on the side of Earth closest to the moon, causing the water to bulge.

Neap Tides

  • During first quarter of the lunar month, the line from the moon to Earth is at a right angle to the line between Earth and the sun.
  • The result is a neap tide.
  • The same effect happens during third quarter.
  • These occur during first and last quarter moons. The gravitational pull is not as strong.
  • Sun Earth
  • Moon

Spring Tide

Highest high tide and lowest low tide

Neap Tide

Moderate tidal range

Description of tides

  • High water: a water level maximum ("high tide")
  • Low water: a water level minimum ("low tide")
  • Tidal range: the difference between high and low tide
  • Spring Tide: full moon and new moon (14.77 days)
  • Neap Tide: 1st quarter and 3rd quarter (14.77 days)
  • How many high tides occur daily?
    • Two
  • How many weekly?
    • Fourteen
  • How many in 30 days?
    • Sixty

Intertidal Zone

zone

High tide

Low tide