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NR605 / NR 605 Diagnosis & Management in Psychiatric-
Mental Health across the Lifespan I Practicum Final
Exam
100% Guarantee Pass - Chamberlain
. Irritable bowel syndrome is characterized by all except a. Pain b. Diarrhea c. Constipation d. Bloody Stool Answer d. Bloody stool . Which statement is false concerning how abdominal pain is produced?
a. Chemical mediators, such as histamine, bradykinin, and serotonin, produce abdominal pain. b. Edema and vascular congestion produce abdominal pain by stretching. c. Ischemia, caused by distention of bowel obstruction or mesenteric vessel thrombosis, produces abdominal pain. d. Low concentrations of anaerobes, such as Streptococci, Lactobacilli, Staphylococci, Enterobacteria, and Bacteroides, produce abdominal pain Answer
- d.Low concentrations of anaerobes, such as Streptococci, Lactobacilli, Staphylo- cocci, Enterobacteria, and Bacteroides, produce abdominal pain
- How can abdominal pain that is visceral in nature best be described? a. Abdominal pain that is visceral in nature is diffused, vague, poorly localized, and dull. b. It travels from a specific organ to the spinal cord.
hormones, causing a goiter. Answer c. thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins that causes overproduc- tion of thyroid hormones.
- The pathophysiology of type 1 DM involves Answer autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells 6. A nurse knows that Graves disease is caused by a(n) 1. Multiple hyperfunctioning nodules 2. Reduced production of the thyroid hormone 3. Autoimmune response 4. Increased myxedema Answer 3. Autoimmune response 6. A person has Cushing syndrome. Which pathophysiologic effect is occur- ring? 1. Overproduction of pituitary ACTH
2. Excessive aldosterone secretion 3. Reduction of serum glucose 4. Chronic exposure to excess cortisol Answer 4. Chronic exposure to excess cortisol
- Which information is most correct regarding hyperparathyroidism? Hyper- parathyroidism is associated with 1. Pathologic fractures 2. Increased osteoblast activity 3. Hyperphosphatemia 4. Acidic urine Answer 1. Pathological fractures . is low blood sugar during the night that may lead to morning hypoglycemia Answer Somoygi effect
- An individual with type 1 diabetes who has the dawn phenomenon
endocrine disorder? Answer
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus is best described as Answer a resistance to insulin by insulin-sensitive tissues.
- What are clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? Answer Constipation, de- creased heat rate, and lethargy
- Which of the following is a symptom of syndrome of inappropriate antidi- uretic hormone (SIADH)? a. Hyponatremia b. Hypernatremia c. Hyperosmolality (serum) d. Hypo-osmolality (urine) Answer
a. Hyponatremia
- A person develops severe dehydration and hyperglycemia. An absence of ketosis has occurred. What condition does this person have? Answer Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNKS)
- TSH is released to stimulate thyroid hormones and is inhibited when plasma levels of thyroid hormone are adequate Answer negative feedback
- Hypersecretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) relates to what endocrine disease? Answer Cushing disease
- The adrenal cortex secretes mineralocorticoids. Which one is the most potent of the naturally occurring mineralocorticoids and acts to conserve sodium by increasing the activity of the sodium pump of the epithelial cells?-
- Provides one-way flow of blood from the left ventricle into the aorta Answer Aortic valve
- Transports deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the right lung. Answer
Right pulmonary artery - Transports oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the systemic circu- lation. Answer Aorta (aortic arch)
- Conveys deoxygenated blood from the head and upper extremities to the right atrium? Answer Superior vena cava
- Provides one-way flow of blood from the right ventricle to the left
lung? Answer
Pulmonary valve
- Transports deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the left lung? Answer left pulmonary artery
- Conveys deoxygenated blood from the trunk and lower extremities to the right atrium? Answer Inferior vena cava
- Transports oxygenated blood from the left lung to the left atrium? Answer Left pulmonary veins
Answer Injury to the endothelial cells that line the artery walls
- Name 4 Age-related changes associated with the cardiovascular system include? Answer
- decreased cardiac output
- increased blood pressure
- decreased compliance of the heart muscle
- thickening of the heart valves.
- An individual who is demonstrating elevated levels of troponin, creatine kinase-isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) is exhibiting indicators associated with which condition? Answer Myocardial infarction (MI)
- Which form of heart failure may result from pulmonary disease and elevat- ed pulmonary vascular resistance? Answer Right-sided Heart Failure
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- Orthopnea, crackles and coughing pink frothy sputum result from back up into the lungs from which heart failure? Answer Left-sided Heart Failure
- jugular venous distention, hepatomegaly and ankle edema are more from backup from which heart failure? Answer Right-sided Heart failure
- Dilated cardiomyopathy means that Answer the cardiac chambers are enlarged (in- creased diastolic volume) and the myocardium has decreased contractility.
- In restrictive cardiomyopathy, the cardiac chambers Answer have decreased vol- ume and the myocardium is rigid and noncompliant
- Cardiac valve damage in rheumatic fever is caused by Answer an abnormal immune response
- Acute rheumatic fever is characterized by Answer
16 / 11 Pyloric stenosis
- Projectile vomiting which is a spontaneous forceful vomiting not usually preceded by nausea or retching. Answer Pyloric stenosis.
- Epigastric pain, beginning 30 minutes to 2 hours after eating when the stomach is empty or in the middle of the night, is consistent with which diagnosis? Answer Duodenal ulcer
- Which type of hepatitis is transferred via the fecal-oral route? Answer Hepatitis A
- Why does a person with cystic fibrosis have an exocrine pancreatic insuf- ficiency? Answer Because the pancreatic ducts are obstructed with mucus
- What is the primary cause of duodenal ulcers. Answer Helicobacter pylori
- If a person lacks the enzyme lactase and ingests lactose, the lactose
17 / 11 will not be hydrolyzed and absorbed into the intestinal wall; the type of diarrhea that results is diarrhea. Answer Osmotic
- Increased gastrin secretion by the mother in the last trimester of pregnan- cy may cause which condition in the infant? Answer Pyloric stenosis
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Acute pancreatitis digests pancreatic tissue and is usually very painful. Answer
- Acute pancreatitis is an autoimmune disease in which immunoglobulin G (IgG) coats the pancreatic acinar cells; consequently, the pancreatic enzymes destroy the cells.
- Prolonged diarrhea may cause Answer Dehydration and metabolic acidosis
- Mr. Smith a 45 y. o. man report fatigue for about four weeks with worsening nausea although he denies vomiting. He also had a cough, and a headache for the last 3 weks and assumed he had a "cold." Today he presents with dark urine, clay colored stools and "yellow eyes." You review his hepatitis seriology and find a surface antigen present. You know this means Answer There is an acute infection
- IBS is diagnosed by symptoms and exclusion of structural/biochemical causes. Which of the following is an "alarm symptom" that would require more extensive diagnostic testing? Answer
20 / 11 Weight loss
- T/F Signs and symptoms of chronic gastritis correlate with the severity of the disease. Answer Gastric emptying is slowed, causing greater exposure of the mucosa to acid.
- Palpation of the neck of a person with Graves disease would detect a thyroid that is Answer Enlarged diffusely
- Graves disease develops from a(n) Answer thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins that causes overproduction of thyroid hormones.
- The signs of thyroid crisis resulting from Graves disease include Answer Hyper- thermia and Tachycardia
- What are clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? Answer Constipation, de- creased heart rate, and lethargy
- Obesity is present in 60-80% of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and is a major contributor to insulin resistance by many mechanisms
