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Download NR283 Week 1 Discussion Mrs. A, age 35, was given a Pap Fall 2025 (answered) and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
Page 1 The initial post must include responses to all the questions in this discussion. Ms. A, age 35, was given a Pap test during a routine medical checkup. The test showedmarked dysplasia of cervical cells but no sign of infection. 1. Discuss the purposes and uses of diagnostic testing and how it applies in this scenario. 2. Discuss how the following terms might apply to this scenario: prognosis, latent stage, remission, exacerbations, predisposing factors. 3. Compare and contrast the various types of common cellular adaptations, focusing on dysplasia and the testing for this condition. Mrs. A’s baby girl, Baby C, who is 3 months old, has had severe watery diarrhea accompanied by fever for 24 hours. She is apathetic and responds weakly to stimulation. The condition has been diagnosed as viral gastroenteritis. 1. List the major losses resulting from diarrhea and fever. 2. List other signs or data that would provide helpful information. 3. Explain several reasons why infants become dehydrated very quickly. Baby C was tested for PKU shortly after birth (as required by law), the results indicated toxic levels of phenylalanine breakdown products in the blood. 1. Explain how dietary changes can affect the expression of PKU. 2. Discuss the cause of the disease and the probable percentages of inheritance of the disease in children the couple might have in the future. Page 2 Ms. A, age 35, was given a Pap test during a routine medical checkup. The test showed marked dysplasia of cervical cells but no sign of infection. 1. Discuss the purposes and uses of diagnostic testing and how it applies inthis scenario. Diagnostic testing is completed in assisting to diagnose a specific disease (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018). In Ms. A case, her pap test showed marked dysplasia of cervical cells therefore she would need additional diagnostic testing to further evaluate the abnormal cell growth. 2. Discuss how the following terms might apply to this scenario: prognosis, latent stage, remission, exacerbations, predisposing factors. Prognosis refers to the likelinood of recovery (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018). Ms. A would want to know how this new abnormality is going to affect her and what the outcome will be. Latent stage, refers to the stage in which there are no evident clinical signs (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018). In this case, the patient might be in a latent stage of the disease process because we know she went in for a routine check up and was not having any symptoms per the scenario. Remission refers to when manifestations of a disease subside permanently or temporarily, and exacerbations are worsening in the severity of the disease signs and symptoms (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018). Per this scenario, it seems this might be a new diagnosis therefore she is not having any exacerbations and from what we know she does not presently have a medical diagnosis. Predisposing factors refers to factors that promote development of disease in a person (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018). For instance, does Ms. A smoke? Is Ms. A obese? We currently know that Ms. Ais female because a pap testis a routine medical test for women, and she is 35 years old. 3. Compare and contrast the various types of common cellular adaptations, focusing on dysplasia and the testing for this condition. A few different types of cellular adaptations are hyperplasia, dysplasia, metaplasia, anaplasia, and neoplasia. Hyperplasia of cells is defined by an increased number of cells that result in an enlarged mass (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018). Anaplasia, refers to cells that are uniform with different nuclear and cell structures and numerous mitotic figures (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018). Metaplasia occurs when one mature cell type is replaced by different mature cell types and neoplasia refers to new growth and what is also known as a tumor (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018). In Ms. A’s case her results showed dysplasia, which defines tissue in which cells vary in size and shape and rate ofmitosis is increased (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018). Since her test did not show any signs of infection this may be pointing toward possible precancerous changes. Due to her abnormal results Ms. A would need additional diagnostic testing. A doctor would most likely recommend a colposcopy and biopsy. A colposcopy is a procedure that further examines the vagina and cervix and allows for doctors to see areas of cervical dysplasia (Mone, 2018). A biopsy would be performed to further analyze thecervical [Date] | 2 Page 4 Vega, R. M., & Avva, U. (2021, August 9). Pediatric dehydration. StatPearls [Internet]. https://www.ncbi.nim.nih.gov/books/NBK436022/. Baby C was tested for PKU shortly after birth (as required by law), the results indicated toxic levels of phenylalanine breakdown products in the blood. 1. Explain how dietary changes can affect the expression of PKU. When a baby has a positive PKU they already have a build up of phenylalanine in their body because they do not have the enzyme needed to break it down. Therefore, eating foods that contain protein will only further increase build up and lead to serious health problems so the sooner you are aware the sooner you can take steps to prevent long- term problems (Phenylketonuria, 2018). Infants with positive PKU, can be started on phenylalanine-free formula instead of breast milk or regular formula since they contain phenylalanine and once solid foods are introduced choosing foods with low levels of phenylalanine (Phenylketonuria, 2018). Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. (2018, January 27). Phenylketonuria (pku). Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases- conditions/phenylketonuria/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20376308. 2. Discuss the cause of the disease and the probable percentages of inheritance of the disease in children the couple might have in the future. In PKU, there is a genetic mutation that causes a deficiency in the enzyme that is needed to process phenylalanine causing high levels of phenylalanine (Nursing care plan for phenylketonuria, 2021). The probability of inheritance if each parent is heterozygous for the recessive disease traits is: 25% that the child will be born with the unaffected genotype, 50% that the child will be born with the carrier genotype, and25% that the child will be born with the affected or disease genotype (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018). This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern which means that both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations (Phenylketonuria: Medlineplus Genetics 2021). Nursing care plan for phenylketonuria (pku). NURSING.com. (2021, June 23). https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-for-phenylketonuria-pku/. U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2021, April 7). Phenylketonuria: Medlineplus Genetics. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/phenylketonuria/#inheritance. 
