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NR 509 MIDTERM EXAM WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025 GRADED
A+
assessing cervical lymph nodes correct answers >> use pads of index and middle finger, palpate in a gentle rotary motion, moving the skin over the underlying tissues in each area. pt should be relaxed w/ neck flexed slightly forward and if needed turned slightly toward the side being examined. -for submental nodes helpful to feel w/ one hand while bracing the top of the head w/ other hand submental lymph nodes correct answers >> palpate in the midline few cm behind the tip of mandible submandibular nodes correct answers >> halfway between the angle and the tip of the mandible -usually smaller & smoother than the lobulated submandibular gland against which they lie
Preauricular node correct answers >> palpate in front of ear posterior auricular node correct answers >> palpate behind ear & superfacial to mastoid process tonsillar (jugulodigastric) lymph nodes correct answers >> palpate at angle of the mandible small harder tender "tonsillar node: high & deep b/w the mandible and the SCM is likey a.... correct answers >> elongated temporal styloid process occipital node correct answers >> palpate at the base of the skull posteriorly anterior superficial cervical node correct answers >> palpate nodes anterior and superfacial to the SCM muscle posterior cervical node correct answers >> palpate along the anterior edge of trapezius by flexing patient's neck slightly forward toward the side being examined
tender nodes suggests correct answers >> inflammation hard or fixed nodes suggest correct answers >> malignancy Generalized lymphadenopathy correct answers >> Seen in multiple infectious, inflammatory disease or malignant conditions such as HIV/AIDS, infectious mononucleosis, lymphoma, leukemia, and sarcoidosis. screening for thyroid cancer correct answers >> palpate thyroid gland to characterize glandular tissues& identify nodules. -nodules that are >2cm, firm & fixed to adjacent tissues are concerning for malignancy. ^ US imaging recommended for further eval thyriod nodule to determine whether biopsy is indicated thyroid gland inspection correct answers >> inspect neck, tip head slightly back -observe swallowing
thyroid gland palpation correct answers >> use posterior approach Retrosternal goiters can cause ( thyroid gland) correct answers >> hoarseness, SOB, stridor, or dysphagia from tracheal compression, neck hyperextension & arm elevation may cause flushing from compression of the thoracic inlet from gland itself or clavicular movement in graves disease thyroid is correct answers >> soft and may be nodular firm thyroid gland may be from correct answers >> hashimoto thyroiditis & malignancy neck mass/lump correct answers >> ask about swelling -persistent neck mass in an adult older than 40 years should raise a suspicion of malignancy -enlarged tender lymph nodes commonly accompany. pharyngitis
hypothyroid signs correct answers >> dry, coarse, cool skin, sometimes yellowish, periorbital myxedema, low-pitched speech , decreased systolic and increased diastolic blood pressure, bradycardia, decreased intensity of heart sounds, impaired memory, mixed hearing loss screening for thyorid dysfunction correct answers >> - associated w. CVD
- screening: unnecessary unless pregnant screening for thyroid CA correct answers >> risk factors: screening: nodules are usually benign techniques of exam : fine hair correct answers >> hyperthyroid course hair correct answers >> Hypothyroidism exam scalp correct answers >> look for redness & scaling that may indicate sevorrheic dermatitis or psoriasis, soft lumps that may be pilar cysts
exam skull -enlarge skull correct answers >> may signify hydrocephalus or Paget disease of bone skull palpable tenderness or bony step-offs correct answers >> may be present after head trauma face skin correct answers >> acne is common in adolescents hirsutism may appear in some women w/ correct answers
PCOS Thyroid is tender in correct answers >> thyroiditis a localized systolic or continuous bruit may be hear in correct answers >> hyperthyroidism trachea inspection correct answers >> inspect for tracheal deviation; note space between it and SCM; compare sides (should be symmetric)
