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System studies identify what - ✔✔Predict operations and identify constraints If ACE remains the same and frequency goes up what has happened? - ✔✔Someone lost load When a generator has its AVR in service it is a? - ✔✔Dynamic source of reactive power Black start resource testing is done every? - ✔✔3 years Each BA shall operate its AGC on? - ✔✔Tie line Frequency Bias
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System studies identify what - ✔✔Predict operations and identify constraints If ACE remains the same and frequency goes up what has happened? - ✔✔Someone lost load When a generator has its AVR in service it is a? - ✔✔Dynamic source of reactive power Black start resource testing is done every? - ✔✔ 3 years Each BA shall operate its AGC on? - ✔✔Tie line Frequency Bias When is voltage reduction reportable? - ✔✔Greater than 3% Reactors do what? - ✔✔Absorb VARs What AGC mode should a generator use when islanded? - ✔✔Flat Frequency Implement back up functionality plan within? - ✔✔ 2 hours Who submits the request for interchange for an emergency transaction? - ✔✔The sink BA Transmission lines that are heavily loaded do what? - ✔✔Absorb VARs Undervoltage load shedding is designed to? - ✔✔Reduce power flow into an area A generator will increase output when? - ✔✔Frequency decreases
EEA 3 - ✔✔Anticipating or implementing firm load interruption What is the relation to frequency and load when islanded? - ✔✔To increase frequency 1 Hz you must shed 6-10% of load Zone 2 - ✔✔ 120 - 150% of the line. Backup for Zone 1. What resource should be used during high load periods? - ✔✔Capacitive Who do you notify about curtailed interchange? - ✔✔All BA's on scheduled path. If providing overlap modify your? - ✔✔Frequency Bias setting When do you reduce power flows and increase generation? - ✔✔During low voltage EEA 2 - ✔✔Excluding shedding firm load In what part of the ACE equation is dynamic schedules accounted for? - ✔✔NIs Zone 3 - ✔✔ 130 - 300% of a line What is reduced when power lines are connected in parallel? - ✔✔Impedance If frequency and ACE goes down what has happened? - ✔✔You lost load What do capacitors do? - ✔✔Increase VARs
A. Induction motors B. Motor type load C. Nominal load D. Non-motor type load - ✔✔D P-V curves indicate the margin from voltage instability while V-Q curves indicate the margin from voltage instability. A. Mvar / MW B. MW/ Mvar C. MW / current D. Power / Mvar - ✔✔B. MW/ Mvar UVLS differs from UFLS in that: A. The tripping frequencies are different B. The tap changing points are different C. UVLS is based on voltage while UFLS is based on frequency D. UVLS is based on frequency while UFLS is based on voltage - ✔✔C. UVLS is based on voltage while UFLS is based on frequency Power flow - ✔✔Transfer of power either MW or MVAR over transmission or distribution line. Operating Reserves - ✔✔Capability above firm system demand required for regulation and forced equipment outages. Reactive Reserves - ✔✔Amount of MVAR or reactive power that can be instantaneously accessed in the power system. SOL - ✔✔Satisfaction of the most limiting operating criteria. When impedance is increased so is? - ✔✔Reactive power usage. MVAR
When voltage levels need to be increased the solution is to? - ✔✔Introduce Reactive Resources. MW and MVAR follow the path of? - ✔✔Least Impedance How does a Generator increase its voltage? - ✔✔Increasing DC excitation current What happens when you increase DC excitation current - ✔✔You increase internal voltage, which leads to more MVAR flowing out of the generator Transmission lines provide what during light loading? - ✔✔MVAR Transmission lines absorb what during heavy loading? - ✔✔Reactive power What is a loss of synchronisim? - ✔✔Magnetic bond is weak What are the three power flow/power transfer limits? - ✔✔Thermal, stability, voltage Thermal limits are the result of what? - ✔✔Thermal capability