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Anatomical Terms and Definitions: Muscles of the Human Body, Quizzes of Physiology

Definitions for various muscles of the human body, including the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, gluteus medius and maximus, sternocleidomastoid, rectus abdominis, pectoralis major and minor, external oblique, linea alba, deltoid muscle, brachioradialis, extensor digitorum, flexor retinaculum, sartorius, vastus medialis and lateralis, adductor longus, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior. Each term includes a definition and, in some cases, additional information about the muscle's location and function.

Typology: Quizzes

2011/2012

Uploaded on 04/17/2012

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TERM 1
trapezius
DEFINITION 1
In human anatomy, the trapezius is a large superficial muscle
that extends longitudinally from the occipital bone to the
lower thoracic vertebrae and laterally to the spine of the
scapula.
TERM 2
latissimus dorsi
DEFINITION 2
The latissimus dorsi, meaning 'broadest muscle of the back'
(Latin latus meaning 'broad', latissimus meaning 'broadest'
and dorsum meaning the back), is the larger, flat, dorso-
lateral muscle on the trunk, posterior to the arm, and partly
covered by the trapezius on its median dorsal region.
TERM 3
gluteus
medius
DEFINITION 3
The gluteus medius, one of the three gluteal muscles, is a
broad, thick, radiating muscle, situated on the outer surface
of the pelvis.
TERM 4
gluteus maximus
DEFINITION 4
The gluteus maximus is the largest and most superficial of
the three gluteal muscles.
TERM 5
sternocleidomastoid
DEFINITION 5
The sternocleidomastoid branch of superior thyroid artery
runs downward and lateralward across the sheath of the
common carotid artery, and supplies the
Sternocleidomastoideus and neighboring muscles and
integument; it frequently arises as a separate branch from
the external carotid.
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trapezius

In human anatomy, the trapezius is a large superficial muscle that extends longitudinally from the occipital bone to the lower thoracic vertebrae and laterally to the spine of the scapula. TERM 2

latissimus dorsi

DEFINITION 2 The latissimus dorsi, meaning 'broadest muscle of the back' (Latin latus meaning 'broad', latissimus meaning 'broadest' and dorsum meaning the back), is the larger, flat, dorso- lateral muscle on the trunk, posterior to the arm, and partly covered by the trapezius on its median dorsal region. TERM 3

gluteus

medius

DEFINITION 3 The gluteus medius, one of the three gluteal muscles, is a broad, thick, radiating muscle, situated on the outer surface of the pelvis. TERM 4

gluteus maximus

DEFINITION 4 The gluteus maximus is the largest and most superficial of the three gluteal muscles. TERM 5

sternocleidomastoid

DEFINITION 5 The sternocleidomastoid branch of superior thyroid artery runs downward and lateralward across the sheath of the common carotid artery, and supplies the Sternocleidomastoideus and neighboring muscles and integument; it frequently arises as a separate branch from the external carotid.

rectus abdominis

The rectus abdominis muscle, also known as the "six pack", is a paired muscle running vertically on each side of the anterior wall of the human abdomen. TERM 7

pectoralis major

DEFINITION 7 The pectoralis major is a thick, fan-shaped muscle, situated at the chest of the human body. TERM 8

pectoralis minor

DEFINITION 8 The pectoralis minor is a thin, triangular muscle, situated at the upper part of the chest, beneath the pectoralis major in the human body. TERM 9

external oblique

DEFINITION 9 The external oblique muscle (also external abdominal oblique muscle) is the largest and the most superficial (outermost) of the three flat muscles of the lateral anterior abdomen. TERM 10

linea alba

DEFINITION 10 The linea alba (Latin for white line) is a term used in dentistry to describe a horizontal streak on the inner surface of the cheek, level with the biting plane.

vastus medialis

The vastus medialis, often called the 'teardrop' muscle, is a medially located muscle of the quadriceps. TERM 17

vastus lateralis

DEFINITION 17 The Vastus lateralis is the largest part of the Quadriceps femoris. TERM 18

adductor longus

DEFINITION 18 In the human body, the adductor longus is a skeletal muscle located in the thigh. TERM 19

gastrocnemius

DEFINITION 19 In humans, the gastrocnemius muscle is a very powerful superficial pennate muscle that is in the back part of the lower leg. TERM 20

tibialis

anterior

DEFINITION 20 In human anatomy, the tibialis anterior is a muscle that originates in the upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the tibia and inserts into the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of the foot.

calcaneal tendon

The Achilles tendon, also known as the calcaneal tendon or the tendo calcaneus, is a tendon of the posterior leg.