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Definitions and descriptions of various neuroscience techniques used for observing and measuring brain activity. Topics include single-cell recording, eeg, erp, pet, fmri, tms, and meg. Single-cell recording is a non-invasive technique for observing electrical activity in neurons, while eeg and erp record electrical activity along the scalp. Pet and fmri use radioactive substances and magnetic fields, respectively, to measure brain activity. Tms and meg involve magnetic fields and electrical currents to disrupt or measure brain activity. Each technique has its advantages, limitations, and applications in neuroscience research.
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TERM 1
DEFINITION 1 Single-Cell Recording is a technique used in research to observe changes in voltage or current in a neuron. very thin electrode is inserted into a single neuron. changes in electrical activity occurring in the cell are then recorded. Not suited for humans. precise recording of electrical activity. TERM 2
DEFINITION 2 Electroencephalography (EEG) is the recording of changes in electrical activity along the scalp produced by the firing of neurons within the brain. Suited for humans. relatively noninvasive but quite imprecise. TERM 3
DEFINITION 3 changes in electrical potentials are recorded via electrodes attached to the scalp. suited for humans. relatively noninvasive but it does not show actual brain images. TERM 4
DEFINITION 4 Participants ingest a mildly radioactive form of oxygen that emits positrons as it is metabolized. changes in concentration of positions of positrons in target area of the brain are then measured. suited for humans and it shows images of the brain. TERM 5
DEFINITION 5 Functional MRI or functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (FMRI) is a type of specialized MRI scan. creates magnetic fields that that induces changes in particles of oxygen atoms. more active areas draw more oxygenated blood than less active areas in the brain. the difference in the amount of oxygen consumed, form the basis of fMRI measurements. suited for humans and shows images of the brain in action, more precise than PET.
TERM 6
DEFINITION 6 Involves placing a coil on a person's head and then allowing an electrical current to pass through it. the current generates a magnetic field. this field disrupt a small area ( usually no more than a cubic centimeter) beneath it. the research then can look a the cognitive function when the particular are is disrupted. suited for humans but it is potentially dangerous if misused. TERM 7
DEFINITION 7 involves measuring brain activity through detection of magnetic field by placing a device over the head. suited for humans. extremely precise spatial and temporal resolution. very expensive machinery