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Anatomy of Muscles: Origin, Insertion, Nerve Supply, and Action, Cheat Sheet of Anatomy

All muscles of the upper limb with their origin, insertion, nerve supply and action

Typology: Cheat Sheet

2022/2023

Uploaded on 12/03/2023

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ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION
1. Pectoralis Major
clavicular head
-
medial 2/3rd anterior
surface of clavicle.
Sternocostal head -
1/2of the sternum upto
6th costal cartilage.
Lateral lip of bicipital
groove
Medial and lateral
pectoral nerves
Adduction & medial
rotation of shoulder
joint.
2. Biceps Brachii
Short head
– Tip of
coracoid process
Long head
Supraglenoid tubercle
of scapula
Posterior rough part of
radial tuberosity
Musculocutaneous
nerve
Flexor of arm and
Supination of forearm
3. Triceps Brachii
long head- Infraglenoid
tubercle of scapula
lateral head-posterior
surface of humerus
above the radial groove
medial head- Posterior
surface of humerus
below the radial groove
Superior surface of
olecranon process of
ulna
Radial nerve : Above
the radial groove , it
supplies long and
medial head of triceps
At the radial groove, it
supplies lateral and
medial head oftriceps
Extension of arm
4. Deltoid
- Lateral 1/3rd of
clavicle,
- lateral border of
acromion process,
- Lower lip of crest
spine of scapula.
Deltoid tuberosity of
humerus
Axillary nerve
Ac
r
om
i
a
f
b
r
e
s
Abduction of arm from
150 - 900 ;
Anterior fibres
Flexion and medial
rotation of arm
Posterior fibres
Extension and lateral
rotation of arm
Clinical importance: Intramuscular injections
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ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION

  1. Pectoralis Major clavicular head - medial 2/3rd anterior surface of clavicle. Sternocostal head - 1/2of the sternum upto 6th costal cartilage. Lateral lip of bicipital groove Medial and lateral pectoral nerves Adduction & medial rotation of shoulder joint.
  2. Biceps Brachii Short head – Tip of coracoid process Long head – Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula Posterior rough part of radial tuberosity Musculocutaneous nerve Flexor of arm and Supination of forearm
  3. Triceps Brachii long head- Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula lateral head-posterior surface of humerus above the radial groove medial head- Posterior surface of humerus below the radial groove Superior surface of olecranon process of ulna Radial nerve : Above the radial groove , it supplies long and medial head of triceps At the radial groove, it supplies lateral and medial head oftriceps Extension of arm
  4. Deltoid
  • Lateral 1/3rd of clavicle,
  • lateral border of acromion process,
  • Lower lip of crest spine of scapula. Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Axillary nerve Acromial fibres – Abduction of arm from 15 0
  • 90 0 ; Anterior fibres – Flexion and medial rotation of arm Posterior fibres – Extension and lateral rotation of arm Clinical importance: Intramuscular injections
  1. Serratus Anterior From the upper eight ribs Costal surface of medial border of scapula Nerve to serratus anterior or long thoracic nerve (C5,C6,C7) Protraction of scapula; Abduction of shoulder above 90 0 Applied anatomy: Winging of scapula
  2. Pronator Quadratus Lower 1/4th of ant. Surface of shaft of ulna & the area medial to head, Superior fiber - lower 1/4th of ant surface &anterior border of radius. Deep Fibres - triangular area above the ulnar notch Anterior interosseous nerve Pronation of forearm Bind the lower end of radius and ulna
  3. First Lumbrical Lateral side of tendon of fexor digitorum profundus od 2nd digit. Via extensor expansion into dorsum od bases of distal phalanges. Median nerve Flexion of metacarpophalangeal joint and extension of interphalangeal joint
  4. Adductor Pollicis Oblique head- bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal; Transverse head - shaft of 3rd metacarpal. Bases of proximal phalanx of thumb on its medial aspect. Deep branch of ulnar nerve Adduction of thumb
  5. Latissimus Dorsi Posterior 1/3 of outer lip of iliac crest. Posterior layer of lumbar facsia. Spine of T7 - T12, lower 4 ribs. Inferior angle of scapula. Floor of bicipital groove or intertubercular sulcus Thoracodorsal nerve (C6,C7,C8) Adduction, extension and medial rotation of arm