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National Programme for Control of Blindness(NPCB), Slides of Nursing

An overview of the National Programme for Control of Blindness(NPCB) in India. It includes definitions, burden, goals & objectives, strategies, organizational structure, district blindness control society (DBCS), activities of NPCB, new initiatives under the program, externally aided projects, and vision 2020. The document also provides information on blindness prevalence, national burden, and NPCB's goals and strategies to reduce blindness prevalence. It also includes NPCB's activities, such as cataract operations, involvement of NGOs, civil works, commodity assistant, IEC activities, and monitoring and evaluation.

Typology: Slides

2022/2023

Available from 09/27/2023

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NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR
CONTROL OF BLINDNESS(NPCB)
Dr. NAVYA KRISHNA
1ST YEAR PG
DEPT. OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE
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Download National Programme for Control of Blindness(NPCB) and more Slides Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR

CONTROL OF BLINDNESS(NPCB)

Dr. NAVYA KRISHNA 1 ST YEAR PG DEPT. OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE

OUTLINE

  • DEFINITIONS
  • BURDEN
  • GOALS & OBJECTIVES
  • STRATEGIES
  • ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
  • DISTRICT BLINDNESS CONTROL SOCIETY (DBCS) - ACTIVITIES OF NPCB - NEW INITIATIVES UNDER THE PROGRAM - EXTERNALLY AIDED PROJECTS - VISION 2020

TYPES OF BLINDNESS

1.Economic Blindness 2.Social Blindness 3.Manifest Blindness 4.Absolute Blindness 5.Curable Blindness 6.Preventable Blindness 7.Avoidable Blindness

  • Visual Acuity:-
    • Sharpness of vision, measured as maximum distance a person can see a certain object, divided by the maximum distance at which a person with normal sight can see the same object
  • Economic blindness:-
    • Inability of a person to count fingers from a distance of 6 meters or 20 feet.
  • Curable blindness:-
    • That stage of blindness where the damage is reversible by prompt management e.g. cataract
  • Preventable blindness:-
    • The loss of vision that could have been completely prevented by institution of effective preventive or prophylactic measures.eg:- xerophtalmia,Trachoma Avoidable blindness: -
  • The sum total of preventable or curable blindness is often referred to as avoidable blindness.

Comparison of WHO and NPCB definitions

WHO-ICD VISUAL ACUITY NPCB LOW VISION Category (1) <6/18 - 6/60 Low vision Category (2) <6/60 - 3/60 Economic blindness BLINDNESS Category (3) <3/60 – 1/60 Social blindness Category (4) <1/60-perception of light Manifest blindness Category (5) No perception of light Absolute blindness

  • Globally, uncorrected refractive errors are the main cause of moderate and severe visual impairment.
  • Cataracts remain the leading cause of blindness in middle and low income countries.
  • 80 % of all visual impairment can be prevented or cured.
  • Prevalence is highest in African continent (avg. of 1.2%) followed by Asia (0.75%) and Latin America (0.5%).
  • Prevalence of blindness i. > 50 years was 8.5%. ii. childhood blindness is 0.8/1000.
  • In children 5 to 15 years of age the Visual Impairment is 6.4% I am not able to read properly

Causes of Blindness in India

Major causes of Blindness

  • Cataract
  • Uncorrected refractive errors
  • Glaucoma
  • Corneal opacity Causes of Childhood Blindness - Uncorrected refractive errors - Vitamin A deficiency - Developmental Cataract - Retinal conditions - Optic Atrophy - Congenital Anomalies

PROGRAMME

INDIA was the first country in the world to launch National level Blindness control program.

  • 1976 : NPCB launched as 100% centrally sponsored programme.
  • 1994-95: Programme decentralized with formation of District blindness control society(DBCS) in each district.

GOALS

  • To reduce the prevalence of blindness from 1.49% (1986-89) to <0.3% by 2020.
  • To establish an infrastructure efficiency to cater new cases of blindness each year to prevent future backlog.
  • To enhance Community Awareness on eye care and lay stress on preventive measures.
  • Increase and expand Research for prevention of blindness and visual impairment.
  • To secure participation of Voluntary Organizations/Private Practitioners in eye Care.

STRATEGIES

  • Continued emphasis on free Cataract Surgeries.
  • Emphasis on Diabetic Retinopathy, Glaucoma, Corneal transplantation, Vitreo retinal surgeries, Childhood Blindness.
  • Active screening of population above 50 years of age.
  • Screening of school children for identification and treatment of Refractory errors