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NES Elementary Education Subtest 1
(Part I) Questions and Correct Answers
Updated 2025 Rated A
_____ _____ is the process of sending messages intended to share concepts, skills, or knowledge. Also called instructional (or _____) communication, academic communication is distinguished from interpersonal communication in that academic communication is focused on instructional content while interpersonal communication is generally more informal and spontaneous. - ANSAcademic communication, efferent _____ _____ most often include plot, setting, characters, dialogue, and also use a specific form (or script) that organizes the work into acts and scenes. - ANSDramatic works (or plays) _____ and _____ to what the children have to say and they will learn to do the same. - ANSlisten, respond _____ involves not only fast and accurate word identification (reflecting automaticity) but also entails reading in phrase-length chunks and reading with expression, or "prosodic reading." - ANSFluency _____ works most often include a plot, setting, characters, theme, conflict, and resolution. - ANSFictional 3 Levels of Communication - ANSintrapersonal
interpersonal academic A basic unit of speech sounds that can be divided into parts - ANSsyllable Academic communication - ANSFormal classroom talk intended to inform or persuade. aesthetic listening - ANSfor enjoyment affix - ANSattach or become attached to a stem word An intervention for addressing students' demonstrated needs in certain areas. - ANSdifferentiation strategies ASD - ANSAutism Spectrum Disorders automaticity - ANSthe ability to recognize words quickly, effortlessly, and accurately Basic syllable patterns (7) - ANS1) closed (bad)
- open (hi)
- vowel-consonant-silent e (bike)
- vowel teams (loan)
- r-controlled (car)
- consonant - le (table)
- others (sion, tion, ture, etc)
Competency 5 - ANSProcesses, conventions, and key elements of written and oral communication. Comprehension - ANSthe process of interpreting and making meanings from what is read Comprehension Monitoring - ANSRecognizing when to use particular strategies to understand what they are reading. ("Thinking about thinking") Concepts of print include literacy conventions such as - ANS1) Holding a book the right way
- Turning the pages from right to left
- Knowing where to begin reading on a page
- Reading left to right, top to bottom
- Understanding that books have a front/back critical listening - ANSto evaluate a message Dictated Stories - ANSLEA discriminative listening - ANSdistinguishing beginning consonant sounds, for example Echo reading - ANSReading text aloud and have students chorally mimic the style. efferent listening - ANSto understand a message
Evaluative Comprehension - ANSIs text fact or opinion? Drawing conclusions about its meaning. Judge its the quality, validity, and effectiveness of the message. Fables are most popularly associated with _____ - ANSAesop (6th century BC). Five organizational patterns common to informational texts: - ANS1) description
- sequence
- comparison
- cause-and-effect
- problem-solution. graphemes - ANSwritten symbols used to represent phonemes Group talk - ANSTimes when conventions of shared conversations are learned and practiced How beginners learn letter shapes - ANSPlaying with blocks, plastic letters, alphabet books, and computer games. Inferential comprehension. - ANSInferring ideas/relationships that aren't explicitly stated. inflections - ANSthe patterns of stress and intonation in language
- medical/physical problems
- family history of language delay
- learning disabilities
- autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Language play - ANSExploring rhythms, sounds, and tones Large group of high frequency words which appear in different contexts; allows students to illustrate connections to other words - ANSTier II LEA - ANSLanguage Experience Approach Learning letter names - ANSChildren learn letter names by singing songs and by reciting rhymes. Listening is an active communication process that involves _____, _____, and _____ to verbal input. - ANSreceiving interpreting responding Literal comprehension - ANSRecognizing:
- facts
- main ideas
- supporting details
- sequence of events
- cause-and-effect relationships.
modalities - ANSA particular mode in which something is expressed (e.g., speaking, listening, writing, reading) morpheme - ANSa unit of a language that cannot be further divided (e.g., in, come, -ing, forming incoming). morphology - ANSthe study of the forms of words One would expect that since there are 26 letters in the alphabet that there would be only _____ phonemes. - ANS onset - ANSthe consonant sound that precedes the vowel of the syllable orthographic chunks - ANSword parts orthography - ANSmethod of writing a language Paired reading. - ANSOne student reads the text silently and then reads the passage aloud. The listener offers constructive feedback. The reader reads the text a second time. phoneme - ANS(linguistics) small set of speech sounds that are distinguished by the speakers of a particular language phoneme blending - ANSCombining phonemes to create words
Phonological awareness - ANSunderstanding that words are composed of phonemes. prefix - ANSan affix that added in front of the word prosodic - ANSrelating to the patterns of rhythms and sound used in poetry Prosodic Reading - ANSReading with expression prosody - ANSthe study of poetic meter and the art of versification QAR - ANSQuestion-Answer-Relationships (Raphael, 2006) guide students to question informational text. Students seek answers that satisfy literal, inferential, or evaluative comprehension questions. Raphael's four types of questions: - ANS1) Right There Questions
- Think & Search Questions
- Author & Me Questions
- On My Own Questions Reading Fluency - ANSthe ability to decode printed text easily, accurately, expressively, and at an appropriate rate Reading that's accurate, at a natural pace, and mimics speech in its phrasing and expressiveness. - ANSFluent reading
recursive - ANScharacterized by recurrence or repetition Repeated reading - ANSStudents read a passage several times as their teacher offers suggestions of areas for improvement (e.g., accuracy, rate, rhythm, intonation, phrasing). Represents the words the reader recognizes almost instantly and with little conscious effort, or automatically. - ANSsight word vocabulary Rhymes and song - ANSExperiences rich in rhythm and rhyme rime - ANSthe vowel and any consonant sound that follows the onset. Rising action - ANSEvents in a story that move the plot forward. Involves conflicts and complications and usually builds toward the climax. Simile - ANSA direct comparison between two unlike things, usually with the words like or as. Six reading comprehension strategies that benefit students in learning reading comprehension (Duke & Pearson, 2002). - ANS1) Predicting
- Think-alouds
- Text Structure
- Visual Representation in Texts
- Questions and Questioning
- Summarization
Teachers can promote emergent literacy skills when they: - ANS1) Model reading aloud
- Point to words as they read
- Explain punctuation
- Encourage students to participate in the reading activity (pointing to the words, or turning the pages). Technique includes concept webs/maps. Linking groups as connections become apparent. - ANSClustering. The critical stage of language development between birth and the early elementary school years helps prepare children with the skills important for conventional literacy. - ANSEmergent Literacy The idea that written letters and letter patterns can be used to represent speech sounds. - ANSthe alphabetic principle The key is to make reading and writing _____ to the everyday life of the classroom and to make literacy activities _____ to each child. - ANSfundamental, relevant The level of formality used when speaking or writing formal language, familiar language, or slang. - ANSsocial variation (or register) This is a method that many writers use to warm up to generate ideas. The students write down whatever comes into your head during a specified time period (5-10 minutes) without concerning themselves with sentence
structure, spelling, grammar, or punctuation. They simply write rapidly about anything that comes to their minds before the time elapses. - ANSFree-writing. Three key indicators of fluency to assess students' fluency development - ANSAccuracy, Rate, Prosody Three phases of the listening process students can be given opportunities to develop and practice listening skills. - ANSpre-listening during listening after listening Three steps in the Listening Process - ANSreceiving attending assigning meaning Tools of communication children use to form their understanding of the word - ANSreading, writing, listening, speaking Traditional literature - ANSStories originally shared orally through storytelling. Stories passed down by previous generations, sharing cultural traditions and values. words that appear most frequently in print - ANShigh-frequency words Words with lower frequency but are important in their content areas vocabulary learning. - ANSTier III
