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NCE EXAM 2025/2026 ACTUAL LPC QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ LATEST The designations "common," "personal," & "cardinal" refer to ______________. Trait Theory Individuals are in an interactional relationship with their environment. contextual worldview Freud believed human behavior is mainly motivated by the psychosexual energy called __________. libido
Typology: Exams
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The designations "common," "personal," & "cardinal" refer to ______________.
Trait Theory
Individuals are in an interactional relationship with their environment.
contextual worldview
Freud believed human behavior is mainly motivated by the psychosexual energy called __________.
libido
Relearning by using a particular stimulus to establish a new, more adaptive response
counter conditioning
Idea that there are many different ways to interpret events, each one leading to different behaviors.
Kelly's concept of Constructive Alternativism
Ego's need for immediate gratification.
Pleasure Principle
A severe psychological disorder involving loss of contact with reality.
Psychosis
Process of development and body change resulting from heredity rather than learning.
Maturation
The cause or ____________of abnormal behavior is difficult to determine in most cases.
Etiology
An individual who is happy,autonomous, & creative has reached ______________.
Self-actualization
cognitive dissonance
Used by individuals to maintain feelings of adequacy and self-worth rather than coping directly with a stressful situation.
defense mechanisms
Used to help reduce anxiety experienced by an agoraphobic client.
systematic desensitization
Skinner believes the social environment provides a variety of __________to help shape human behavior.
consequences
Patterns of ____________that may be organic, psychological, or sociocultural in origin.
abnormal behavior
The tendency toward subjective functioning, with the self being of greatest importance.
Jung's theory of Introversion
Behavior modification programs in schools/group homes used to motivate participants.
token economy
This approach to human functioning stresses the importance of each individual's perception of reality.
Phenomenological
Emphasizes the importance of genetic and physical contributors to maladaptive behavior.
biological viewpoint
Use of family constellation
Adler
traits and values
Allport
Jung
cognitive meaning making
Kegan
Role Construct Repertory Test
Kelly
Justice Reasoning & Moral development
Kohlberg
Life Space
Lewin
seven-stage ego development
Loevinger
Self-actualization
Maslow
Thematic apperception test
Murray
Russian Psychologist
Pavlov
dualism, relativism, & commitment
Perry
original child psychologist
Piaget
actualizing tendency
Rogers
In order to better serve Hispanic American clients, counselors should be__________& _____________.
bilingual and bicultural
Counselors who do not resolve their own__________will undermine their own work with minority clients.
prejudice
The "Superwoman Syndrome" is an exampe of ______.
role strain
When too many demands come from various areas of a person's life this results.
role conflict
Sex role ___________ is unhealthy, where ___________promotes better functioning.
stereotyping, androgyny
Times of change from one role or stage to the next are referred to as ______________.
transitions
______________ or __________________makes employment, housing, medical, and other services difficult to obtain.
Discrimination against elderly, ageism
This is detrimental to a counselor's work with gay men or lesbian women.
homophobia
In determining treatment situations for clients, counselors should look for _____________.
least restrictive environment
Public law 94-192 improved services for children with ________________.
disabilities
culture-bound values
Culture conflict is a major issue for many _________.
Asian Americans
Pessimism, stoicism, & laziness are stereotypes of ______________.
Native Americans
The counselor must accurately diagnose the problem taking cultural norms into consideration before
effective intervention can take place.
The belief that clients should change to fit the environment.
autoplastic view
The belief tht suggests changing the outside world.
Alloplastic view
Counselors are often called to collaborate with medical and legal personnel when dealing with
abuse
As nontraditional families increase, the traditional_____________ is declining.
nuclear family
This decreases as one's age increases.
cohort group
Lesbians and gays reveal their sexual orientation to themselves and/or others.
The process of coming out
grieving process
Kubler-Ross
emic-etic dilemma
developmental stages
Erikson
MID model
Atkinson, Morten, & Sue
Sex Role Inventory
Bem
primarily Cuban, Mexican, and Puerto Rican
Hispanic Americans
five life-span eras
Levinson
This may be basic, additive, or subtractive.
empathy
This treatment focuses on the client's past.
psychoanalysis
When counselors accept and value clients without reservation, they demonstrate __________.
UPR
This type of therapy insists that clients take full responsibility for their actions.
reality
Humanistic counselors believe clients are inherently moving towards ____________.
self-actualization
This relationship is voluntary, professional, and egalitarian.
consultation
Clients feel they have really been understood when counselors use accurate ______________.
reflection of content and feeling.
_____________ uses an approach that is very effective for treating depression.
Beck
Counselors who apply complete thinking, feeling & behavior towards clients, use helping skill known as
attending
This approach explores what is affecting the client in the here and now.
Gestalt
Listening, attending, & inquiring
helping skills
_____________recognized the importance of a person's position in the family constellation.
Adler
When a client directs toward the counselor feelings that were once attached to a significant other, _________ takes place.
transference
He introduced the concept of observational learning.
Bandura
A process of eliminating anxiety by pairing the anxiety-evoking situation with a relaxing response.
systematic desenstization
A basic premise of ____________ is that people are influenced by the consequences of their behavior.
behavior modification
This view holds that individuals are essentially good in nature with a tendency toward growth and productivity..
