NIMS 2017 Update: Overview and Changes to the National Incident Management System, Study notes of Logistics

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FEMA Emergency Management Institute

National Incident

Management System

(NIMS) 2017

Learning Materials

NIMS 2017 Learning Materials Purpose

• In October 2017 FEMA published a revision of the National Incident Management System (NIMS).
• The 2017 NIMS document replaces the 2008 NIMS.
• This content is to provide information to emergency management practitioners on the key changes contained in the new NIMS 2017 document.
• These learning materials are provided as a “bridge” to deliver interim NIMS 2017 document refresh information until updated NIMS courses are available.
• This is not intended as stand-alone training on NIMS. This content is designed as a supplement to be used in conjunction with existing legacy NIMS/ ICS course materials in order to provide students with additional information on key NIMS 2017 changes.

NIMS 2017 – Update History

• FEMA led, whole community effort to update NIMS
• Retains key concepts and principles from 2004 and 2008 NIMS
• Incorporates policy updates from lessons learned from exercises and real-world incidents and disasters
• National engagement to review the NIMS document produced thousands of comments from whole community stakeholders
• Input from local, state, tribal and Federal subject matter experts
• Comments were adjudicated by an interdisciplinary panel
• Approved changes were incorporated into NIMS published in 2017

NIMS 2017 – Overview (1 of 2)

NIMS 2017 strengthens guidance for effective incident management:

 Reflects and incorporates policy updates from lessons learned from exercises and real-world incidents and disasters

 Clarifies the processes and terminology for qualifying, certifying, and credentialing incident personnel, building a foundation for the development of a national qualification system

 Removes the Preparedness component of NIMS to avoid redundancy with the National Preparedness System and Goal

 Clarifies that NIMS is more than just Incident Command System (ICS), and that it applies to all incident personnel, from the incident command post to the National Response Coordination Center

 Demonstrates the applicability of NIMS to all five mission areas (Prevention, Protection, Mitigation, Response and Recovery)

 Adds guidance on the Intelligence and Investigations function

NIMS 2008-2017 Comparison

NIMS 2008

Com- ponent Contents

1 Preparedness

2 Communications andInformation Management

3 Resource Management

4 Command andManagement

• Incident Command System (ICS)
• Multiagency Coordination System (MACS)
• Public Information

5 Ongoing Management andMaintenance

Elements of both the structure and content of NIMS have been changed in the NIMS 2017 update

NIMS 2017 Com- ponent Contents 1 Fundamentals and Conceptsof NIMS 2 Resource Management 3 Command and Coordination

• Incident Command System (ICS)
• Emergency Operations Centers (EOC)
• Multiagency Coordination Group (MAC Group)
• Joint Information System (JIS) 4 Communications andInformation Management

NIMS 2017 Component 1:

Fundamentals and Concepts

Component includes:

• High-level summary of NIMS
• Brief history of NIMS
• NIMS guiding principles:
  • Flexibility
  • Standardization
  • Unity of Effort (new NIMS Guiding Principle)
• Overview of the NIMS components

2008 NIMS

• Flexibility
• Standardization

2017 NIMS

• Flexibility
• Standardization
• Unity of Effort

Overview of NIMS Components (1 of 2)

NIMS 2008 defined five NIMS Components: Preparedness, Communications and Information Management, Resource Management, Command and Management, and Ongoing Management and Maintenance.

NIMS 2017 defines three NIMS framework components which enable diverse organizations to integrate capabilities and achieve shared goals:

• Resource Management
• Command and Coordination
• Communications and Information Management

Overview of NIMS Components (2 of 2)

Definitions of the three NIMS framework components:

• Resource Management describes standard mechanisms to systematically manage resources, including personnel, equipment, supplies, teams, and facilities, both before and during incidents in order to allow organizations to more effectively share resources when needed.
• Command and Coordination describes leadership roles, processes, and recommended organizational structures for incident management at the operational and incident support levels and explains how these structures interact to manage incidents effectively and efficiently.
• Communications and Information Management describes systems and methods that help to ensure that incident personnel and other decision makers have the means and information they need to make and communicate decisions.

Resource Typing

Resource typing establishes common definitions for capabilities of personnel, equipment, teams, supplies, and facilities. Typing definitions include the following information:

• Capability : the core capability for which the resource is most useful
• Category : the function for which a resource would most likely be used such as firefighting, law enforcement, health and medical, etc.
• Kind : a broad classification such as personnel, teams, facilities, equipment and supplies
• Type : a resource’s level of minimum capability to perform its function; based on size, power, capacity (for equipment) or experience and qualifications (for personnel or teams) The Resource Typing Library Tool (RTLT) is an online catalog of NIMS resource typing definitions and job titles/position qualifications available through the FEMA website (link provided at the end of this presentation).

Credentialing

Qualifying, certifying and credentialing are essential steps, led by an Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) to help ensure that deploying emergency management personnel can perform their assigned role.

• Qualification: personnel meet minimum established criteria - training, experience, physical and medical fitness, capability – to fill specific positions
• Certification/Recertification : recognition from an AHJ or a third party stating that an individual is qualified for a specific position
• Credentialing : documentation from an AHJ or a third party, usually in the form of an identification card or badge, that identifies personnel and verifies their qualifications for a particular position

NIMS Qualification, Certification and

Credentialing Process

• The NIMS qualification, certification and credentialing process supports sharing of personnel resources for mutual aid.
• Nationally standardized criteria and minimum qualifications for positions provide a consistent baseline for qualifying and credentialing the incident workforce.
• This is a decentralized process that relies on Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJ).
• Each jurisdictional authority develops, implements, maintains, and oversees the qualification, certification, and credentialing process within its organization or jurisdiction.

Resources - Preparedness Activities

• Before an incident jurisdictions and organizations develop resource plans.
• This resource planning includes identifying resource requirements based on an assessment of threats and vulnerabilities and developing strategies to obtain the needed resources.
• Resource management strategies include stockpiling resources, establishing mutual aid agreements to obtain resources from neighboring jurisdictions, determining approaches to reassigning resources from non-essential tasks, and developing contracts to rapidly acquire resources from vendors when needed.
• A resource inventory is used to track resource availability and enables organizations to acquire resources promptly when needed for an incident.

Mutual Aid

Mutual Aid Agreements and Compacts

• Establish the legal basis for two or more entities to share resources
• Address issues including liability, compensation and procedures
• Exist between communities, tribal governments non-governmental organizations and the private sector, within a state, between states, between Federal agencies, and internationally

Mutual Aid Process

• A request for resources is received from requesting jurisdiction.
• The request is evaluated by the providing jurisdiction to determine if they can accommodate a temporary loss of the resource.
• If the providing jurisdiction can accommodate the request, they deploy the resource to the requesting jurisdiction.

NIMS 2017 Component 3: Command and

Coordination

• Defines the fourteen NIMS Management Characteristics
• Describes four NIMS Command and Coordination structures:  Incident Command System (ICS)  Emergency Operations Centers (EOCs)  Multiagency Coordination Group (MAC Group)  Joint Information System (JIS)

2008 - Command and Management

• Incident Command System (ICS)
• Multiagency Coordination System (MACS)
• Public Information

2017 – Command and Coordination

• Multi-Agency Coordination Systems (MACS):  ICS  EOCs  MAC Group  JIS