Muscular Disorders: Fibromyalgia, Muscular Dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravis, Study notes of Animal Anatomy and Physiology

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MUSCULAR SYSTEM

DISEASES & DISORDERS

Berryhill & Cashion HS1/2017- 2018

LECTURE 5, SLIDES 2- 15

Objectives:

• Identify diseases, disorders, and injury of the muscular system
• Identify signs, symptoms, and treatment methods associated with muscular diseases and disorders

DISEASES/DISORDERS:

Muscular Dystrophy Group of inherited diseases that lead to chronic, progressive muscle atrophy Usually appears in childhood Most types result in total disability & early death Most common type is Duchene MD

DISEASES/DISORDERS:

Duchenne MD Cause = genetic defect; @ birth infant is healthy but as muscle cells die, child loses the ability to move Onset = 2-5 years of age By 9-13 years, child is confined to wheelchair Muscle weakness affects heart & diaphragm = respiratory/cardiac failure = death

DISEASES/DISORDERS:

Myasthenia Gravis https://youtu.be/j80reMSwQs

Chronic condition where nerve impulses

aren’t properly transmitted to muscles

This leads to progressive muscular weakness &

paralysis

If MG affects respiratory muscles, it can be

fatal

DISEASES/DISORDERS:

Myasthenia Gravis

Cause = unknown; may be autoimmune

(antibodies attack body’s own tissues)

Treatment = no cure; only supportive care

DISEASES/DISORDERS:

Strain https://youtu.be/FFyQeOQjO9o

Overstretching of or injury to a muscle and/or tendon Frequently occur in back, arms, legs Cause = prolonged or sudden muscle exertion Symptoms = myalgia (muscle pain), swelling, limited movement Treatment = rest, muscle relaxants, pain meds, elevating the extremity, alternating hot & cold packs

DO YOU KNOW?

• What disabling muscle disorder usually affects children? A) Fibromyalgia B) Muscular Dystrophy C) Myasthenia Gravis D) Strain And the answer is….B

DO YOU KNOW?

• What muscle injury is often caused by overstretching a muscle? A) Fibromyalgia B) Strain C) Dislocation D) Atrophy And the answer is…B

DO YOU KNOW?

• Which condition causes heavy drooping eyelids (ptosis)? A) Muscular Dystrophy B) Myasthenias Gravis C) Fibrositis D) Fibromyalgia And the answer is…B