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NACC PSW EXAM/ PRACTICE EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE NEWEST
202 5/2026 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms - ANSWER - the bill identifying human rights that are guaranteed to everyone in Canada; on every level and embedded in the Constitution of Canada Provincial Human Rights Codes - ANSWER - Freedom from discrimination, harassment. Equal treatment with respect to services and facilities, age, sex, ethnicity. Does not promote the right to vote informed consent - ANSWER - Must include information about the nature of the treatment, discuss potential risks and side effects, likely consequences of not having the treatment. Does not include reassurance that this is the best and only option. Negligence - ANSWER - careless neglect, often resulting in injury. Prison term is unlikely. Assault - ANSWER - Intentional attempt or threat to touch a persons body without the persons consent. False Imprisonment - ANSWER - the illegal restraint of another person's movement prejudice - ANSWER - preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience Activities of Daily Living - ANSWER - Self care activities that people perform to remain independant and function in society Unregulated Health Care Provider - ANSWER - Personal Support Worker Professionalism - ANSWER - An approach to work that demonstrates a respect for others, commitment, competence and appropriate behaviour
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER - A system that arranges human needs into categories Daily Value - ANSWER - indicates whether there is a little or a lot of a nutrient in a serving of food Diabetes - ANSWER - A condition in which the body is unable to produce enough insulin. Does not require a sodium restricted diet. Insulin - ANSWER - A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics Diabetic diet - ANSWER - must eat the same amount of carbohydrates, protein and fat each day. Gastronomy tube - ANSWER - The surgical placement of a feeding tube from the exterior of the body directly into the stomach. Common reasons for tube feedings - ANSWER - cancer of the esophagus, surgery to the mouth, dysphasia dysphasia - ANSWER - difficulty speaking Aspiration - ANSWER - Breathing fluid, food, vomitus, or an object into the lungs. Major complication of nasogastric or naso-intestinal tubes. rehabilitation - ANSWER - Restore to normal life. Often slower for older adults. physiotherapist - ANSWER - therapist who treats with exercises and other physical treatments to restore strength and balance Rehabilitation process - ANSWER - addresses the whole person
Delegated task responsibility - ANSWER - You, and the RN are responsible Stress - ANSWER - the emotional, behavioural, or physical response to an event or situation. Not influenced by gender. Displacement - ANSWER - When you respond in anger to someone who was not the person who angered you. S.M.A.R.T - ANSWER - Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Timely Non-maleficence - ANSWER - duty to do no harm, provide a safe environment Autonomy - ANSWER - self-government, respecting personal preferences Function of the Care Plan - ANSWER - Provide central reference point on the clients health problems, needs and care for communication and to ensure everyone provides the same care. NOT to provide information that never changes. Subjective Data - ANSWER - things a person tells you about that you cannot observe through your senses; symptoms Graphic sheet - ANSWER - used to record measurements and observations made three to four times per day. Speaker to reciever - ANSWER - exchange of information Verbal communication - ANSWER - expressing ideas to others by using spoken words, NOT the truest reflection of a persons feelings. Closed questions - ANSWER - Questions that can usually be answered with yes or no.
Focussing as a communication tool - ANSWER - When a person is rambling Questions - ANSWER - Used to promote good communication receptive aphasia - ANSWER - difficulty understanding spoken or written words, language apraxia of speech - ANSWER - caused by brain injury Dysarthria - ANSWER - difficulty forming words, slurred speech but can understand what is said. Speech and language disorders - ANSWER - Can cause problems relating to family and friends Meniere's disease - ANSWER - disorder of inner ear causing vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss Not obvious hearing problems - ANSWER - loneliness and isolation If the hearing aid is not working - ANSWER - check that it is turned on Distal - ANSWER - the point farthest from the point of origin medial - ANSWER - relating or located at or near the middle or midline of the body or body part BRP - ANSWER - bathroom privileges STAT - ANSWER - At once, immediately Falls - ANSWER - the most common accident in all settings
Friction - ANSWER - A force that opposes motion, skin rubbing on bed sheet When transferring a client - ANSWER - Move the strong side first Plantar flexion - ANSWER - bends the foot downward at the ankle. Use a foot board. Trochanter Roll - ANSWER - rolled up towel or blanket, to control external rotation of the hip Contracture - ANSWER - The lack of joint mobility caused by abnormal shortening of a muscle Flexion - ANSWER - Bending the body part Ambulation - ANSWER - the act of walking. Do not let client shufle or slide after bed rest A single tip cane - ANSWER - To be used on the strong side Cycle of abuse - ANSWER - honeymoon phase, tension building phase, abusive incident. Both men and women can be abused. Situation with an abusive client - ANSWER - Do not touch the client Not a sign of physical abuse - ANSWER - stiff and sore joints a potential sign of sexual abuse - ANSWER - intense fear of bathing or perineal care financial abuse - ANSWER - stealing, taking advantage of, or threatening someone for financial gain When you suspect a client is being abused - ANSWER - Tell your supervisor
Home management duties include - ANSWER - Light housekeeping tasks When working in a clients kitchen - ANSWER - Use paper towel to dry hands Nutrition - ANSWER - the many processes involved in the ingestion, digestion, absorption and use of foods and fluids by the body Protein - ANSWER - needed for tissue growth and repair The Canada Health Act - ANSWER - Which law ensures that every citizen has access to health care? Rising costs of providing technology, drugs and services - ANSWER - The most pressing cause of health care reform has been : Support services provided through home care DO NOT include - ANSWER - Respiratory Therapy A holistic approach to health - ANSWER - Takes into account the whole person Do people with strong emotional health show their emotions easily? - ANSWER - People with strong emotional health do not show their emotions easily. Acute Illness - ANSWER - Appears suddenly and lasts a short time People usually recover from chronic illness - ANSWER - This is not true of chronic illness alopecia - ANSWER - hair loss Elastic stockings - ANSWER - reduce swelling in legs, prevent blood clots, exert pressure on the veins.
developmental disability - ANSWER - can occur before birth, at birth, or during childhood or adolescents. Permanent. intellectual disability - ANSWER - impaired ability to learn Cerebral palsy - ANSWER - caused by lack of oxygen to the brain Down syndrom - ANSWER - occurs at fertilization Spastic Cerebral Palsy - ANSWER - problems with posture, balance and movement Spina Bifida - ANSWER - Improper closing of the spine. Common problems are bowel and bladder issues. Infancy stage - ANSWER - first year of life Preschool years - ANSWER - the stage when children begin playing with each other 8 years old - ANSWER - the age when peer group activities become important Psychoanalysis - ANSWER - exploring unconscious conflict and underlying reasons for problems obsessive-compulsive disorder - ANSWER - An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/ or actions bipolar disorder - ANSWER - severe mood swings between major depressive episodes and manic episodes anorexia nervosa - ANSWER - an eating disorder in which an irrational fear of weight gain leads people to starve themselves
manic phase of bipolar disorder - ANSWER - behaviour becomes disorganized and chaotic, avoid stimulating environment Schizophrenia - ANSWER - delusions of grandeur and hallucinations Substance dependence disorder - ANSWER - The deliberate misuse of medications ,illegal drugs ,alcohol or other substances. Cognitive - ANSWER - how we encode, process, store, and retrieve information. Not related to personality. Delirium - ANSWER - mental disorder marked by confusion; uncontrolled excitement dementia - ANSWER - a slowly progressive decline in mental abilities, including memory, thinking, and judgment, that is often accompanied by personality changes. Not a normal part of aging. Sundowning - ANSWER - Behaviours become worse in the late afternoon and evening hours Older stomachs - ANSWER - decreased digestive juices position for using a bedpan - ANSWER - fowlers position for bedpan supine position - ANSWER - lying on back, facing upward prone position - ANSWER - lying on abdomen, facing downward do not do this with an indwelling catheter - ANSWER - tape any leaks at connection site indwelling catheter - ANSWER - one that remains inside the body for a prolonged time
Cyanosis - ANSWER - bluish discoloration of the skin Hypoxia - ANSWER - lack of oxygen in the cells Orthopnea - ANSWER - ability to breathe only in an upright position 5 rights of medication administration - ANSWER - right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time Cell - ANSWER - basic unit of body structure Epidermis - ANSWER - Outer layer of skin How many bones in the body - ANSWER - 206 bones Layers of skin - ANSWER - 3: Epidermis, Dermis, Subcutaneous Skeletal muscles - ANSWER - Under voluntary control Cerebral cortex - ANSWER - place for the highest functions of the brain Medulla - ANSWER - the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing Arteries - ANSWER - carry blood away from the heart Veins - ANSWER - Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart small intestine - ANSWER - duodenum, jejunum, ileum. where most food absorption takes place.
Goal of first aid - ANSWER - to prevent death and prevent injuries from becoming worse During a stroke - ANSWER - loosen tight clothing, keep person quiet and warm, position on unaffected side. a.c - ANSWER - before meals connective tissue - ANSWER - anchors, connects and supports other body tissues hemoglobin - ANSWER - the substance in red blood cells that carries oxygen and gives blood its red color homeostasis - ANSWER - steady state or stable internal environment maintained when the organs all work together mastication - ANSWER - the process of chewing perineum - ANSWER - in females, the area between the anus and the vagina joints - ANSWER - Areas where two or more bones join together, allows body movement skeletal muscle - ANSWER - striated and voluntary, appears striped under a microscope Plasma - ANSWER - Liquid part of blood Left Ventricle - ANSWER - part of the heart that pumps oxygenated blood to the body Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged - ANSWER - between the alveoli and capillaries
