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Insulin functions to have what effect on the liver? Sclect one: a. Insulin does not affect the liver. b. Decrease hepatic glucose outpul c. Increase hepatic glucose output d. Causes it to oxidize protein ANSWERV ¥ b. Decrease hepatic glucose output Reaching recommended physical activity levels has been shown to reduce the risk of developing obesity by what percent when compared to inactive adults? Select one: a. 0.6 b. 0.4 c. 0.8 d.0.2 ANSWERV V a. 0.6 What is a recommended strategy for a client who has experienced limited success with popular commercial dicts? Select one: a. Program a ketogenic diet to ensure nutritional ketosis and long-term weight loss. b. Program a low-carbohydrate diet to accelerate fat loss in the initial weeks of dieting. c. Avoid dietary approaches that overly restrict food choices and allows for the consumption of enjoyable foods. d. Avoid dietary approaches that include <2300mg of sodium per day. ANSWERV V c. Avoid dietary approaches that overly restrict food choices and allows for the consumption of enjoyable foods. In the COM-B model related to behavior change, the M stands for what term? Select one: a. Maintain b. Motivation c. Monitoring d. Moderation ANSWERV ¥ b. Motivation Among men with severe obesity, what percent of them experience sleep apnea? Select one: a. 0.12 b. 0.48 c. 0.6 d. 0.94 ANSWERV V d. 0.94 What are problem-focused coping strategics? Select one: a. Coping strategies that are used when the individual believes they can take action to control the challenging situation or remove the stressor Select one: a. A period of a few days where the individual purposely overfeeds in order to boost their metabolism. b. A period of time where the goal switches to gaining muscle instead of losing fat so a caloric surplus is used. c. A period of | to 2 weeks where calorie intake is increased to a point where weight is maintained while diet structure remains similar. d. A period of 1 to 2 days where the individual has freedom to eat how they wish with no rules or restraint relating to food choices or quantity. ANS WERVV c. A period of I to 2 wecks where caloric intake is increased to a point where weight is maintained while dict structure remains similar. Which of the following are components of TEPA? Select one: a. NEAT and TEF b. Exercise and NEAT c. Exercise and TEF d. NEAT and RMR ANSWERV ¥ b. Exercise and NEAT What is an adipokine? Sclect one: a. [tis a type of fat tissue. b. It is a molecule produced by the brain. c. It is a hormone. d. It is a signaling molecule produced by adipose tissue. ANSWERV V d. It is a signaling molecule produced by adipose tissue. For body fat and body weight to increase, which of the following must be true? Select one: a. Energy going into the body from food is equal to energy leaving the body. b. Body fat and body weight can increase regardless of energy intake from food. c. Energy going into the body from food must exceed energy leaving the body. d. Energy going into the body from food must be less than energy leaving the body. ANSWERV ¥ ce. Energy going into the body from food must exceed energy leaving the body. Which of the following sleep patterns has been linked to being overweight or obese in both children and adults? Sclect one: a. Chronically long sleep durations b. Chronically short sleep durations c. Chronically taking daytime naps d. Chronically waking up before daylight ANS WERV V b. Chronically short sleep durations What is a group of tissues in a living organism that have been adapted to perform a specific function? Select one: b. The ketogenic diet guide and intermittent fasting c. The USDA MyPlate and the NHS Latwell Guide (UK) d. The USDA Pyramid and the USDA MyPlate ANSWERY ¥ c. The USDA MyPlate and the NHS Eatwell Guide (UK) Which of the following is an example of an intermittent barrier? Select one: a. Not being able to exercise due to a babysitter cancelling last minute b. Not being able to exercise outdoors due to poor weather c. Not being able to exercise due to an injury that needs to be rehabilitated d. Not being able to exercise for several weeks due to projects at work ANSWERV V b. Not being able to exercise outdoors due to poor weather Shelly has stopped losing weight. She thinks it is because she dropped her calorie intake too low and that her body is in "starvation mode." Which of the following is most likely to be true? Select one: a. Shelly's RMR has decreased to such a low level that it has stopped her weight loss. b. Both RMR and TEF have decreased to such a low level that it has stopped her weight loss. c. Shelly is underreporting food intake and/or has dramatically decreased her physical activity levels. d. Shelly's TEF has decreased to such a low level that it has stopped her weight loss. ANSWERVV ce. Shelly is underreporting food intake and/or has dramatically decreased her physical activity levels. What relatively common condition characterized by muscle loss afflicts much of the older adult population? Select one: a. Frailty b. Cardiovascular disease c. Sarcopenia d. Dementia ANSWERV v c. Sarcopenia Which of the following is true regarding resistance training and weight loss? Select one: a. The impact of resistance training on FFM is not well-studied. b. Resistance training does not mitigate the loss of FFM during weight loss. c. Resistance training may maintain or reduce the loss of [FM during weight loss. d. Resistance training usually increases FFM during weight loss. ANSWERV V c. Resistance training may maintain or reduce the loss of FFM during weight loss. b. Systolic blood pressure < 120 mmIlg and diastolic blood pressure < 80 mmlIg c. Systolic blood pressure > 180 mmlIg and diastolic blood pressure > 120 mmllg d. Systolic blood pressure > 130 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure > 80 mmHg ANSWERY ¥ a. Systolic blood pressure > 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg A long-term client has indicated that every morning on arriving to work he goes to the breakroom for coffee and is often tempted by donuts that co-workers routinely bring in. Going to the breakroom every morning would be an example of which of the following? Select one: a. Process b. Action ce. Cue d. Reward ANSWERV Vv c. Cue When monitored over time, which of the following variables helps to identify cardiovascular adaptations, such as becoming more fit, or regressions, such as deconditioning? Select one: a. Body mass index b. Body fat percent c. Resting heart rate d. Waist-to-hip ratio ANSWERV V c. Resting heart rate The median age of the U.S. population has risen by how many years since 1970? Select one: a. 10 b.5 c. 20 d. 15 ANSWERV V a. 10 Steve is a former football player with a BMI of 41 kg/m2. During the overhead squat assessment, he indicates some pain in his knees but says he can push through the pain. What should the Weight Loss Specialist do? Sclect one: a. Encourage Steve to push through the pain so that the assessment can be completed. b. Inform Steve that it is unsafe to proceed due to the risk of serious injury. c. Consider modifying the assessment with a reduced squat depth to see if that minimizes pain. d. Immediately stop the assessment and note that the client was unable to properly complete the assessment. ANSWERV V¥ c. Consider modifying the assessment with a reduced squat depth to see if that minimizes pain. What is the recommended intake for sodium? Select one: a. Less than 1000mg per day b. Less than 2300mg per day ce. Less than 3500mg per day d. Less than 4300mg per day ANSWERV ¥ b. Less than 2300mg per day Which of the following is true regarding TDEE with increasing body weight? Select one: a. Relative TDEE and TEPA increase with increasing body weight. Which of the following is a typical metabolic adaptation to dieting? Select one: a. Increase in the hormone testosterone b. Decreased hunger c. Increased resting metabolic rate d. Decrease in the hormone leptin ANSWERV ¥ d. Decrease in the hormone leptin What is the prevalence of asthma among people with obesity’? Select one: a. 0.052 b. 0.111 c. 0.156 d. 0.257 ANSWERV V b. 0.111 What percentage of TDEE does TEPA make up? Select one: a. 8 to 10% depending on activity levels b. 15 to 50% depending on activity levels ce. < 25% d. 50 to 75% depending on activity levels ANSWERV V b. 15 to 50% depending on activity levels The collection of organs and tissues consisting of the skin, hair, nails, glands, and nerves is referred to as what? Select one: a. Limbic System b. Nervous System ¢, Integumentary System d. Cardiovascular System ANSWERV ¥ ec. Integumentary System What is an example of a non-quantified energy restriction method? Select one: a. Limiting portion sizes b. Using a protein-sparing modified fast c. Tracking caloric intake d. Using time-restricted feeding ANSWERV ¥ a. Limiting portion sizes Research has suggested a high intake of what is potentially protective against obesity? Select one: a. Zine b. Fiber c. Saturated fat d. Unsaturated fat ANS WERY ¥ b. Fiber Which of the following describes how to use behavioral modification strategies to support a client's weight loss efforts? Select one: a. Help clients identify specific weight loss goals they would like to work on. b. Partner with clients to identify a list of rewards to motivate them to continue to work toward weight loss goals. d. Skeletal muscle ANSWERV V a. Energy intake and body weight What color urine indicates optimal hydration status? Select one: a. Lemonade b. Burnt orange c. Amber d. Transparent ANS WERV V a. Lemonade What percent of current food intake occurs outside the home? Select one: a. 0.4 b. 0.6 ¢. 0.2 d. 0.8 ANSWERV ¥ b. 0.6 What are the three components of evidence-based practice? Select one: a. A cohort study, a double-blind study, and a meta-analysis. b. Surveys, questionnaires, and, focus groups. c. Quantitative research, qualitative research, and real-world experience. d, Research evidence, professional expertise, and client preferences ANSWERV V d. Research evidence, professional expertise, and client preferences What weekly physical activity energy expenditure is associated with better long-term weight maintenance? Select one: a. 2000 keal b. 2500 keal c. 1500 keal d. 1000 kcal ANSWERV V b. 2500 keal What is ERPOC? Select one: a. An increase in energy expenditure above resting levels during exercise b. An increase in TEF after exercise c. An increase in NEAT after exercise d. An increase in energy expenditure above resting levels during recovery from exercise ANSWERV ¥ d. An increase in energy expenditure above resting levels during recovery from exercise How does caffeine increase alertness in the brain? Select one: a, Gives energy b. Stabilizes adenosine signaling c. Blocks the action of adenosine d, Increases the action of adenosine ANSWERY ¥ e. Blocks the action of adenosine The influence of social structure on exercise behavior would affect which of the following? Select one: c. A weight change of less than 3% of body weight d. A weight change of less than 10% of body weight ANSWERVV ec. A weight change of less than 3% of body weight Which of the following describes the purpose of the Goal Setting Worksheet? Select one: a. Clients can indicate their preferences for different types of exercises. b. Clients can brainstorm and identify goals, potential barriers, and support. c. Clients can describe their past experiences with weight loss programs. d. Clients will have a clear template for setting a SMART goal. ANSWERV ¥ b. Clients can brainstorm and identify goals, potential barricrs, and support. For a given amount of food, the reward system is what in people with obesity? Select one: a. Broken b. Not affected c. Heightened d. Blunted ANSWERV ¥ d. Blunted Which of the following best describes coaching as it applies to the role of a WLS? Select one: a. A process that guides the client to self-improvement through learning, reflection, engagement, and interaction with the coach. b. The WLS assumes the role of a fitness coach for the client. c. An interactive relationship, where the WLS counsels the client and recommends specific changes to help the client achieve their weight loss goals. d. The WLS performs the role of a coach in developing a physical training program for the client. ANSWERV Vv a. A process that guides the client to self-improvement through learning, reflection, engagement, and interaction with the coach. 
