NCLEX 2025 EXAMS WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS, Exams of Nursing

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What is adenosine used for? Antiarrhythmic used to treat supraventricular tachycardia. What is dopamine used for?

NCLEX PN 2025 EXAMS

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VERIFIED

QUESTIONS

AND

SOLUTIONS-

GRADEBOOSTER

A vasopressor used to treat symptomatic hypotension. What is metoprolol used for? Metoprolol is a beta blocker used for heart rate control in tachyarrhythmias. Torsades de pointes "Twisting of the points" usually do to a prolonged QT interval which is the result of electrolyte imbalances especially hypomagnesemia. Gastric lavage

• Intubation and suction supplies should always be available at the bedside during GL in case the client develops aspiration or respiratory distress - Performed through large bore (36 to 42 french)
• Client should be placed on side with HOB elevated.
• Should be initiated within one hour of overdose. Allens test Done to detect the patency of ulnar artery. CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)
• 3O compressions to two rescue breathes.
• Hand placement is in the center of chest on lower half of the sternum.
• Compression rate of 100 to 120/min AED placement for ≤ 8 years old One AED pad on chest and one on back. Why is suprapubic pressure applied during pregnancy? It helps dislodge an impacted anterior shoulder from under the client's pubic bone in the event of shoulder dystocia.

The number of currently living children. Acrocyanosis Peripheral cyanosis that is considered normal during the first day of life or up to 7-10 days after birth if the infant becomes cold. Bishop Score A system for the assessment and rating of cervical favorability and readiness for induction of labor.A higher Bishop score indicates an increased likelihood of successful induction that results in vaginal birth. What is the average newborn head circumference? 13-14 inches (33-35cm) S/S of pyelonephritis

• N/V
• Fever and chills
• Flank pain
• Costovertebral tenderness Important foods during pregnancy. Foods containing folic acid, protein, whole grains, iron, and omega-3 fatty acids are especially important. Supine hypotensive syndrome Occurs when the weight of the abdominal contents compresses the vena cava, causing decreased venous return to the heart. Preeclampsia A systemic disease characterized by hypertension and proteinuria after the 20th gestational week with unknown etiology. Eclampsia

The onset of convulsions or seizures that cannot be attributed to other causes in a woman with preeclampsia. Delivery is the only cure for preeclampsia-eclampsia syndrome. Magnesium sulfate A central nervous system depressant used to prevent/control seizure activity in preeclampsia/eclampsia clients. Therapeutic level is 4-7 mEq/L. Medication used to lower bp during preeclampsia.

• Hydralazine (Apresoline)
• methyldopa (Aldomet)
• labetalol (Trandate) is used to lower blood pressure (BP) if needed (usually considered when BP is

  160/110 mm Hg). Tocolytic drugs Medications used to suppress contractions in preterm labor. Examples: terbutaline, magnesium sulfate, indomethacin, nifedipine. HELLP syndrome A severe form of preeclampsia. Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelet count. s/s of HELLP syndrome RUQ pain, nausea, vomiting, and malaise. Mongolian spots A benign skin discoloration most often seen in newborns of ethnicities with darker skin tones (eg, African American, Native American, Hispanic, Asian). *Fade over first 1-2 years of life. *Measure and document area. VBAC (vaginal birth after cesarean) Have a slightly increased risk for uterine rupture due to previous surgical scarring of the uterus.

How do you choose activities for children with intellectual disabilities. Based on the child's developmental age with consideration given to size, coordination, physical fitness, maturity, likes and dislikes, and health status. Delusions A positive symptom of schizophrenia. Delusions are false beliefs that have no basis in reality and are unrelated to a client's culture or intelligence. Delusion of grandeur (grandiose) The false belief in one's own superiority, greatness, or intelligence. Ex: "I need to get to Washington for my meeting with the president." Delusion of control False belief that a person's will, thoughts, or feelings are being controlled by external forces. Ex: "Don't drink the tap water. That's how the government controls us." Nihilistic delusion The individual has a false idea that the self, a part of the self, others, or the world is nonexistent. Ex: "It doesn't matter if I take my medicine. I'm already dead." Somatic delusion He or she believes that he or she has a physical defect or medical problem. Ex: "The doctor said I'm fine, but I really have lung cancer." Tactile hallucinations When someone experiences some perception related to touch when it is not really there

Auditory hallucinations Hearing voices, noises, music, or sounds that are not there. Persecutory delusions False, persistent beliefs that one is being pursued by other people Delusions of reference Delusions of reference cause clients to feel as if songs, newspaper articles, and other events are personal to them. Ex: "That song is a message sent to me in secret code." Clinical Manifestations of anorexia nervosa Extreme weight loss, amenorrhea, bradycardia, cold intolerance, dry skin, and lanugo. What are the three categories of PTSD symptoms? Reexperiencing the traumatic event, Avoiding reminders of the trauma, increased anxiety and emotional arousal. Clozapine (Clozaril) An atypical antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia. Associated with a risk for agranulocytosis. *Pretreatment assessment and ongoing monitoring of WBC and absolute neutrophil counts are critical. What are some potential side effects of clozapine? Prolonged QT interval, orthostatic hypotension, Hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and weight gain.

Psychomotor retardation or agitation Suicidality What are the 2 key clinical features of major depressive disorder? Depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure. *Must be present everyday for atlas 2 weeks to dx. Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) Clients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) often make suicidal threats, gestures, and attempts. They may use these behaviors to bring about a response when there is a real or perceived risk of abandonment from a significant other. Neologisms Made-up words or phrases usually of a bizarre nature; the words have meaning to the client only. Example: "I would like to have a phjinox." Concrete thinking literal interpretation of an idea; the client has difficulty with abstract thinking. Example: The phrase, "The grass is always greener on the other side," would be interpreted to mean that the grass somewhere else is literally greener. Loose associations Rapid shifting from one idea to another, with little or no connection to logic or rationality Echolalia Repetition of words, usually uttered by someone else

Tangentiality Going from one topic to the next without getting to the point of the original idea or topic. Word Salad A mix of words and/or phrases having no meaning except to the client. Example: "Here what comes table, sky, apple." Clang associations Rhyming words in a meaningless, illogical manner. Example: "The pike likes to hike and Mike fed the bike near the tyke." Perseveration Repeating the same words or phrases in response to different questions. Lifestyle measures that help prevent GERD.

• No alcohol, caffeine, chocolate, peppermint and high fat foods.
• Small frequent meals.
• Discontinue tobacco products. What are some potential complications of acute diverticulitis.
• Abcess formation (continuous fever despite antibiotics and palpable mass)
• intestinal perforation resulting in diffuse peritonitis (progressive pain in other quadrants of the abdomen, rigidity, guarding and rebound tenderness) S/S to expect with acute diverticulitis. -Bleeding with bright red blood in stool.
• Fetal position. -leukocytosis (11,000 wbc)

GI symptoms: Anorexia, nausea and vomiting. Rebound tenderness and guarding. How do clients with acute appendicitis attempt to decrease pain? By avoiding intrabdominal pressure from coughing, sneezing, and deep inhalation and lying still with right leg flexed. What is the best way to prevent unwanted pregnancy after a vasectomy? By using alternative birth control until cleared by a health care provider. S/S of dumping syndrome This results in hypotension, abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, dizziness, generalized sweating, and tachycardia. The symptoms usually diminish over time. What are some atypical symptoms of a heart attack. Nausea, vomiting, belching, indigestion, diaphoresis, dizziness, and fatigue. Where is the point of maximal impulse in a cardiac pt. 4th and 5th intercostal space. What is the purpose of thiamine? It is prescribed to alcoholic pt's to prevent Wernicke encephalopathy.

What are some classic symptoms of a DVT?

• Unilateral leg edema. local warmth. Erythema.
• Low grade fever. In the rule of nine's what percentage is the front/back of the head and neck? 4.5% In the rule of nines what percentage is the front/back of chest down to the buttocks. 18% In the rule of nines what percentage is the front/back of leg 9% In the rule of nines what percentage is the front/back of arms? 4.5% In the rule of nines what percent is the private area? 1%

What is the function of the frontal lobe? Controls higher-order processing, such as executive function and personality. Injury to the frontal lobe often results in behavioral changes. What is the function of the temporal lobe? Integrates visual and auditory input and past experiences. Temporal lobe injury clients cannot understand verbal or written language.

What is the function of the occipital lobe? Registers visual images. Injury to the occipital lobe could result in a deficit with vision. What action should be taken if a foreign body becomes accidentally embedded in the eye? Both eyes should be shielded to prevent eye movement and additional injury. The nurse should immediately refer the client to an ophthalmologist for further evaluation and treatment.