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NREMT Practice Questions And A+
Rationalized Answer 100% Correct
1. The primary assessment of an adult with chest pain includes:
A. Identifying the specific cause of the patient's pain.
B. Ensuring the scene is safe.
C. Determine the transport priority.
D. Reassessing vital signs.: C
(Determining the patient's transport priority is a component of the primary assess- ment. Scene safety is determined during the scene size up. Determining specifics about the patient's pain and reassessing vitals are done later in the assessment process.)
2. You are caring for a six-year-old patient with respiratory distress. The pulse
oximeter (Sa02) reads 93%. Your management of the patient should include:
A. Withhold oxygen until the patient develops accessory muscle use.
B. Contacting the patient's pediatrician prior to transport.
C. Administering a metered dose inhaler if prescribed to a parent or sibling.
D. Administer sufficient oxygen to maintain a pulse oximeter reading of at
least 94%.: D
(Rationale: Oxygen is indicated for patients with signs or symptoms of hypoxia, including a pulse oximeter below 94%. EMTs should not withhold oxygen from a patient with a pulse oximeter below 94%. EMTs do not contact the patient's physician for medical direction, nor do they administer MDIs which are not prescribed to the patient. )
3. Which of the following interventions should be performed first for an unre-
sponsive patient with a suspected spinal cord injury?
A. Head-tilt, chin-lift.
B. Jaw thrust maneuver.
C. Oropharyngeal airway.
D. Nasopharyngeal airway.:
4. You are caring for a 22-year-old female who complains of respiratory dis-
tress after exercising. She is alert, speaking full sentences, and has a persis- tent cough. She is most likely experiencing:
A. Respiratory distress with adequate breathing.
B. Respiratory distress with inadequate breathing.
C. Respiratory paralysis.
D. Respiratory arrest.:
5. Your 5-year-old patient is unresponsive. A carotid pulse is present at 40
beats per minute. Breaths are shallow at six per minute. You should immedi- ately:
A. Apply a nonrebreather mask.
B. Begin artificial ventilations.
B. Open the airway.
C. Perform a SAMPLE history.
D. Determine if CPR is indicated:
10. You are called for a drowning victim at a family barbecue. Upon arrival, two
family members approach you yelling, swearing, and demanding to know what took so long. One of the family members pushes you. You should:
A. retreat and request immediate assistance from law enforcement.
B. explain to the family where you responded from and why you were delayed.
C. order the family members to back off and take you to the patient.
D. tell the family that assaulting an EMS provider is a felony.:
11. Your 6-year-old patient jumped from a swing and injured his right leg. You
note deformity to the right leg above the ankle. The patient most likely has a fracture to the:
A. proximal radius.
B. distal ulna.
C. proximal fibula.
D. distal tibia.:
12. The foramen magnum:
A. connects the forearm to the humerus.
B. is an opening at the base of the skull.
C. attaches the patella to the knee joint.
D. allows lateral movement of the head.:
13. Which of the following is the most frequent cause of airway obstruction?
A. fluid.
B. toys.
C. vomit.
D. the tongue.:
14. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) can reduce respiratory dis-
tress by:
A. helping to keep the alveoli open.
B. stimulating sleep apnea.
C. relieving foreign body airway obstruction.
D. increasing the need for intubation.:
15. Which of the following is true during inhalation of a spontaneously breath-
ing patient?
A. There is a drop in pressure within the thorax.
B. There is an increase in pressure within the thorax.
C. Air is being pushed into the lungs.
C. stimulates bronchial constriction.
D. reduces delivery of oxygen.:
19. You are caring for an apneic patient with a suspected overdose. You have
loaded the patient into the ambulance and entered the patient compartment. You should first:
A. put on your seat belt.
B. reassess vital signs.
C. assess the patient's SaO2.
D. contact medical direction.:
20. You are called for a 6-month-old infant with respiratory distress. Which of
the following is true about patients in this age group?
A. infants are obligate nose breathers.
B. infants require forceful ventilations with the BVM.
C. infants are more resistant to hypoxia than adults.
D. infants rarely develop bradycardia due to hypoxia.:
21. Which of the following signs of hypoxia is more commonly found in pedi-
atric patients?
A. seesaw respirations
B. cyanosis
C. tachypnea
D. altered level of consciousness:
22. You are treating a patient with respiratory distress. He has a history of
multiple myocardial infarctions. Lung sounds indicate pulmonary edema. You
note the patient does NOT have any JVD or pedal edema. The patient is most likely experiencing:
A. angina.
B. left heart failure.
C. right heart failure.
D. asthma.:
23. The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the:
A. pulmonary arteries.
B. pulmonary veins.
C. superior venae cavae.
D. inferior venae cavae.:
24. Which of the following provides oxygenated blood directly to the heart?
A. cerebral arteries.
B. carotid arteries.
C. coronary arteries.
D. femoral arteries.:
suspected myocardial infarction patient?
A. Aspirin dilates the coronary arteries.
B. Aspirin will eliminate cardiac related chest pain.
C. Aspirin reduces platelet aggregation in the coronary arteries.
D. Aspirin reduces the risk of metabolic acidosis.:
30. You are dispatched to a soccer game for a 12-year-old female with signs and
symptoms of an allergic reaction. Upon arrival, the patient's mother hands you an epinephrine auto-injector. You should:
A. direct the mother to administer the epi-pen.
B. administer the epi-pen.
C. begin the primary assessment.
D. contact the physician that prescribed the epi-pen.:
31. You are dispatched for a possible CVA. Upon arrival, you determine the
patient is responsive to painful stimuli. Which of the following should be assessed first for this patient?
A. airway.
B. blood pressure.
C. pulses.
D. skin.:
32. Treatment should begin at a mass casualty incident:
A. once law enforcement has collected evidence.
B. after triage has been completed.
C. after advanced life support providers arrive.
D. before additional resources are requested.:
33. You are caring for a patient who was ejected during a single vehicle
rollover. The patient responds incoherently to verbal commands. You should first:
A. perform a secondary assessment.
B. determine the pulse rate.
C. assess the patient's airway.
D. log roll the patient onto a spine board.:
34. How should you open the airway of an unresponsive patient with an
unknown mechanism of injury?
A. log roll technique
B. jaw-thrust maneuver
C. head tilt-chin lift
D. tongue-jaw lift:
35. Your patient is a construction worker who fell from a residential rooftop.
He is responsive to pain. Breaths are shallow and irregular. You should:
38. You are dispatched to the local jail for a prisoner found unresponsive in her
cell. Her airway is clear. Respirations are rapid and shallow.The pulse oximeter (SaO2) reads 90%. Your first action should be to:
A. check the blood glucose level.
B. initiate immediate transport.
C. begin positive pressure ventilations.
D. assess the blood pressure.:
39. Which of the following findings indicates partial obstruction of the upper
airway?
A. rales.
B. stridor.
C. rhonchi.
D. wheezes.:
40. To determine if CPR is indicated for an unresponsive patient less than one
year of age, you should assess the:
A. radial pulse.
B. carotid pulse.
C. brachial pulse.
D. femoral pulse.:
41. You respond to a preschool facility for an ill child. Upon arrival, you find an
unresponsive 8-month-old. The infant has a palpable pulse of 50 beats per minute. Your next action should be to:
A. open the airway and assess breathing.
B. begin chest compressions.
C. immediately transport the child.
D. attach the AED.:
42. You are treating a 35-year-old man who was stung by a bee. He is allergic to
bees and has a prescribed epinephrine auto-injector. His breath sounds are clear and non-labored. His BP is 130/82. How should you manage this patient?
A. Administer the epinephrine and transport rapidly.
B. Begin immediate transport and administer the epinephrine en route.
C. Assess the patient for signs of hypoxia, administer oxygen as needed, and
transport.
D. Let medical control know your anaphylactic patient needs his epinephrine.:
43. An elderly patient reportedly collapsed on a golf course almost 10 minutes
ago. You assess her level of consciousness and determine she is unrespon- sive. Which of the following should you do first:
A. open the airway and insert an OPA.
B. assess pulse and begin CPR if needed.
B. a decrease in minute volume.
C. a rise in pulse oximetry (SaO2) readings.
D. reduced carbon dioxide levels.:
48. The most common weapon of mass destruction used by terrorists is:
A. nuclear weapons.
B. biological weapons.
C. chemical weapons.
D. explosive weapons.:
49. You are conducting a primary assessment on an elderly fall victim who
complains of hip pain. While assessing circulation, you should check:
A. skin condition, pulse oximetry and capillary refill.
B. pulses, external bleeding and skin condition.
C. distal pulses in the lower extremities.
D. pulses, motor function and sensation.:
50. In unresponsive patients over one year of age, you should palpate the:
A. radial pulse
B. carotid pulse
C. brachial pulse
D. femoral pulse:
51. Coordinating efforts through a unified command system at a mass casu-
alty incident will likely:
A. reduce duplication of effort and freelancing.
B. make communications more difficult.
C. delay patient care and transport.
D. run efficiently even without prior practice:
52. Inadequate oxygen delivery to the body's tissues is called:
A. hypercarbia.
B. hypoperfusion.
C. shock.
D. hypoxia.:
53. Which of the following signs of hypoxia is more common in pediatric
patients?
A. bradycardia
B. anxiety
C. tachycardia
D. restlessness:
54. Which of the following adult patients is breathing adequately?
A. a patient with respirations at 16 per minute and equal chest rise and fall. B. a patient with rapid, shallow respirations.
current condition is most likely due to: A. a hemorrhagic stroke. B. a cardiac emergency. C. another TIA. D. a migraine headache.:
58. The rapid extrication technique should be used at a motor vehicle accident
when:
A. the scene is not safe.
B. the mechanism of injury is minor and the patient denies injury.
C. the patient has life-threatening injuries.
D. there is a high risk of spinal injury and no life-threatening conditions.:
59. When a pulse oximeter is available, how should oxygen be administered to
a patient experiencing chest pain?
A. Administer oxygen to maintain a pulse oximeter reading of 93% or less.
B. Administer oxygen to maintain a pulse oximeter reading of at least 94%.
C. Always administer oxygen at 15 lpm via nonrebreather mask.
D. Contact medical direction to determine the correct oxygen therapy.:
60. When there are signs and symptoms that your patient is hypoxic, you
should:
A. Administer oxygen at 15 lpm via nonrebreather mask.
B. Always obtain a pulse oximeter reading before administering oxygen.
C. Contact medical direction to determine the correct oxygen therapy.
D. Assess baseline vitals before determining how oxygen should be admin-
istered.:
61. A 36-year-old female presents with a sudden onset of difficulty breathing.
She is anxious, has intercostal retractions and nasal flaring. Her respiratory rate is 24 breaths per minute. You do not have a pulse oximeter. You should:
A. administer oxygen via nonrebreather mask at 15 lpm.
B. withhold oxygen until a pulse oximeter reading is obtained.
C. apply a nasal cannula at 4 lpm.
D. begin positive pressure ventilations.:
62. Your 67-year-old patient recently began taking a new medication. He is
complaining of a sudden onset of severe respiratory distress. He quickly becomes semi-conscious and unable to follow verbal commands. His pulse oximeter (SaO2) is 89%. You should:
A. insert an oropharyngeal airway.
B. assist ventilations with a BVM.
C. apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device.
D. apply high-flow oxygen via NRB.:
