Noise pollution and thermal pollution, Cheat Sheet of Environmental Science

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NOISE AND THERMAL

POLLUTION

HELLO & WELCOME

TO PRESENTATION

LETS GET STARTED

NOISE POLLUTION

DEFINITION •

“NOISE IS DEFINE AS ANY UNDESIRABLE

HUMAN OR MACHINE CREATED NOISE WHICH

DISTURBS THE ACTIVITY OR BALANCE OF

HUMAN OR ANIMAL LIFE”.

Sources Of Noise

Major Sources of Noise:

1.Traffic Noise:

2.Industrial And Construction Machinery Noise:

3.Defense Exercises:

Industrial And Construction Machinery Noise:- Factory equipments ,

generators, drills road rollers, and similar machinery also make lot of noise.

• Public address System:- Public system contribute in its own ways towards

noise pollution by using loud speakers for religious functions, birth,

marriage, election for commercial advertising.

• Household:- The household activities will contribute for indoor noise

pollution domestic gadgets like pressure cookers, A.C, Vacuum cleaners,

mixers, washing machines are major source of noise at house hold level.

Entertainment equipments like radio, music system, T.V. Will contribute

toward noise pollution.

Defense Exercises:-Tanks, launching of rocketsexplosion, military exercises, aero planes,shooting ranges are adding toward noise pollution.

Physiological effects:-The Physiological effects like breathing difficulty,rise in blood pressure, migraine, headaches, constriction of blood vessels and even heart attacks. Human performance: The working of humans will be affected as they will lose their concentration. Nervous System: It causes pain ringing in ears, feeling of tiredness, thereby effecting functioning of human system. Sleeplessness: It affects the sleeping thereby inducing the people to become restless and loose concentration and presence of mind during their activities.

Legislative measures:- Strict legislative measures need to be enforced to control the nuisance of noise pollution some of the measures are A) Minimum use of loud speakers, near silence zones. B) Banning Pressure horns in automobiles C) Framing a separate noise pollution act. Control of Noise Pollution Planting of Trees:- Planting of trees and shrubs along roads, hospitals, educational institutions help in noise reduction to a considerable extent.

Sources and control of thermal pollution Major Sources of Noise: 1.Industrial wastewater: 2.Reservoirs: 3.Urban runoff:

Industrial wastewater:One of the largest contributors to thermal pollution are once-through cooling (OTC) systems which do not reduce temperature as effectively as the above systems. A large power plant may withdraw and export as many as 500 million gallons per day. These systems produce water 10°C warmer on average. Temperatures can be taken through remote sensing techniques to continually monitor plants' pollution. This aids in quantifying each plants' specific effects, and allows for tighter regulation of thermal pollution.

Urban runoff:-During warm weather, urban runoff can have significant thermal impacts on small streams. As storm water passes over hot rooftops, parking lots, roads and sidewalks it absorbs some of the heat, an effect of the urban heat island. Storm water management facilities that absorb runoff or direct it into groundwater, such as bioretention systems and infiltration basins, reduce these thermal effects by allowing the water more time to release excess heat before entering the aquatic environment. These related systems for managing runoff are components of an expanding urban design approach commonly called green infrastructure.

Effects of thermal pollution

Warm water effects Cold water Thermal shock Biogeochemical effects

Thermal shock:-When a power plant first opens or shuts down for repair or other causes, fish and other organisms adapted to particular temperature range can be killed by the abrupt change in water temperature, either an increase or decrease, known as "thermal shock". Biogeochemical effects:-Water warming effects, as opposed to water cooling effects, have been the most studied with regard to biogeochemical effects. Much of this research is on the long term effects of nuclear power plants on lakes after a nuclear power plant has been removed. Overall, there is support for thermal pollution leading to an increase in water temperatures. When power plants are active, short term water temperature increases are correlated with electrical needs, with more coolant released during the winter months. Water warming has also been seen to persist in systems for long periods of time, even after plants have been removed.

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