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MSN 570 Advanced Pathophysiology Week 3
exam with answers
Which of the following require prophylactic antibiotic therapy to prevent endocarditis? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Invasive procedures Which of the following best describes ipratropium? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Anticholingeric- given for acute bronchospasm (when paired with albuterol under the name Combivient of Duoneb) To properly diagnose non-urgent/emergent hypertension (an absence CV risk factors and a BP of <180/110) a patient needs to have elevated blood pressure readings after how many visits? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔two or more visits within 1-4 weeks Which of the following best describes the manner by how a patient most likely acquires cystic fibrosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔autosomal recessive manner Which of the following is the recommended management of sinus tachycardia? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔treat underlying cause Which of the following drug classes is most commonly used in the treatment of isolated stable angina? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔nitro, rest, anitplatelet, cabg, angioplasty During your assessment of a patient with Bacterial Endocarditis which of the following is most likely to be seen? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔fever, new
murmur, janway lesions, splinter hemorrhages, roth-white round spots on retina, anemia, tender lesions on finger or toe pads- Osler lesions Which of the following number ranges or values are considered normal diastolic blood pressure value? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔< Which of the following ACC/AHA classifications is most likely associated with a systolic blood pressure 130-139 and a diastolic blood pressure 80-89? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Stage I hypertension During inspection of the skin, which of the following physical findings is most likely to be seen in patients with hypercholesterolemia? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Atheromas, plaques in blood vessels walls, tissue ischemia, xanthomas, lipemia retinalis Which of the following best describes a cause of acute pericarditis? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔idiopathic, infection, trauma, cardiac-MI, autoimmune, tumor, radiation, uremia In atrial fibrillation, which of the following best describes the PR interval? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔no PR interval Which of the following is true of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔restlessness, dyspnea, refractory hypoxemia, decreased PA02, diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, atelectasis, pulmonary hypertension, high mortality rate
Which of the following is a characteristic most likely associated with myoglobin?
- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔peak elevation 24 hours after infarction, related to muscle injury Which of the following parts of an ECG correlates with ventricular depolarization? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔measured by QRS complex Which of the following medications is best indicated for the treatment of Influenza? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Zanamivir (Relenza), Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) The primary defect seen in cystic fibrosis most likely leads to which of the following subsequent problems? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔decreased chloride secrection Which of the following is most likely an intervention associated with pneumonia?
- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔humidified oxygen, deep breathing exercises, position of comfort, increase fluid intake, manage fever, Which of the following pathological descriptions is most likely the result of cystic fibrosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔autosomal recessive, CFTR chromosome 7, CL-channel defect, decreased chloride secretion, increased NA and water reabsorption, increased NA and CL in sweat, and dehydration of mucous layers Which of the following acronyms or mnemonics is most useful for recalling the causes of pulmonary embolism? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔FAT BAT= F-Fat, A-air, T-DVT, B-bacteria, A-Amniotic Fluid, T-Tumor
Which LDL goal is most appropriate for patients with established coronary heart disease, or 2+ coronary artery disease risk factors and a 10 year event risk of
20%? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔<LDL 100 mg/dl Which of the following is most likely a late sign or symptom of hypoxia? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔cyanosis, cool-clammy skin, use of accessory muscles, retractions, hypotension, arrhythmias Which of the following pathologic findings on a 12 lead ECG indicates a previous or current myocardial infarction? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔q wave What assessment finding may be seen in patients with pneumonia? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔SOB, wheezing or crackles, fever, pleuritic chest pain, fever, hypoxemia, and cough/sputum production Which of the following systolic blood pressure values best describes hypertensive crisis? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔systolic > Which of the following structures connects the larynx to the bronchi? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔trachea Early symptoms of hypoxia? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔hypoxia, restlessness, tachypnea, sob on excretion, tachycardia, HTN, arrhythmias, decreased urine output, sweating, unexplained fatigue. Which of the following is most likely a complication of an abdominal aortic aneurysm? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔rupture, and shock
