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NASM Section 4 Questions and Answers
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Which screening tool is used to evaluate the benefits and risks associated with starting any type of exercise that is strenuous in nature? ✔✔Health risk assessment (HRA)
Which of the following health indicators is reflected in the PAR-Q+ and preparticipation process? ✔✔Desired exercise intensity
TRUE OR FALSE? Fitness assessments that do not require physical exertion (such as the measurement of RHR, blood pressure, or body composition) should always be conducted after more vigorous fitness assessments (such as those that measure aerobic fitness, strength, or power output). ✔✔False
What term is used to describe the physiological process by which the body maintains a relatively constant internal temperature? ✔✔Thermoregulation
Why does NASM recommend fitness professionals measure resting heart rate (RHR) at the radial pulse versus the carotid pulse? ✔✔The vagus nerve lies adjacent to the carotid artery, and pressure on this nerve can slow a client's heart rate response.
Which principle assumes that the volume of fluid displaced by an object is equivalent to the volume of the object fully immersed in that fluid or to the specific fraction of the volume below the surface? ✔✔Archimedes' principle
What is the most valid measurement of aerobic fitness? ✔✔VO2max
Which of the following is the part of the cell that uses nutrients to create energy for the cell? ✔✔Mitochondrion
How many skinfold sites are measured when determining body composition using the Durnin- Womersley protocol? ✔✔ 4
Which of the following is not a component that needs to be considered when planning a VT test? ✔✔Environmental temperature
Which of the following statements defines the chest skinfold location for men? ✔✔A diagonal fold taken half the distance between the anterior axillary line and the nipple
What artery is used to measure blood pressure? ✔✔Brachial artery
Which term refers to a state where muscles on each side of a joint have altered length-tension relationships? ✔✔Muscle imbalance
Knee Valgus ✔✔Knees collapse inward
Knee Varus ✔✔Knees bow outward
Pes planus distortion ✔✔Postural syndrome characterized by flat feet, knee valgus, and adducted and internally rotated hips
Lower crossed syndrome ✔✔Postural syndrome characterized by anterior pelvic tilt and excessive lumbar lordosis
Which assessment provides insight into deviations from optimal alignment of the body in a standing posture? ✔✔Static postural assessment
What is typically the first movement assessment used for most clients? ✔✔Overhead squat assessment
Which performance assessment is designed to test lateral speed and agility? ✔✔Lower extremity functional test (LEFT)
Which of the following assessments can be used by Certified Personal Trainers as recruitment tools for prospective clients? ✔✔Static postural and overhead squat assessments
Which muscle would be considered underactive, leading to arms falling forward in the overhead squat assessment? ✔✔Middle and lower trapezius
Which muscles are typically overactive when the feet turn out? ✔✔Gastrocnemius and soleus
How often is it recommended to reassess clientele? ✔✔Every month
Which muscle would be considered overactive, leading to the low back arching during the overhead squat assessment? ✔✔Hip flexor complex
Which muscle would be considered underactive, leading to the low back arching during the overhead squat assessment? ✔✔Gluteus maximus
Which muscles are typically underactive with knee valgus during the overhead squat? ✔✔Gluteus maximus and medius
Which muscles are typically overactive in association with upper crossed syndrome? ✔✔Upper trapezius
What depth is suggested for the overhead squat assessment? ✔✔Femur parallel to ground
What is a body composition assessment technique that estimates body fat percentage by measuring the resistance to the flow of electrical currents introduced into the body? ✔✔Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)
What best defines a Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q+)? ✔✔A detailed questionnaire designed to assess an individual's physical readiness to engage in structured exercise
Which muscles are typically overactive in association with lower crossed syndrome? ✔✔Hip flexors and lumbar extensors
Which term defines the degree to which a test specifically measures what it is intended to measure? ✔✔Validity
Which of the following blood pressure readings would classify an individual as having stage 1 hypertension? ✔✔135/80 mm Hg
In which BMI category would you classify Mary if she has a BMI of 17.5? ✔✔Underweight
In most individuals, to what pressure is the blood pressure cuff inflated when measuring resting blood pressure? ✔✔The cuff is inflated to a value of 20 to 30 mm Hg above the point at which the pulse can no longer be felt at the wrist.
What interventions are suggested for an individual with a resting blood pressure of 134/86 mm Hg? ✔✔Some lifestyle changes coupled with some medical monitoring
