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NAPLEX Diagnostic Tests 129 Questions with Verified
Answers
Autoimmune, various - CORRECT ANSWER ⬆ ️ESR, ⬆️ CRP, RF, ANA ESR? - CORRECT ANSWER erythrocyte sedimentation rate CRP? - CORRECT ANSWER C-reactive protein RF? - CORRECT ANSWER rheumatoid factor Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - CORRECT ANSWER ⬆️ ESR, ⬆️ CRP, RF, ANA as well as Anti-Citrullinated Peptide Antibody (ACPA) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - CORRECT ANSWER ⬆️ ESR, ⬆️ CRP, RF, ANA, as well as anti-ssDNA, anti-dsDNA Multiple Sclerosis (MS) - CORRECT ANSWER MRI MRI? - CORRECT ANSWER magnetic resonance imaging Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS), Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) - CORRECT ANSWER Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG), cardiac enzymes [creatine kinase muscle/brain (CK-MB), troponin I, T] Arrhythmia - CORRECT ANSWER EKG/ECG, Holter monitor What is ECG/EKG? - CORRECT ANSWER Records heart electrical activity, HR and rhythm What is a Holter monitor? - CORRECT ANSWER Portable EKG device Atrial fibrillation/A flutter: stroke prevention treatment - CORRECT ANSWER CHADS2 or CHADS2-VASc
What is CHADS2 or CHADS2-VASc scoring system? - CORRECT ANSWER Directs need for anticoagulant tx in patients with A fib/flutter Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA, stroke) - CORRECT ANSWER CT, MRI CT? - CORRECT ANSWER computed tomography Chronic Heart Failure - CORRECT ANSWER ECHO, ⬆️ B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), ⬆️ N-terminal ProBNP (NT-proBNP) ECHO? and use - CORRECT ANSWER echocardiogram, used to dx Chronic heart failure Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD)/Chronic Stable Angina - CORRECT ANSWER Cardiac Stress Test, CK-MB, Troponins (I or T), ECG Cardiac stress test use - CORRECT ANSWER Dx Ischemic heart disease/chronic stable angina Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) - CORRECT ANSWER D-dimer, US; if US is - w/ DVT symptoms: venography, MRI D-dimer? - CORRECT ANSWER Marker of fibrinolysis US? - CORRECT ANSWER Ultrasound pulmonary embolism (PE) - CORRECT ANSWER D-Dimer Test; if positive, pulmonary Computed Tomographic Angiography (CTA) Dyslipidemia - CORRECT ANSWER ⬆️ TC, Non-HDL, LDL, Triglycerides (TG) Hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER ⬆️ systolic blood pressure (SBP)/diastolic blood pressure (DBP) Hypertensive emergency - CORRECT ANSWER ⬆️ BP (≥180/120 mmHg) WITH acute target organ damage
Sx bacterial vaginitis? - CORRECT ANSWER Fishy odor, pH > 4.5 also clear, white or gray discharge, little or no pain Sx Candida vaginitis? - CORRECT ANSWER White, thicker discharge, pruritus Sx Trichomoniasis? - CORRECT ANSWER Yellow, green frothy vaginal discharge also soreness, pain with intercourse ANA? - CORRECT ANSWER Anti Nuclear Antibody FPG? - CORRECT ANSWER Fasting plasma glucose OGTT - CORRECT ANSWER Oral Glucose Tolerance Test A1C? - CORRECT ANSWER Hemoglobin A1C Peptic Ulcer Disease - CORRECT ANSWER Epigastric pain, Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy PUD: Sx of duodenal ulcer - CORRECT ANSWER Pain 2-3 hrs after eating (without food in stomach); relief with foods/antacids PUD: Sx gastric ulcer - CORRECT ANSWER Pain right after eating (with food in stomach); little to no pain relief with food/antacids GERD dx? - CORRECT ANSWER Sx/patient presentation, esophageal pH monitoring, endoscopy H. pylori - CORRECT ANSWER UBT, fecal antigen test UBT? - CORRECT ANSWER Urea Breath Test Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Areas affected for Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease - CORRECT ANSWER UC: Rectum and colon Crohn's: Extensive, more of the GI tract affected
IBD: UC tests? - CORRECT ANSWER Sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, biopsy, imaging (CT, MRI) Sigmoidoscopy? (what is imaged?) - CORRECT ANSWER End part of intestine closest to rectum Colonoscopy? (what is imaged?) - CORRECT ANSWER Large intestine IBD: Crohn's Disease tests - CORRECT ANSWER Endoscopy, Colonoscopy, Biopsy, imaging (CT, MRI) Bronchospastic Diseases: What does spirometry measure? - CORRECT ANSWER How much and how quickly a person can exhale air. Spirometry finding: FEV1 is? - CORRECT ANSWER How much air can be forcefully exhaled in 1 second Spirometry finding: FVC is? - CORRECT ANSWER The maximum amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled. Spirometry finding: FEV1/FVC is? - CORRECT ANSWER The percentage of total air capacity ("viral capacity") that can be forcefully exhaled in 1 second Asthma? Allergic Asthma? - CORRECT ANSWER Spirometry (FVC and FEV1) and Peak expiratory flow (PEF) --Allergic asthma (in response to an allergen/s): Skin test (to detect allergen) Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - CORRECT ANSWER Post- bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0. COPD: Eosinophils - A count of ≥ WHAT means which 2 thing - CORRECT ANSWER Eosinophils ≥ 300 cells/uL indicates inflammation and better response to inhaled steroids metabolic acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER ⬇️ pH, ⬇️ HCO3; compensation: respiratory alkalosis
Pinworm (Vermicularis) - CORRECT ANSWER Tape Test (on skin adjacent to anus, for presence of eggs); otherwise, test for helminths (worms) in blood, feces or urine Pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER Chest X-ray showing infiltrates, consolidations or opacity, with symptoms Syphilis - CORRECT ANSWER RPR test aka Venereal Diseases Research Laboratory (VDRL) blood test RPR? - CORRECT ANSWER rapid plasma reagin Toxoplasma gondii Encephalitis - CORRECT ANSWER Toxoplasma IgG Test Tuberculosis (TB) - CORRECT ANSWER TST also called purified protein derivative (PPD) test TST? - CORRECT ANSWER tuberculin skin test Upper GI endoscopy - what is imaged? - CORRECT ANSWER Mouth to small intestine Breast Cancer - CORRECT ANSWER Mammogram, US, MRI, biopsy What is a Biopsy? - CORRECT ANSWER Tissue sample sent to pathology Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) - CORRECT ANSWER A test, or marker, used in identifying cancer Cervical Cancer - CORRECT ANSWER Pap smear, HPV test, biopsy Colon Cancer - CORRECT ANSWER Colonoscopy, Sigmoidoscopy, Double- Contrast Barium Enema, CT Colonography, Stool DNA, Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT), Fecal Immunochemical Test, biopsy Lung cancer - CORRECT ANSWER CT chest, biopsy
Skin Cancer - CORRECT ANSWER Skin biopsy Prostate Cancer - CORRECT ANSWER Digital Rectal Exam (DRE), Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), biopsy Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) - CORRECT ANSWER Rating scale used to measure involuntary movements, or tardive dyskinesias, as monitoring for patient improvement Macrocytic anemia (B12 or folate deficiency) test results - CORRECT ANSWER ⬇️ Hgb/Hct/RBC, ⬆ ️MCV, Schilling Test Macrocytic anemia- cause? - CORRECT ANSWER B12 or Folate deficiency High Mean Corpuscular Volume meaning (MCV)? - CORRECT ANSWER Cell size > 100 fL Low mean corpuscular volume (MCV) meaning? - CORRECT ANSWER Cell size < 80 fL Cause of microcytic anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Fe deficiency Microcytic anemia (Fe deficiency) test results? - CORRECT ANSWER ⬇️ HgB/Hct/RBC, ⬇️ MCV Allergic reactions - CORRECT ANSWER Skin Prick (Scratch) Test (immediate), Immunoglobulin E (IgE) Antibodies (blood) Cholestasis (bile duct block) - CORRECT ANSWER ⬆️ Alk Phos, ⬆ ️T-bili, ⬆ ️Gamma Glutamyltransferase (GGT) Cognitive impairment (e.g., Alzheimer's) - CORRECT ANSWER Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), score < 24 indicates impairment; a simple exam, others are more complex Cystic Fibrosis - CORRECT ANSWER Sweat test
Renal Disease - CORRECT ANSWER ⬆️ BUN/SCr Dehydration - CORRECT ANSWER BUN:SCr ratio> 20:1 + symptoms (e.g., ⬇️ Urine output, dry mucous membranes, tachycardia) Seizures/epilepsy - CORRECT ANSWER Electroencephalogram (EEG) What is an Electroencephalogram (EEG)? - CORRECT ANSWER Records brain activity Sickle cell disease - CORRECT ANSWER Hemoglobin S (Hgb S) test Weight: Underweight, Normal Weight, Overweight, Obesity - CORRECT ANSWER BMI (plus waist circumference for risks associated with overweight/obesity
